Milk formula malnutrition children

In emergencies, infants and young children are at risk of morbidity and mortality, which is increased by malnutrition. Environmental factors, food insecurity, household needs, misconceptions regarding breastfeeding, uncontrolled distribution of breast-milk substitutes, and psychological trauma make it difficult to implement proper feeding practices during disasters. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of infectious diseases and mortality in emergencies and is the safest way of feeding. Therefore, breastfeeding should be supported and promoted under all circumstances...

OBJECTIVES: Formulas made from hydrolyzed rice proteins (HRPF) are well-tolerated plant-based alternatives to cow's milk protein (CMP)-based formulas for the dietary management of paediatric patients with CMP allergy (CMPA). Growth in patients with CMPA fed with HRPF has been evaluated in several studies with conflicting results. The aim was to evaluate the growth pattern of children with CMPA over a 12-month follow-up period. METHODS: Prospective cohort study evaluating growth patterns in challenge proven CMPA paediatric patients receiving HRPF for 12 months...

INTRODUCTION: in developing countries, diarrhea is a major cause of child death among those under five years old. Dehydration, malnutrition, delayed physical development and early childhood mortality are the major consequences of diarrheal diseases. In Somaliland, diarrheal diseases have been endemic and a major problem since 1994, with epidemics occurring annually. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of acute diarrhea among children under five years old living in Hargeisa Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), Somaliland...

Worldwide, nearly 200 million children younger than 5 years old suffer from stunting and wasting, 2 different types of undernutrition. Moreover, 45% of deaths among children in that age group are associated with these conditions. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) refers to children with a weight-for-height z score < -3, a midupper arm circumference < 115 mm, or the presence of bilateral edema, and is especially prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. Undernutrition in children can have a major impact on both their physical and cognitive development...

BACKGROUND: Food allergies affect growth in children by decreasing the availability of nutrients through decreased dietary intake, increased dietary needs, food-medication interactions, and psychosocial burden. Guidelines on food allergy management frequently recommend nutrition counseling and growth monitoring of children with food allergies. OBJECTIVE: To provide clear guidance for clinicians to identify children with food allergies who are at nutritional risk and ensure prompt intervention...

In 2020, 149.2 million children worldwide under 5 years suffered from stunting, and 45.4 million experienced wasting. Many infants are born already stunted, while others are at high risk for growth faltering early after birth. Growth faltering is linked to transgenerational impacts of poverty and marginalization. Few interventions address growth faltering in infants under 6 months, despite a likely increasing prevalence due to the negative global economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Breastfeeding is a critical intervention to alleviate malnutrition and improve child health outcomes, but rarely receives adequate attention in growth faltering interventions...

Children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) frequently experience feeding intolerance and diminished growth. Although splicing modulators to prevent symptoms are available worldwide, adequate nutrition to support growth, development, and improved quality of life remains essential. We present a case study of a one-year-old malnourished male with SMA type I who achieved improved growth and feeding tolerance with a human milk (HM)-derived nutrition intervention. Despite feeding with appropriately balanced semielemental formula, he remained severely malnourished after two months of hospitalization...

India is a low-middle income country with a population of 1.4 billion and home to one quarter of the world's children. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months and continued breastfeeding until at least 2 years as per global recommendations are common practice. The Indian government and associated organisations have strived to protect breastfeeding, which is important in a country with high under-5 mortality, malnutrition and stunting. Allergic disease is under-recognised in India, but despite the absence of a dedicated allergy medical specialty, awareness of allergy is increasing among healthcare practitioners and in the general population...

BACKGROUND: Globally 3.8 million of children under 6 month of age are severely wasted. In Yemen, around 20% of children under 6 months were affected by malnutrition during the armed conflict in the last 7 years. Supplementary suckling may reestablish exclusive breastfeeding in infant less than 6 months of age with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). This study aimed to determine the outcomes of employing supplementary suckling technique in treatment of uncomplicated SAM infants in a conflict-affected community...

Neonates and children are more vulnerable to the negative impact of flood-related changes and may have a variety of detrimental negative impacts on their health. They are more prone to get various infectious diseases. They are also more vulnerable to malnutrition during floods. Flooding limits access to clean water as sewage overflows and contaminates nearby water sources. The polluted setting in the flood-affected area makes it difficult to ensure the hygiene of feeding equipment used to prepare infant formula...

