Creatinine

Rhabdomyolysis is one of the serious side effects of ciprofloxacin (CPFX), a widely used antibacterial drug; and occasionally, acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs. Often, rhabdomyolysis has occurred in patients taking CPFX co-administered with statins. The purpose of this study is to establish a mouse model of drug-induced rhabdomyolysis by co-administration of CPFX and atorvastatin (ATV) and to clarify the mechanisms of its pathogenesis. C57BL/6J mice treated with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor, were orally administered with CPFX and ATV for 4 days...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease and their risk factors in a rural and urban region of Haiti. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Community health workers enumerated 2648 households (909 rural and 1739 urban) via a multistage cluster random sampling method from July 2015 to May 2016, completed 705 rural and 1419 urban assessments for adults aged 25-65 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: We performed a WHO STEPS based questionnaire, measured two blood pressure values, weight, height, abdominal circumference and point of care test finger stick blood sample for haemoglobin A1c, creatinine and cholesterol (total, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the long-term burden of AKI in the pediatric intensive care unit. We aim to evaluate if pediatric AKI is associated with higher health service use post-hospital discharge. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: This is a retrospective cohort study of children (≤18 years old) admitted to two tertiary centers in Montreal, Canada. Only the first admission per patient was included. AKI was defined in two ways: serum creatinine alone or serum creatinine and/or urine output...

AIMS: The aim of this study is to investigate whether red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with renal function damage in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) of children in China. METHODS: We used urine albumin-creatinine ratio to define microalbuminuria (MAU). A total of 170 patients were recruited in the study including 88 patients with MAU and 82 patients without MAU. Clinical and laboratory data of two groups were compared. RESULTS: The present study demonstrated that the RDW values were significantly higher in patients with MAU than those without MAU...

OBJECTIVE: Sera retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been associated with renal function. We determined the concentration of sera RBP4 in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and found its diagnostic value for CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sera samples were collected from 51 patients with CKD and 30 healthy control. The presence of circulating RBP4 was quantified by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), cystain C (CysC), urea, creatinine (CREA), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and 24 hours urinary protein (PRO) were examined by automatic biochemical analyzer...

CONTEXT: Haff disease is a rare syndrome of myalgia and rhabdomyolysis occurring within 24h of consumption of certain types of cooked freshwater fish or crustacean. OBJECTIVE: The white blood cell count (WBC), plasma creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), CK-MB/CK, troponin T (cTnT) and creatinine (Cr) were analyzed as diagnostic markers for crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii )-associated rhabdomyolysis (Haff disease). The significance of these laboratory markers in differentiating myocardial injury disease and Haff disease was explored...

Measurements of 24-hour urinary sodium (24hrUNa) and potassium (24hrUK) excretion are useful in hypertensives but 24-hour urine collection may be difficult or unreliable. We compared three formulas (Tanaka, Kawasaki, Pan American Health Organization [PAHO]) proposed to estimate 24hrUNa and 24hrUK based on spot urine measurements. We studied 382 patients admitted to a hypertension unit. Sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels were measured using standard laboratory methods in a morning urine sample, followed by 24-hour urinary collection...

Historically, olive tree "Olea europaea" is one of the most important fruit trees in Mediterranean countries. Several studies suggest that olive leaf is a significant source of bioactive phenolic compounds compared to olive oil and fruits. This study was undertaken to investigate, the protective effect of the aqueous extract of « Chemlali » olive leaves against diclofenac-induced damages in liver and haematological alterations in swiss albinos mice. For this, twenty-eight mice were divided into four groups: a control group, a diclofenac-treated group (2...

In this study the possible mechanisms through which L-carnitine ameliorates the adverse effects of high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity on rats was evaluated. 56 Wister albino rats were randomly assigned into seven groups. Control rats fed basal diet. 2nd group fed basal diet and injected with L-carnitine 200 mg/kg i.p. 3rd group fed HFD. 4th group fed HFD and injected with L-Carnitine 200 mg/kg i.p for 8 weeks. 5th group fed HFD for 10 weeks. 6th group fed HFD for 10 weeks and injected with L-Carnitine 200 mg/kg i...

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is the second most common cause of invasive fungal infections in renal transplant recipients in many countries, and data on graft outcome after treatment for this infection is lacking in less-resourced health care settings. METHODS: Data from 47 renal transplant recipients were retrospectively collected at a single institution during a period of 13 years. Graft dysfunction, graft loss and mortality rates were evaluated. Predictors of mortality and graft loss were estimated...

