Fluids reposition

OBJECTIVE: To provide veterinarians with updated radiographic descriptions of select radiolucent foreign material in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. SAMPLE: 368 veterinarian respondents from the US. METHODS: An online survey was administered between June 18, 2023, and July 2, 2023, through a private veterinarian-based social media group. Representative commonly ingested foreign bodies were radiographed surrounded by air and water to simulate being within the gastrointestinal tract...

OBJECTIVE: Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is commonly utilized for identifying pathologic ICP in cases of traumatic brain injury; however, its utility in hydrocephalic children has not been elucidated. Although patients with typical (pressure-active) hydrocephalus present with clear signs and/or symptoms and the need for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion is often clear, others may have arrested or pressure-compensated hydrocephalus with pathologic ICP elevation masked by ambiguous signs or are completely asymptomatic...

Management of large acute corneal hydrops (ACH) has always been a challenge. Various medical and surgical management options have been used, such as topical steroids, cycloplegics, antiglaucoma medications, antibiotics, Descemet's membrane reposition, and pre-Descematic sutures, for the management of acute hydrops, but have shown limited benefit. We hereby describe a novel technique of appositional continuous overlay sutures along with air tamponade for surgical management of corneal edema following large ACH...

The endogenous incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) possess neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and anti-neuroinflammatory actions. The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin reduces degradation of endogenous GLP-1 and GIP, and, thereby, extends the circulation of these protective peptides. The current nonhuman primate (NHP) study evaluates whether human translational sitagliptin doses can elevate systemic and central nervous system (CNS) levels of GLP-1/GIP in naive, non-lesioned NHPs, in line with our prior rodent studies that demonstrated sitagliptin efficacy in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease (PD)...

OBJECTIVES: Canalith repositioning procedures to treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are often applied following standardized criteria, without considering the possible anatomical singularities of the membranous labyrinth for each individual. As a result, certain patients may become refractory to the treatment due to significant deviations from the ideal membranous labyrinth, that was considered when the maneuvers were designed. This study aims to understand the dynamics of the endolymphatic fluid and otoconia, within the membranous labyrinth geometry, which may contribute to the ineffectiveness of the Epley maneuver...

BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic blood contamination during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) centesis is common, which can limit the diagnostic usefulness of the sample. A novel ultrasound-guided CSF collection technique is described in horses, by which CSF is obtained from the atlantoaxial (AA) space. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To compare ultrasound-guided AA centesis with lumbosacral (LS) centesis in South American camelids (SAC). The hypotheses were that AA centesis would yield samples with less blood contamination although being technically more challenging than LS centesis...

INTRODUCTION: Due to the segmented functions and complexity of the human brain, the characterization of molecular profiles within specific areas such as brain structures and biofluids is essential to unveil the molecular basis for structure specialization as well as the molecular imbalance associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. AREAS COVERED: Much of our knowledge about brain functionality derives from neurophysiological, anatomical, and transcriptomic approaches...

OBJECTIVE: Abdominal CSF pseudocysts are an uncommon but challenging complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Pseudocysts consist of a loculated intraperitoneal compartment that inadequately absorbs CSF and may be infected or sterile at diagnosis. The treatment goal is to clear infection if present, reduce inflammation, and reestablish long-term function in an absorptive (intraperitoneal) space. This aim of this paper was to study the efficacy of primary laparoscopic repositioning of the distal shunt catheter for treatment of sterile abdominal CSF pseudocysts...

BACKGROUND: Adhesive small bowel obstruction is one of the most common causes of surgical emergencies, representing about 15% of hospital admissions. Defining the need and timing of surgical intervention still remains a challenge. AIMS: To report the experience of using meglumine-based water-soluble contrast in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, comparing with the world literature. METHODS: Patients suspected of having adhesive small bowel obstruction, according to their clinical conditions, underwent an established protocol, consisting of the administration of water-soluble contrast, followed by plain abdominal radiograph within 12 hours and by a new clinical evaluation...

BACKGROUND: This report describes the use of a novel approach to address acute sinking skin flap syndrome (SSFS), a postcraniectomy complication arising from brain dysfunction beneath the skull defect. The authors present a case series of two patients, emphasizing the prospective application of an external plaster cast in tandem with a vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) device (wound VAC) to promptly reposition the scalp and relieve brain compression. OBSERVATIONS: Following intervention, one patient showed immediate neurological improvement, with complete resolution of symptoms within hours...

BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistulas (CVFs) are increasingly identified as a cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Lateral decubitus digital subtraction myelography (LD-DSM) and CT myelography (LD-CTM) are mainly used for detection, but the most sensitive method is yet unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare LD-DSM with LD-CTM for diagnostic yield of CVFs. METHODS: Patients with SIH diagnosed with a CVF between January 2021 and December 2022 in which the area of CVF(s) was covered by both diagnostic modalities were included...

PURPOSE: Persistence or recurrence of stress urinary incontinence (prSUI) after artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation may be secondary to non-mechanical failure (NOMECA). It have for long been assumed to result from urethral atrophy. Its existence is now debated. As the pathophysiology of NOMECA is not elucidated, the most appropriate management remains unclear. We aimed to compare the several revision techniques for NOMECA of AUS in men. METHODS: NOMECA was defined as prSUI, with normally functioning device, no erosion, infection or fluid loss...

PURPOSE: In this article, submacular autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation technique is presented in patients with large macular hole (MH) accompanying retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: In the surgical procedure, 23-G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and peripheral vitrectomy were carried out. An autologous neurosensory retinal patch, which should be larger than the diameter of the MH, was released from a suitable quadrant. The retinal patch was grasped with 23 Gauge micro forceps and then passed through the MH and placed under the macula...

Heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is a member of the chaperonin family of heat shock proteins (HSPs), primarily found in the mitochondrial matrix. As a molecular chaperone, Hsp60 plays an essential role in mediating protein folding and assembly, and together with the co-chaperon Hsp10, it is thought to maintain protein homeostasis. Recently, it has been found to localize in non-canonical, extra-mitochondrial sites such as cell membranes or extracellular fluids, particularly in pathological conditions. Starting from its biological function, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential involvement of Hsp60 in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which are known to share impaired key pathways and molecular dysfunctions...

BACKGROUND: In the past few years, the Canary Islands received immigrants from sub-Saharan countries that arrive to the coast after long boat trips in extreme adverse conditions. The named «trench foot» is a previously described infectious entity developed after feet wounds that get infected by being in contact with water, urine and excrements in these small and crowded boats. We describe a new clinical entity, not published yet, that consists in massive edema in the extremities associating necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue that characteristically respects the muscle and with a non-infectious etiology...

PURPOSE: An inverted ILM flap might be accidentally separated from the retina or sucked away during surgery for large macular holes (MHs). This article is to determine the efficacy of a new inverted pedicled internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap attached to an optic disc with an autologous blood clot (ABC) technique for the treatment of large MHs. METHODS: An inverted pedicled ILM flap connected to the optic disc with ABC was used to treat 12 consecutive patients with significant macular holes (>600 m)...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to study the effect of in situ bone flap (ISBF) repositioning, a recently proposed rigid skull base reconstruction technique, on patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma undergoing endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). METHOD: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 188 patients with pituitary adenomas who underwent EEA from February 2018 to September 2022. Patients were divided into the ISBF group and non-ISBF group, according to whether ISBF was used during skull base reconstruction...

Otosyphilis is a rare cause of audiovestibular dysfunction that can easily be misdiagnosed. Here, we report a rare case in which a patient presented with secondary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) 2 weeks after symptoms of otosyphilis appeared. The Dix-Hallpike test showed a classical response in the head-hanging left position. The patient was treated with intravenous penicillin G and the canalith repositioning maneuver, which completely resolved the vertigo. The patient's audiovestibular symptoms resolved gradually...

Following a recent cervical laminectomy, a 67-year-old female patient exhibited the development of neck pain and torticollis after a coughing episode. On physical examination, manifestations of neck pain, stiffness, and 4/5 quadriparesis were noted. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings indicated the presence of herniation of the cervical medulla, accompanied by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Consequently, surgical intervention was performed to reposition the herniated cord within its original subarachnoid space, thereby averting potential recurrence...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Feeding jejunostomy (FJ) is one of the frequently performed surgical procedures for enteral nutrition, but intussusception a very rare complication with quite challenging clinical outcome. It symbolizes a surgical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis. ABSTRACT: Feeding jejunostomy (FJ) is a minor surgical intervention, which might lead to consequences that are potentially fatal. Mechanical issues such as infection, tube dislocation or migration, electrolyte and fluid imbalances, as well as complaints of gastrointestinal tract, are the most frequent consequences...