icu enteral nutrition

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Oropharyngeal interventions are an accepted method to improve the nutritional performance of premature infants. Considering the countless benefits of breast milk and the few studies on the use of breast milk as an oral-pharyngeal intervention, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of oral-pharyngeal administration of breast milk on nutritional outcomes in premature infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this clinical trial, 80 premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of Amir al-Mu'minin Hospital in Semnan (a city in Iran) were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 40) and control groups (n = 40)...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare how immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients responded differently to enteral nutrition (EN) support in intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, including serum nutritional biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers, gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance symptoms, and clinical outcomes. METHODS: An observational, retrospective study was conducted in the ICUs of a teaching hospital in southwest China. We recruited a convenience sample of 154 patients between December 2022 and February 2023...

BACKGROUND: Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors have reduced oral intake; it is unknown whether intake and associated barriers are unique to this group. OBJECTIVE: To quantify energy intake and potential barriers in ICU survivors compared with general medical (GM) patients and healthy volunteers. DESIGN: A descriptive cohort study in ICU survivors, GM patients, and healthy volunteers. Following an overnight fast, participants consumed a 200 ml test-meal (213 kcal) and 180 min later an ad libitum meal to measure energy intake (primary outcome)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and analyze the therapeutic effect of the combination of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on underweight and malabsorption in premature infants. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. The clinical data of 68 premature infants admitted to Beijing United Family Hospital (Private Secondary Comprehensive Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China) from January 2016 to January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively...

BACKGROUND: Poor weight gain has been identified as an independent risk factor for increased surgical morbidity and mortality for patients with single-ventricle physiology undergoing staged surgical palliation. Conversely, excessive weight gain has also emerged as an independent risk factor predicting increased morbidity and mortality in a single-center study. Given this novel single-center concept, we investigated the impact of excessive weight on patients with single-ventricle physiology undergoing bidirectional Glenn palliation in a multicenter study model...

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the application effect of information-guided enteral nutrition-associated diarrhea (ENAD) management process in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing non-invasive assisted ventilation. METHODS: A mixed cohort study of pre- and post-control was conducted. Thirty-nine patients with COPD who were admitted to the emergency intensive care unit (ICU) of Huzhou First People's Hospital from July 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022 were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Muscle assessment is an important component of nutrition assessment. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) consortium recently underscored the need for more objective muscle assessment methods in clinical settings. Various assessment techniques are available; however, many have limitations in clinical populations. Computed tomography (CT) scans, obtained for diagnostic reasons, could serve multiple purposes, including muscle measurement for nutrition assessment...

INTRODUCTION: Critically ill patients are more susceptible to malnutrition due to their severe illness. Moreover, elderly patients who are critically ill lack specific nutrition recommendations, with nutritional care in the intensive care units (ICUs) deplorable for the elderly. This study aims to investigate nutrition treatment and its correlation to mortality in elderly patients who are critically ill in intensive care units. METHOD: A multiple-center prospective cohort study was conducted in China from 128 intensive care units (ICUs)...

AIM: This study investigated the risk factors for the development of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections in adult patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). METHODS: A multicentre case-control study was conducted in ICUs in three tertiary hospitals in Turkey. The cases were patients culture-confirmed CRKP and a condition associated with healthcare-associated infections. Two controls were randomly selected for each case from among all other patients with an ICU stay at least as long as that of the corresponding case-patient...

BACKGROUND: Historically IV and enteral fluids given during acute kidney injury (AKI) were restricted before the introduction of continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) when more liberal fluids improved nutrition for the critically ill. However fluid accumulation can occur when higher volumes each day are not considered in the fluid balance prescribing and daily review for the NET ultrafiltration (NUF) volume target. KEY MESSAGES: The delivered hours of CRRT each day are vital for achievement of fluid balance and time off therapy makes the task more challenging...

Nutritional support in critically ill patients is an essential aspect of treatment. In particular, the benefits of enteral nutrition (EN) are well recognized, and various guidelines recommend early EN within 48 hours in critically ill patients. However, there is still controversy regarding EN in critically ill patients with septic shock requiring vasopressors. Therefore, this case report aims to provide basic data for the safe and effective nutritional support in septic shock patients who require vasopressors...