BACKGROUND: With increasing global rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) along with undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is no exception. This review focuses on specific nutrition parameters among under five years children, namely ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods and malnutrition. METHODOLOGY: PubMed, Google Scholar, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) databases, World Health Organization (WHO) databases, the World Bank databases and the Global Nutrition Report databases were explored between 10 January and 6 June 2022, to review the nutrition situation among under five years children in the EMR...

Nutrition has a central role in child growth with long-term effects, and nutrition management in gastrointestinal disorders has great importance for child health and disease outcomes. Breast milk is the first choice for infant nutrition. When it is not available, special milk formulas are adopted in specific conditions, as a medical treatment. Moving from the strong guidelines, recommendations and the new possibilities of special diet treatment, this review will analyse the current diet treatment in different gastrointestinal disorders, including food allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, short-bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, and eosinophilic esophagitis...

Children are the future of our generation, so reducing child mortality is very critical in developing countries. There are lots of asserting factors of child mortality but malnutrition is one of the prominent factors. Medically, it has been proven that breastfeeding is one of the sources of nutrients and it is being always appreciated to have mothers' milk to a child in the early days. However, with the increasing participation of women in the workforce, the child care load on breastfeeding mothers is very high...

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) of children until six months of age is considered one of the most critical interventions in tackling childhood undernutrition. EBF rates are suboptimal in Pakistan, particularly in rural areas where child undernutrition is most prevalent. This study aimed to explore barriers to EBF in a rural context of Pakistan. METHODS: The study was conducted in the rural district Matiari of Sindh, Pakistan, during Jan-March 2020. We used a qualitative exploratory study design and conducted 36 focus group discussions (FGDs)...

Introduction: Stunting has long been regarded as one of the most important indicators of malnutrition, serving as a proxy for not just chronic nutritional deficiency but also long-term socioeconomic disadvantage among children and society as a whole. In 2016, stunting alone afflicted an estimated 154.8 million (22.9%) children under the age of five over the world. It is one of Ethiopia's most serious undernutrition and health problems among school-aged children. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of stunting among school-aged children in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia 2021...

The transition of foods during toddlerhood and the suboptimal diets consumed in the Middle East make children susceptible to malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. Based on international recommendations, coupled with the merits of clinical studies on the application of young child formula (YCF), a group of fourteen experts from the Middle East reached a consensus on improving the nutritional status of toddlers. The recommendations put forth by the expert panel comprised twelve statements related to the relevance of YCF in young children; the impact of YCF on their nutritional parameters and functional outcomes; characteristics of the currently available YCF and its ideal composition; strategies to supply adequate nutrition in young children and educational needs of parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs)...

Inadequate feeding is one of the most critical underlying determinants of child malnutrition. In this study, we explore infant young child feeding (IYCF) and deconstruct breastfeeding barriers in mothers of severely malnourished children in one of the most marginalized districts of Punjab province of Pakistan. Using purposive sampling, 20 lactating mothers are recruited for open-ended semi-structured interviews. Results reveal that barriers to immediate and exclusive breastfeeding include the introduction of pre-lacteal, butter, and cow or formula milk by mothers and grandmothers...

Despite recent advances, the causes of and effective therapies for pediatric chronic cholestatic diseases remain elusive, and many patients progress to liver failure and need liver transplantation. Malnutrition is a common complication in these patients and is a well-recognized, tremendous challenge for the clinician. We undertook a narrative review of both recent and relevant older literature, published during the last 20 years, for studies linking nutrition to pediatric chronic cholestasis. The collected data confirm that malnutrition and failure to thrive are associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality, and they also affect the outcomes of liver transplantation, including long-term survival...

A 7-month-old female infant presented with failure to thrive. She was breastfed till 3 months of age, thereafter switched to soy-based milk formula. There was no history to suggest excess energy losses, recurrent infections or chronic diarrhoea. Three months after switching to exclusive soy-based milk formula, parents noticed significant enlargement of both breasts. Clinical examination was unremarkable except for enlargement of both breasts. None of the other secondary sexual characteristics were present. Initial blood investigations showed hyponatraemic hypokalaemic hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis, which corrected after 2 days with intravenous hydration...

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) allow effective community-based management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Current interest focuses on their optimal composition and use. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies of alternative RUTF have yielded differing results. Partial soybean, sorghum flour, and whey protein replacement RUTF were inferior to standard RUTF. In contrast, soy-based RUTF was as effective as milk-based RUTF and an alternative RUTF with added oats lead to superior recovery in comparison to standard RUTF...