burkholderia

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Regular monitoring of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics in clinical settings is key for ascertaining the current trends as well as re-establish empirical therapy. This study aimed to determine bacterial contaminants and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from medical equipment, inanimate surfaces and clinical samples obtained from Thika Level V Hospital (TLVH), Thika, in Central Kenya. Three hundred and five samples were collected between the period of March 2021 to November 2021 and comprised urine, pus swabs, catheter swabs, stool, and environmental samples...

BACKGROUND: Bacterial panicle blight, incited by Burkholderia glumae, has impacted rice production globally. Despite its significance, knowledge about the disease and the virulence pattern of the causal agent is very limited. Bacterial panicle blight is a major challenge in the rice-growing belts of North-western India, resulting in yield reduction. However, the management of B. glumae has become a challenge due to the lack of proper management strategies. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS: Twenty-one BG strains have been characterized using the 16S rRNA and the gyrB gene-based sequence approach in the present study...

UNLABELLED: Fungal phytopathogens cause significant reductions in agricultural yields annually, and overusing chemical fungicides for their control leads to environmental pollution and the emergence of resistant pathogens. Exploring natural isolates with strong antagonistic effects against pathogens can improve our understanding of their ecology and develop new treatments for the future. We isolated and characterized a novel bacterial strain associated with the species Burkholderia cenocepacia , termed APO9, which strongly inhibits Zymoseptoria tritici , a commercially important pathogenic fungus causing Septoria tritici blotch in wheat...

BACKGROUND: Spodoptera frugiperda (FAW) is a pest that poses a significant threat to corn production worldwide, causing millions of dollars in losses. The species has evolved into two strains (corn and rice) that differ in their genetics, reproductive isolation, and resistance to insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. The microbiota plays an important role in insects' physiology, nutrient acquisition, and response to chemical and biological controls. Several studies have been carried out on FAW microbiota from larvae guts using laboratory or field samples and a couple of studies have analyzed the corn strain microbiota across its life cycle...

Melioidosis is an emerging tropical infection caused by inhalation, inoculation, or ingestion of the flagellated, facultatively intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei . The melioidosis case fatality rate is often high, and pneumonia, the most common presentation, doubles the risk of death. The alveolar macrophage is a sentinel pulmonary host defense cell, but the human alveolar macrophage in B. pseudomallei infection has never been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the host-pathogen interaction of B...

OBJECTIVES: Burkholderia species infections are associated with diverse and challenging clinical presentations because of distinct virulence and antimicrobial resistance factors. The study aims to evaluate the epidemiology, microbiological, and clinical outcomes of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) infections in non-cystic fibrosis (CF) patients from Qatar. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on adult patients across all hospitals at Hamad Medical Corporation between January 2012 and December 2018 to evaluate clinically relevant Bcc in non-CF adult patients...

Milpa is an agroecological production system based on the polyculture of plant species, with corn featuring as a central component. Traditionally, the milpa system does not require the application of chemicals, and so pest attacks and poor growth in poor soils can have adverse effects on its production. Therefore, the application of bioinoculants could be a strategy for improving crop growth and health; however, the effect of external inoculant agents on the endemic microbiota associated with corn has not been extensively studied...

Fusarium head blight (FHB), predominantly caused by Fusarium graminearum and F. asiaticum, is a significant fungal disease impacting small-grain cereals. The absence of highly resistant cultivars underscores the need for vigilant FHB surveillance to mitigate its detrimental effects. In 2023, a notable FHB outbreak occurred in the southern region of Korea. We assessed FHB disease severity by quantifying infected spikelets and grains. Isolating fungal pathogens from infected samples often encounters interference from various microorganisms...

There are limited case reports on individuals infected with Burkholderia cepacia who do not have typical risk factors, particularly pregnant women with beta-thalassemia. A 34-year-old pregnant female with beta-thalassemia trait and hypertension was admitted to the hospital. The patient was diagnosed with eclampsia and underwent a cesarean section. After two days following the surgery, the patient experienced hospitality-acquired pneumonia. B . cepacia was isolated from blood cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated sensitivity to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin...

BACKGROUND: Melioidosis, caused by the category B biothreat agent Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a disease with a high mortality rate and requires an immediate culture-independent diagnosis for effective disease management. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive qPCR assay for specific detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei and melioidosis disease diagnosis based on a novel target sequence. METHODS: An extensive in-silico analysis was done to identify a novel and highly conserved sequence for developing a qPCR assay...