Blood culture proven sepsis is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Given the extended hospitalization of very preterm infants, catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSIs) play a substantial role in sepsis. The reported incidence of CRBSIs in neonates varies from 3.2 to 21.8 CRBSIs per 1000 catheter line days. Moreover, discrepancies in neonatal practices and potential neglect may lead to the unwarranted prolongation of central lines. This study aims to compare two distinct periods (Pre-QI vs...

A significant proportion of patients (10%-20%) with acute pancreatitis develop severe acute pancreatitis characterized by pancreatic necrosis, systemic inflammation, and organ failure, commonly requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. In this specific population, nutrition therapy is more challenging than that in the general ICU population, primarily because of inevitable gastrointestinal involvement by pancreatic inflammation. In this review, we discussed several key aspects of nutrition therapy in this population, including key pathophysiology that may impede nutrition therapy, the timing and implementation of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition, the importance of specific nutrient supplements, and the long-term outcomes that may be addressed by nutrition therapy...

BACKGROUND: To explore the clinical nursing effect of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery. METHODOLOGY: 200 neurosurgical patients were randomly divided into two groups. The time of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in our hospital (January 2021) was used as the cut-off point, the PN group and the PN+EN group were divided according to the cut-off point. Nutritional status, immune status, occurrence of adverse events, prognosis-related indicators were compared between the two groups...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fluid overload is a common postoperative complication in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Although this condition is notably associated with relevant adverse outcomes, assessment of hydration status in clinical practice is challenging. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) has emerged as a potentially effective method to monitor hydration changes, but the available evidence in critically ill patients undergoing cardiac surgery is limited and sometimes conflicting...

<b><br>Introduction:</b> Stoma surgery, which involves creating a diversion of the small intestine through an abdominal wall opening, poses challenges in managing fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Patients with high proximal stoma often rely on costly and risky parenteral nutrition (PN). Distal enteral tube feeding, a method of delivering nutrition to the small intestine, is intended to improve clinical outcomes and reduce complications. This study presents a comparative analysis of clinical outcomes between postoperative distal enteral tube refeeding and traditional enteral and PN approaches in stoma patients with distal mucous fistula...

BACKGROUND: The optimal amount for initial fluid resuscitation is still controversial in sepsis and the contribution of non-resuscitation fluids in fluid balance is unclear. We aimed to investigate the main components of fluid intake and fluid balance in both survivors and non-survivor patients with septic shock within the first 72 hours. METHODS: In this prospective observational study in two intensive care units, we recorded all fluids administered intravenously, orally, or enterally, and losses during specific time intervals from vasopressor initiation: T1 (up to 24 hours), T2 (24 to 48 hours) and T3 (48 to 72 hours)...

Optimal care of critically ill patients in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) includes adequate nutritional support. This review highlights the high prevalence of malnutrition in acute heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, cardiogenic shock and post-cardiac arrest, and its adverse impact on prognosis. There is a lack of robust evidence regarding appropriate nutritional support in this patient population. Initiation of nutritional support with a comprehensive assessment of the patient's nutritional status is critical...

BACKGROUND: Nutritional support for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) is an important part of clinical treatment and care, but there are significant implementation difficulties. AIM: To introduce a modified nutritional support management system for ICU patients based on closed-loop information management and psychological counseling. METHODS: The division of functions, personnel training, system construction, development of an intelligent decision-making software system, quality control, and improvement of the whole process were carried out to systematically manage nutritional support for ICU patients...

Introduction  Dysphagia is a significant but underrecognized clinical issue in the intensive care unit (ICU), and it is associated with various complications. Despite its clinical importance, there is limited research and no Greek ICU-specific guidelines for managing dysphagic patients. Additionally, only a few ICUs in Greece have dysphagia specialists, specifically speech-language pathologists (SLPs) providing their expertise. Objective  Τo identify the current practices for dysphagia management (screening, assessment, treatment) and gain insight into ICU directors' awareness/perceptions of the prevalence, complications, and risk of dysphagia...