Creatinine

Dibutyl phthalate is an important phthalate ester extensively used in various products like plastics, adhesives, inks, pharmaceuticals, lacquers, varnishes, paper coatings, safety glasses, and cosmetics. The exposure of DBP to "one's health" is therefore inevitable. The present study focuses on elucidating the effect of low doses of DBP on anthropometric parameters and markers of obesity in rats in a 13-week study. A total of 48 rats were divided into three treatment groups as mg DBP/kg body weight per day: (a) 0 mg/kg (control), (b) 10 mg/kg (DBP-10), and (c) 50 mg/kg (DBP-50)...

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) identified on computed tomography (CT) suggests an underlying pathology including bowel ischemia. Patients receiving tube feeds can develop PI, potentially requiring surgical intervention. We identify clinical factors in PI to predict those that may be safe to observe versus those that need immediate intervention. We retrospectively reviewed patients from a single institution from 2008 to 2016 with CT findings of PI and an enteric feeding tube. Patients who had not received tube feeds within one week of the CT were excluded...

BACKGROUND: Growth retardation and its impact on adult height is considered to be one of the most common complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been effective in improving growth in kidney transplantation (KTx) patients, but little data are available on adult height in patients who began rhGh treatment in late puberty. METHODS: Near-adult height was evaluated in 13 KTx patients treated with rhGH [growth hormone group (GHGr); dose 9...

Though numerous reports have demonstrated multiple mechanisms by which furosemide can exert its anti-hypertensive response. However, lack of studies describing PK-PD relationship for furosemide featuring its anti-hypertensive property has limited its usage as a blood pressure (BP) lowering agent. Serum concentrations and mean arterial BP were monitored following 40 and 80mgkg(-1) multiple oral dose of furosemide in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and DOCA-salt induced hypertensive (DOCA-salt) rats. A simultaneous population PK-PD relationship using Emax model with effect compartment was developed to compare the anti-hypertensive efficacy of furosemide in these rat models...

INTRODUCTION: Studies on outcomes and risk factors for neonatal nephrocalcinosis (NC) and renal calculi (RC) are limited, and often do not include controls for comparison. We conducted a case-control analysis to identify risk factors associated with NC and/or RC in neonates and studied the natural course of these anomalies. STUDY DESIGN: Infants diagnosed with NC/RC on ultrasound within the first year of life and corresponding gestational age- and gender-matched controls were identified from the neonatal intensive care unit database at our institution over a 10-year period...

BACKGROUND: The development of complement inhibitors has greatly improved the outcome of patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), making kidney transplantation a more feasible option. Although prophylactic eculizumab therapy may prevent recurrent disease after transplantation, its necessity for all transplant recipients is debated. STUDY DESIGN: A case series. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Patients with aHUS who underwent living donor kidney transplantation after 2011 at 2 university centers, prospectively followed up with a protocol of eculizumab therapy limited to only recipients with documented posttransplantation recurrent thrombotic microangiopathy...

BACKGROUND: Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral in broilers, which has several important roles in biological processes. Organic forms of Se are more efficient than inorganic forms and can be produced biologically via Se microbial reduction. Hence, the possibility of using Se-enriched bacteria as feed supplement may provide an interesting source of organic Se, and benefit broiler antioxidant system and other biological processes. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of inorganic Se and different bacterial organic Se sources on the performance, serum and tissues Se status, antioxidant capacity, and liver mRNA expression of selenoproteins in broilers...

Aims: Patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) frequently undergo elective invasive procedures. Their management is challenging. We aimed to determine the optimal duration of DOAC discontinuation that ensures a minimal anticoagulant effect during the procedure. Methods and results: This prospective multicentre study included 422 DOAC-treated patients requiring an invasive procedure. Pre-procedural DOAC concentration ([DOAC]) and routine haemostasis assays were performed to determine i/the proportion of patients who achieved a minimal pre-procedural [DOAC] (≤30 ng/mL) according to the duration of DOAC discontinuation, ii/the predictors of minimal [DOAC] and, iii/the ability of routine assays to predict minimal [DOAC]...

It has been demonstrated that Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a consequence of the combination of genetic and environmental factors and/or the interaction between them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) exposure and PON1 Q192R polymorphism (genetic susceptibility) on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in Mexican women (n = 206). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations (1-OHP; exposure biomarker for PAHs) were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique, PON1 Q192R polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan probes and serum ADMA concentrations were evaluated using a commercially available ELISA kit...

