Patricia B Pavlinac, James Platts-Mills, Jie Liu, Hannah E Atlas, Jean Gratz, Darwin Operario, Elizabeth Rogawski McQuade, Dilruba Ahmed, Tahmeed Ahmed, Tahmina Alam, Per Ashorn, Henry Badji, Rajiv Bahl, Naor Bar-Zeev, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Jen Cornick, Aishwarya Chauhan, Ayesha De Costa, Saikat Deb, Usha Dhingra, Queen Dube, Christopher P Duggan, Bridget Freyne, Wilson Gumbi, Aneeta Hotwani, Mamun Kabir, Ohedul Islam, Furqan Kabir, Irene Kasumba, Upendo Kibwana, Karen L Kotloff, Shaila S Khan, Victor Maiden, Karim Manji, Ashka Mehta, Latif Ndeketa, Ira Praharaj, Farah Naz Qamar, Sunil Sazawal, Jonathon Simon, Benson O Singa, Sarah Somji, Samba O Sow, Milagritos D Tapia, Caroline Tigoi, Aliou Toure, Judd L Walson, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Eric R Houpt
BACKGROUND: Bacterial pathogens cause substantial diarrhea morbidity and mortality among children living in endemic settings, yet antimicrobial treatment is only recommended for dysentery or suspected cholera. METHODS: AntiBiotics for Children with severe Diarrhea was a 7-country placebo-controlled double-blind efficacy trial of azithromycin in children 2-23 months of age with watery diarrhea accompanied by dehydration or malnutrition. We tested fecal samples for enteric pathogens utilizing quantitative PCR and employed pathogen-specific cutoffs based on genomic target quantity in previous case control diarrhea etiology studies to identify likely and possible bacterial etiologies...
July 5, 2023: Journal of Infectious Diseases