acute kidney injury mortality

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of 5 major cause-specific non-cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-cancer deaths with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). METHODS: Patients were 36,645 men (43.3±9.3 years) free of known CVD and cancer at baseline who completed a maximal treadmill graded exercise test during a preventive examination at the Cooper Clinic (Dallas, Texas) between 1971 and 2003. CRF was quantified as maximal treadmill exercise test duration and grouped as low (referent), moderate, and high...

Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare inherited disease due to the mutation of the ATP7B gene, resulting in impaired hepatic copper excretion and its pathological accumulation in various organs such as the liver, the nervous system, or the kidneys. Whereas liver failure and neuropsychiatric disorders are the most common features, less is known about the renal complications. We conducted a review of the literature to define the characteristics and pathophysiology of kidney involvement during WD. This review shed light on strong evidence for direct copper toxicity to renal tubular cells...

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare vasculitis that can pose a significant mortality risk given its multiorgan involvement and is the most common of the three anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides. Cardinal pathological features include necrotizing granulomas of the respiratory tract, small and medium vessel vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis. Early treatment is imperative to reduce permanent organ damage such as end-stage kidney disease. We describe the first case of GPA relapse 38 years after the initial pulmonary presentation...

OBJECTIVE: A single centre experience with chylothorax in post cardiac surgical patients. METHODS: Retrospective review. RESULTS: Chylothorax developed in 55 out of 873 operated patients (6.3%). Median age of the chylothorax cohort was 95 days (range 1-995). Neonates constituted 36% and 49% were infants. Group-1(35 patients-treated during the years 2011-2015) included those who were managed with low fat diet initially with other standard measures including steroid, octreotide, pleurodesis, lymphangiogram or thoracic duct ligation whenever required...

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative complications pose significant challenges in cardiac surgery and with the evolution of selenium as a potential anti-inflammatory agent, some studies reported its inefficiency. Thus, we conducted our meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of selenium supplementation on cardiac surgery patients. METHODS: Different databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception till January 2024 were searched identifying a total of seven randomized-controlled trials involving selenium supplementation after cardiac surgery...

INTRODUCTION: Pheochromocytoma is a rare cause of hypertensive emergency. The objective of this analysis was to compare the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with hypertensive emergencies with and without co-existing pheochromocytoma. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database from 2016 to 2020 was conducted, encompassing 640,395 patients hospitalized for hypertensive emergencies, including 2,535 patients diagnosed with pheochromocytoma...

OBJECTIVE: This single center retrospective study aimed to describe the variables associated with outpatient dialysis dependence in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients who needed continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for acute kidney injury (AKI) during their hospitalization. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients who required ECMO-CRRT. RESULTS: Between the years of 2016 and 2022, 202 patients required ECMO-CRRT. One hundred and six patients (52...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-known predictor for poor postoperative outcomes of vascular surgery. However, the association between obesity and outcomes of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the roles of obesity in the outcomes of TEVAR. METHODS: We systematically searched the Web of Science and PubMed databases to obtain articles regarding obesity and TEVAR that were published before July 2023...

BACKGROUND: Owing to the minimally invasive nature of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), TAVR seems to be preferred in patients with cancer; however, related research on the clinical efficacy and safety of TAVR in patients with cancer and severe aortic stenosis is limited, and conclusions are controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with cancer who underwent TAVR. METHOD AND RESULTS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the clinical outcomes in patients with and without cancer who underwent TAVR...

BACKGROUND: We performed an analysis of a large intensive care unit electronic database to provide preliminary estimates of various blood pressure parameters in patients with acute stroke receiving intravenous (IV) antihypertensive medication and determine the relationship with in-hospital outcomes. METHODS: We identified the relationship between pre-treatment and post-treatment systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR)-related variables and in-hospital mortality and acute kidney injury in patients with acute stroke receiving IV clevidipine, nicardipine, or nitroprusside using data provided in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database...

Acute kidney injury is a common complication of decompensated cirrhosis, frequently requires hospitalization, and carries a high short-term mortality. This population experiences several characteristic types of acute kidney injury: hypovolemic-mediated (prerenal), ischemic/nephrotoxic-mediated (acute-tubular necrosis), and hepatorenal syndrome. Prerenal acute kidney injury is treated with volume resuscitation. Acute-tubular necrosis is treated by optimizing perfusion pressure and discontinuing the offending agent...