PURPOSE: We aimed to seek risk factors for AMI among adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched electronic bibliographic databases for studies reporting risk factors for AMI among adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and standard mean differences (SMD or MD) for risk factors between AMI and control group were estimated. RESULTS: 11 studies with 67,195 patients met the inclusion criteria...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of intravenous exenatide compared to insulin in perioperative blood glucose control in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery patients. METHODS: Patients more than 18 yr old admitted for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were included in a phase II/III nonblinded randomized superiority trial. Current insulin use and creatinine clearance of less than 60 ml/min were exclusion criteria. Two groups were compared: the exenatide group, receiving exenatide (1-h bolus of 0...

Hipoxia inducible factor-1 and HIF-2 are responsible for the adaptation of cell metabolism to hypoxia. Previously, a more severe capillary rarefaction was found in locomotor than in postural muscles of uremic animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression patterns of HIF and prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) in functionally different skeletal muscles in uremic rats, an experimental model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Rats were randomized to sham operation - CON, uninephrectomy - CKD1/2 or subtotal nephrectomy - CKD5/6...

OBJECTIVE: Maximum home systolic blood pressure has been shown to predict target organ damage. We aimed to clarify the association between maximum home systolic blood pressure and urine albumin to creatinine ratio, an indicator of early-phase diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In 1040 patients, we assessed the relationship of mean or maximum home systolic blood pressure and urine albumin to creatinine ratio, and compared the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of mean or maximum home systolic blood pressure for diabetic nephropathy (urine albumin to creatinine ratio ⩾30 mg/g Cr)...

OBJECTIVE: To provide an objective reference for the syndrome types of Chinese medicine (CM) associated with pediatric primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed. Data on clinical symptoms, CM syndrome types, biochemical indices, and medications used were collected from 98 children with PNS. Then, the correlation between CM syndromes and biochemical indices, as well as medications used, was analyzed. RESULTS: The four most common symptoms in children with PNS were brown urine, red tongue, excessive sweating, and swelling of the face and limbs...

Cadmium (Cd) is the most potent nephrotoxic heavy metal and may affect bone; it also has a long biological half-life in the human body. This study was designed to assess the effect of environmental low-level Cd exposure on kidney function and bone in the general population. The subjects of this cross-sectional study were 1907 healthy Korean adults who had not been exposed to Cd occupationally. We analyzed the concentrations of Cd in the urine, markers of renal tubule damage, such as β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity in the urine, calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using serum creatinine, and measured bone mineral density (BMD)...

PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of systemic diseases on the occurrence of subretinal fluid (SRF) in diabetic macular edema (DME) and prognostic factors for residual SRF following three consecutive monthly intravitreal ranibizumab. METHODS: Ninety-seven eyes from 68 patients with DME who completed 3 consecutive monthly injections of ranibizumab were enrolled. Systemic parameters mainly included chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension, HbA1c, and insulin dependence...

The current study was designed to investigate the beneficial role of diosmin, a biologically active flavonoid, against methotrexate- (MTX-) induced hepatic, renal, and cardiac injuries in mice. Male Swiss albino mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of MTX (at 20 mg/kg, body weight) either alone or in combination with oral diosmin (at 50 or 100 mg/kg body weight, for 10 days). Serum was used to evaluate tissue injury markers, while hepatic, renal, and cardiac tissue samples were obtained for determination of antioxidant activity as well as histopathological examination...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Community-acquired infections are common, contributing to adverse outcomes and increased health care costs. We hypothesized that, with lower eGFR, the incidence of community-acquired infections increases, whereas the pattern of site-specific infections varies. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Among 1,139,470 health care users (mean age =52±18 years old, 53% women) from the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements Project, we quantified the associations of eGFR with the risk of infections, overall and major types, over 12 months...

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether the fatty liver index (FLI), as a clinical indicator of hepatic fat accumulation based on body mass index, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, triglycerides, and waist circumference, has an association with microalbuminuria. METHODS: We analyzed anthropometric and biochemical data from a nation-wide, population-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 1605 participants included were healthy native Korean 40years or older and divided into quintiles according to their log-FLI and sex...

Objectives To investigate the functional outcomes of ileal ureter replacement for complex ureteral loss, including bilateral and single ureter stricture, as a result of various etiologies. Methods In 2013-2016, 31 patients underwent ileal ureter replacement surgery. The data for their assessments included etiology, combined surgical procedures, ureteral replacement type, postoperative complications, and changes in renal function. Results The 31 study patients had a median age of 56.0 (range 18 to 65) years old and were followed for a median 23...