High density

The development of large-scale, high-quality ferroelectric semiconductor nanowire arrays with interesting light-emitting properties can address limitations in traditional wide-bandgap ferroelectrics, thus serving as building blocks for innovative device architectures and next-generation high-density optoelectronics. Here, we investigate the optical properties of ferroelectric CsGeX3 (X = Br, I) halide perovskite nanowires that are epitaxially grown on muscovite mica substrates by vapor phase deposition. Detailed structural characterizations reveal an incommensurate heteroepitaxial relationship with the mica substrate...

Low-temperature large-area growth of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is critical for their integration with silicon chips. Especially, if the growth temperatures can be lowered below the back-end-of-line (BEOL) processing temperatures, the Si transistors can interface with 2D devices (in the back end) to enable high-density heterogeneous circuits. Such configurations are particularly useful for neuromorphic computing applications where a dense network of neurons interacts to compute the output...

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) suffer from sharp cycling deterioration due to serious interfacial side reactions and corrosion problems on the zinc anode. Herein, an efficacious approach to construct hydrophobic ZnMoO4 coatings on Zn (denoted as Zn@ZMO) is proposed to mitigate direct contact between the zinc anode and electrolyte and enhance its cycle life. The hydrophobic ZnMoO4 layer (contact angle = 128°) with a honeycomb-like structure is prepared by an in situ liquid phase deposition method. The as-prepared ZnMoO4 coating exhibits persistent corrosion protection for Zn through 30 days of immersion in a 2 M ZnSO4 electrolyte, indicating excellent stability of the ZnMoO4 layer and ensuring its available application in AZIBs...

Because of their high theoretical energy density, metal-CO2 batteries based on Li, Na, or K have attracted increasing attention recently for meeting the growing demands of CO2 recycling and conversion into electrical energy. However, the scarcity of active anode material resources, high cost, as well as safety concerns of Li, Na, and K create obstacles for practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time a high-efficiency (η = 77.2%) rechargeable Fe-CO2 battery that is composed of iron (Fe) anode and MoS2 -catalysts deposited carbon cathode...

The fovea is a highly specialized region of the central retina, defined by an absence of inner retinal layers and the accompanying vasculature, an increased density of cone photoreceptors, a near absence of rod photoreceptors, and unique private-line photoreceptor to midget ganglion cell circuitry. These anatomical specializations support high-acuity vision in humans. While direct study of foveal shape and size is routinely performed using optical coherence tomography, examination of the other anatomical specializations of the fovea has only recently become possible using an array of adaptive optics (AO)-based imaging tools...

The control of spin relaxation mechanisms is of great importance for spintronics applications as well as for fundamental studies. Layered metal-halide perovskites represent an emerging class of semiconductors with rich optical spin physics, showing potential for spintronic applications. However, a major hurdle arises in layered metal-halide perovskites with strong spin-orbit coupling, where the spin lifetime becomes extremely short due to D'yakonov-Perel' scattering and Bir-Aronov-Pikus at high carrier density...

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most promising high-energy density secondary batteries due to their high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg-1 . However, the sluggish kinetics and severe "shuttle effect" of polysulfides are the well-known barriers that hinder their practical applications. A carefully designed catalytic host of sulfur may be an effective strategy that not only accelerates the conversion of polysulfides but also limit their dissolution to mitigate the "shuttle effect." Herein, in situ surface-phosphided Ni0...

Dual-state emissive (DSE) materials exhibit fluorescence in both solid and solution states and have become an emerging material in the fields of materials science and sensing in recent years. However, due to the lack of effective and universal preparation methods, DSE materials, especially those with long emission wavelengths, are still scarce. Developing an effective method for constructing such DSE molecules is urgently needed. In this study, we constructed three DSE molecules ( NRP-Boc , DCIP-Boc , and DCMP-Boc ) with far-red to near-infrared fluorescence by simply modifying three traditional aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) fluorophores with tert -butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) groups...

To prevent obesity and diabetes environmental interventions such as eliminating food deserts, restricting proliferation of food swamps, and improving park access are essential. In the United States, however, studies that examine the food and park access relationship with obesity and diabetes using both global and local regression are lacking. To guide county, state, and federal policy in combating obesity and diabetes, there is a need for cross-scale analyses to identify that relationship at national and local levels...

In various diseases characterized by inflammation, the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) serves as a marker of inflammation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently complicated by diabetic neuropathy (DN) and timely diagnosis is crucial for treatment and potential reversal of this complication. Since both DN and T2DM are associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation, our study aimed to evaluate CAR levels in type 2 diabetic subjects with DN and compare them to those in subjects without DN. Patients presenting to our institutional outpatient clinics were divided into two groups based on the presence of DN...