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a feared complication in patients with advanced cirrhosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While recognized as a distinct physiologic condition for well over one hundred years, a lack of objective diagnostic tests has made the diagnosis one of exclusion. Since 1979, multiple sets of diagnostic criteria have been proposed. Though varying in detail, the principal intent of these criteria is to identify patients with severe, functional acute kidney injury that is unresponsive to volume resuscitation and exclude those with structural injury...

BACKGROUND: Most cardiac surgery clinical prediction models (CPMs) are developed using pre-operative variables to predict post-operative outcomes. Some CPMs are developed with intra-operative variables, but none are widely used. The objective of this systematic review was to identify CPMs with intra-operative variables that predict short-term outcomes following adult cardiac surgery. METHODS: Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from inception to December 2022, for studies developing a CPM with at least one intra-operative variable...

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is a therapeutic intervention for acute cholecystitis. The benefits of cholecystostomy have been demonstrated in the medical literature, with up to 90% of acute cholecystitis cases shown to resolve postoperatively, and only 40% of patients subsequently undergoing an interval cholecystectomy. PURPOSE: To compare the survival outcomes between acute complicated and uncomplicated cholecystitis in patients undergoing PC as an initial intervention, as there is a paucity of evidence in the literature on this perspective...

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces organic damage mainly through the patient's immune overreaction. Hemoperfusion (HPF) can remove inflammatory cytokines and can reduce the negative effects of cytokine storm in COVID-19. We compared the mortality rate, inflammatory response, and acute kidney injury (AKI) prevalence among patients suffering from respiratory insufficiency secondary to COVID-19 treated with and without HPF with HA330 cartridge. METHODS: Mortality rate, serum creatinine, and ferritin values were compared between patients suffering from respiratory insufficiency secondary to COVID-19 who received conventional treatment and another group of patients who additionally received four sessions of HPF with HA330...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality caused by various factor. The specific strategies for AKI are still lacking. GSK3β is widely expressed in the kidneys. In acute models of injury, GSK3β promotes the systemic inflammatory response, increases the proinflammatory release of cytokines, induces apoptosis, and alters cell proliferation. We screened a series of 3-(4-pyridyl)-5-(4-sulfamido-phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives which are recognized as new GSK3β inhibitors, and found that 5n had the least toxicity and the best cell protection...

Despite a 30% decline in the rate over the last decade, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains a common major surgical procedure with significant morbidity and mortality. Chronic liver disease (CLD) patients, with increased survival rates due to medical advancements, are now frequently being considered for CABG, bearing higher perioperative risks. This study investigates the association between CLD and in-hospital outcomes in CABG patients using retrospective data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2020) including 7,945 CLD patients undergoing CABG that were propensity score matched with an equivalent number of patients with no CLD undergoing CABG...

BACKGROUND: Severe inflammation and oxidative stress are characteristics of sepsis-associated kidney injury with high morbidity and mortality. Eriocitrin (ERI) has shown promise in suppressing sepsis-associated kidney injury and LPS-induced periodontal disease, however, its efficacy in alleviating SAKI remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of ERI on SAKI through in vivo and in vitro experiments, elucidating its underlying mechanism. METHODS: The therapeutic effects of ERI against SAKI were evaluated by survival rate, changes of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and statistic of renal histological score in a Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice...

OBJECTIVE: This multicentre study aimed to assess the early and midterm outcomes of fenestrated physician modified endografts (PMEGs) for endovascular aortic arch repair in zone 0. METHODS: Between 2018 and 2022, a retrospective study was conducted in three centres of consecutive patients undergoing endovascular aortic arch repair in zone 0 with PMEGs. Endpoints included technical success, 30 day mortality, major adverse events, secondary interventions, stent stability, target vessel patency, and overall survival...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:  To determine the predictive value of Emergency Surgery Score (ESS) with regard to mortality and morbidity rates of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. METHOD: The ESS ranging from 0 to 29 is an extensive risk calculator based on 22 variables including important parameters like demographics, preoperative treatment, comorbidities, and laboratory values. Twenty patients who underwent emergency laparotomy were preoperatively assessed and ESS was calculated for each...