BACKGROUND: The rate of measured GFR change in kidney donors years after donation has not been adequately addressed. Whether this change is accelerated in the setting of 1 kidney is also understudied. METHODS: 214 randomly selected donors underwent serial GFR measurements of nonradioactive iohexol. eGFR at each visit was calculated using the CKD EPI and MDRD study equations. RESULTS: GFR visits were 4.8 ±1.3 years apart and the second occurring 16...

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension-induced podocyte damage and the relationship with UAE is analyzed in diabetic and nondiabetic participants. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four hypertensive patients, 30 diabetics, with glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m were included. Urinary albumin excretion was measured in morning urine using a nephelometric immunoassay and expressed as albumin/creatinine ratio. Urinary pellets were obtained from fresh urine and mRNA was assessed by real-time quantitative PCR...

SCOPE: We evaluated the effect of the prebiotic fiber xylooligosaccharide (XOS) on kidney function and gut microbiome in mice with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHOD AND RESULTS: Mice were fed the control diet containing adenine for three weeks to induce CKD and switched to XOS supplemented (2 or 7%) or control diets for another 3 weeks. Mice with CKD exhibited increased BUN, creatinine and kidney histopathology. XOS significantly reversed kidney injuries in CKD mice...

RATIONALE: Exposure to inorganic arsenic, through drinking naturally-contaminated water, is an established cause of lung cancer. Evidence on the impact of arsenic exposure on lung function, however, is less conclusive. The evidence available, mostly from populations exposed to water arsenic levels >100 μg/L, suggests that arsenic exposure is associated with lower lung function. Prospective studies and studies examining low-to-moderate levels of water arsenic exposure (<50 μg/L) the level relevant for U...

BACKGROUND: Enterolignans are important biomarkers of microbiota diversity, with higher levels indicating greater diversity. Diet and inflammation have been shown to play a role in maintaining microbiota diversity. This study examined whether inflammatory potential of diet, as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII® ) has an impact on levels of urinary enterolignans in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2008. We also carried out construct validation of the DII with C-reactive protein (CRP)...

Background: Peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) is a relatively uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary TB. Early diagnosis of peritoneal TB is difficult because of its nonspecific clinical manifestation such as abdominal pain, fever, or ascites. Especially early after surgery of abdomen or pelvis, these symptoms can be misdiagnosed as septic peritonitis. There are few reports of peritoneal TB as a postoperative complication of laparoscopic surgery. Here, we describe a first case of peritoneal TB after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) with extended lymph node dissection...

Activation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) has been shown to attenuate excessive inflammation by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury; however, the underlying kidney-specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The protective action of α7nAChR against renal IR injury was investigated using a selective α7nAChR agonist and antagonist. α7nAChR activation reduced plasma creatinine levels and tubular cell damage, whereas α7nAChR inhibition aggravated the IR-induced phenotype...

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are growing burdens in rural communities worldwide. We have observed a high prevalence of diabetes among rural farming communities in India and sought to evaluate the association of non-traditional risk factors, such as metals, with diabetes and other cardiometabolic risk factors in this community. METHODS: Anthropometric measurements, chemistries and carotid intima-media thickness were determined in 865 participants of the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-Nallampatti Non-Communicable Disease Study-I (KMCH-NNCD-I, 2015), a cross-sectional study conducted in a farming village in South India...

The intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (iRAS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy. Urinary angiotensinogen (uAGT) levels reflect the activity of the iRAS and are altered in women with preeclampsia. Since Indigenous Australians suffer high rates and early onset of renal disease, we hypothesised that Indigenous Australian pregnant women, like non-Indigenous women with pregnancy complications, would have altered uAGT levels. The excretion of RAS proteins was measured in non-Indigenous and Indigenous Australian women with uncomplicated or complicated pregnancies (preeclampsia, diabetes/gestational diabetes, proteinuria/albuminuria, hypertension, small/large for gestational age, preterm birth), and in non-pregnant non-Indigenous women...

INTRODUCTION: Renal tubulo-interstitial damage has an important role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic nephropathy. Urinary biomarkers can help in the detection of early nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin-C in type 2 diabetic patients with early diabetic nephropathy & to compare them with diabetic patients without nephropathy and to correlate urinary NGAL and cystatin-C levels with microalbuminuria in them...