Melioidosis is a life-threatening, emerging infectious disease caused by the environmental bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Melioidosis is hyperendemic in tropical Australia and southeast Asia, however the disease is increasingly encountered beyond these regions. Early diagnosis is essential as the infection has a case-fatality rate of up to 50%. Melioidosis most commonly involves the lungs, although almost any organ can be affected. Most patients present acutely but an insidious presentation over weeks to months is also well described...

BACKGROUND: Fever is the most frequent symptom in patients seeking care in South and Southeast Asia. The introduction of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria continues to drive patient management and care. Malaria-negative cases are commonly treated with antibiotics without confirmation of bacteraemia. Conventional laboratory tests for differential diagnosis require skilled staff and appropriate access to healthcare facilities. In addition, introducing single-disease RDTs instead of conventional laboratory tests remains costly...

Common walkingstick ( Diapheromera femorata ) aqueous extract (CWSAE) can induce the synthesis of useful bionanomaterials. CWSAE is rich in water-soluble organic compounds such as proteins and polypeptides that function as reducing/stabilizing agents for nanoparticle formation from Ag+ ion precursors. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited a moderately uniform size, with the majority falling within the range of 20-80 nm. These AgNPs were UV-treated and tested as antibacterial agents to inhibit the growth of four pathogenic bacteria ( Burkholderia cenocepacia K-56, Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and Staphylococcus aureus USA300), as well as one common bacterium ( Escherichia coli BW25113)...

INTRODUCTION: Melioidosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei , is a disease endemic in many tropical countries globally. Clinical presentation is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal septicemia, and thus the outcome of infection can depend on the host immune responses. The aims of this study were to firstly, characterize the macrophage immune response to B. pseudomallei and secondly, to determine whether the immune response was modified in the presence of novel inhibitors targeting the virulence factor, the macrophage infectivity potentiator (Mip) protein...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are being used as a new generation of biofertilizers to increase plant growth by improving plant nutrition and bio-protection. However, because of the obligatory nature of the plant host, large-scale multiplication of AM propagules is challenging, which limits its applicability. This study evaluates the ability of Burkholderia arboris to increase AM production in soybean mill waste and vermicompost amended by soil-sand mixture planted with sorghum as a host plant. The experiment was conducted in a nursery using a completely randomized design with four inoculation treatments (B...

BACKGROUND: Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. Direct molecular detection from unamplified blood remains insensitive. METHODS: Three different extraction methods-QIAamp UCP Pathogen Mini Kit, High Pure PCR template and MagNA Pure Pathogen Universal-were trialled using spiked human ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood. A type III secretion system 1 (TTSS-1) polymerase chain reaction was used for detection. RESULTS: The QIAamp UCP Pathogen Mini Kit performed best, with a limit of detection of 1...

The Burkholderia glumae bacterium causes bacterial grain rot in rice, posing significant threats to the crop's yield, particularly thriving during the rice flowering and grain filling stages. This disease is especially evident in rice grains before harvest, presenting challenges in the detection and classification of rice panicles. Firstly, diseased grains may mix with healthy ones, complicating their separation. Secondly, the size of grains on a panicle varies from small to large, which can be problematic when detected using object detection methods...

The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of increasingly multi-drug resistant opportunistic bacteria. This resistance is driven through a combination of intrinsic factors and the carriage of a broad range of conjugative plasmids harbouring virulence determinants. Therefore, novel treatments are required to treat and prevent further spread of these virulence determinants. In the search for phages infective for clinical Bcc isolates, CSP1 phage, a PRD1-like phage was isolated. CSP1 phage was found to require pilus machinery commonly encoded on conjugative plasmids to facilitate infection of Gram-negative bacteria genera including Escherichia and Pseudomonas...

Rubber wastewater contains variable low pH with a high load of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, suspended solids, high biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Ureolytic and biofilm-forming bacterial strains Bacillus sp. OS26, Bacillus cereus OS36, Lysinibacillus macroides ST13, and Burkholderia multivorans DF12 were isolated from rubber processing centres showed high urease activity. Microscopic analyses evaluated the structural organization of biofilm. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix of the biofilm of the strains showed the higher abundance of polysaccharides and lipids which help in the attachment and absorption of nutrients...