In this paper, a bimetallic Na0.13 Mg0.02 V2 O5 ·0.98H2 O (NMVO) material with an interlayer spacing of 11.67 Å was synthesized by a simple preintercalation method as a cathode for zinc ionic batteries (ZIBs). The large layer spacing provides a wide channel for the embedding of Zn2+ , resulting in high reversible capacity and ion diffusion kinetics. In addition, by virtue of the high electronic conductivity of metal ions, NMVO exhibits excellent electronic conductivity under the combined action of Na+ and Mg2+ bimetallic intercalation...

Designing and developing high-performance shielding materials against electromagnetic interference is of utmost importance due to the rapid advancement of wireless telecommunication technologies. Such materials hold both fundamental and technological significance. A three-stage process is presented for creating ultralight, flexible aerogels from biomass to shield against electromagnetic interference. Collagen fibers sourced from leather solid waste are used for: (i) freeze-drying preparation of collagen fibers/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aerogels, (ii) adsorption of silver nanowires (AgNWs) onto collagen fiber/PVA aerogels, and (iii) Hydrophobic modification of collagen fiber/PVA/AgNWs aerogels with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (POTS)...

Cycling aging is the one of the main reasons affecting the lifetime of lithium-ion batteries and the contribution of aluminum current collector corrosion to the ageing is not fully recognized. In general, aluminum is corrosion resistant to electrolyte since a non-permeable surface film of alumina is naturally formed. However, corrosion of aluminum current collector can still occur under certain conditions such as lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)-based electrolyte or high voltage. Herein, we investigates the corrosion of aluminum current collector in the electrolyte of 1...

IMPORTANCE: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common health condition that predisposes individuals to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and disproportionately affects Black and other racially and ethnically minoritized people. Concurrently, Black individuals also report more exposure to racial discrimination compared with White individuals; however, the role of discrimination in the development of MetS over time and associated mediators in these pathways remain underexplored. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between racial discrimination and MetS in rural Black individuals transitioning from late adolescence into early adulthood and to identify potential mediating pathways...

How the resource use by consumers vary in different environments and time scales is one of the fundamental ecological questions. Replicated field studies are rare, however; so the extent to which nutrient use varies and why is uncertain. We studied an endangered tyrphobiotic species, the black bog ant (Formica picea), and its feeding preferences in temperate peatlands. We conducted a baiting experiment at three different sites with high nest densities, repeated over three years and three periods of growing season...

Exploring high-efficiency photocatalysts for selective CO2 reduction is still challenging because of the limited charge separation and surface reactions. In this study, a noble-metal-free metallic VSe2 nanosheet was incorporated on g-C3 N4 to serve as an electron capture and transfer center, activating surface active sites for highly efficient and selective CO2 photoreduction. Quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS), and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS) unveiled that VSe2 could capture electrons, which are further transferred to the surface for activating active sites...

Melanoma has the highest propensity among solid tumors to metastasize to the brain. Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are a leading cause of death in melanoma and affect 40-60% of patients with late-stage disease. Therefore, uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind MBM is necessary to enhance therapeutic interventions. Vascular mimicry (VM) is a form of neovascularization linked to invasion, increased risk of metastasis, and poor prognosis in many tumor types, but its significance in MBM remains poorly understood...

Land use and land cover (LULC) analysis gives important information on how the region has evolved over time. Kerala, a land with an extensive and dynamic history of land-use changes, has, until now, lacked comprehensive investigations into this history. So the current study focuses on Kerala, one of the ecologically diverse states in India with complex topography, through Landsat images taken from 1990 to 2020 using two different machine learning classifications, random forest (RF) and classification and regression trees (CART) on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform...

BACKGROUND: Susac syndrome (SS) describes an endotheliopathy of vessels in the central nervous system. Retinal involvement plays a central role in the manifestation of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This case-control study investigated the macular microvasculature in patients with chronic SS compared to controls using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 12 eyes of 12 patients with SS were compared with age-matched healthy control subjects with regard to their OCT angiographic parameters...

Creating structural defects in a controlled manner within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) poses a significant challenge for synthesis, and concurrently, identifying the types and distributions of these defects is also a formidable task for characterization. In this study, we demonstrate that by employing 2-sulfonylterephthalic acid as the ligand for synthesizing Zr (or Hf)-based MOFs, a crystal phase transformation from the common fcu topology to the rare jmt topology can be easily facilitated using a straightforward mixed-solvent strategy...