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Alison Buttenheim, Harsha Thirumurthy
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 13, 2024: Nature
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niccolò F Meriggi, Maarten Voors, Madison Levine, Vasudha Ramakrishna, Desmond Maada Kangbai, Michael Rozelle, Ella Tyler, Sellu Kallon, Junisa Nabieu, Sarah Cundy, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak
Less than 30% of people in Africa received a dose of the COVID-19 vaccine even 18 months after vaccine development1 . Here, motivated by the observation that residents of remote, rural areas of Sierra Leone faced severe access difficulties2 , we conducted an intervention with last-mile delivery of doses and health professionals to the most inaccessible areas, along with community mobilization. A cluster randomized controlled trial in 150 communities showed that this intervention with mobile vaccination teams increased the immunization rate by about 26 percentage points within 48-72 h...
March 13, 2024: Nature
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samet Poyraz, H Ali Döndaş, Samet Belveren, Senanur Taş, Raquel Hidalgo-León, José Trujillo-Sierra, Lesly V Rodríguez-Flórez, Mª de Gracia Retamosa, Ana Sirvent, Mohammad Gholinejad, Sara Sobhani, José M Sansano
Stable palladium (II) complexes, incorporating a double ( N -benzoylthiourea) arrangement bonded to a complex heterocyclic scaffold, are used as precursors of catalytic species able to promote Suzuki-Miyaura, Mizoroki-Heck, Hiyama, Buchwald-Hartwig, Hirao and Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling transformations in water. These sustainable processes are chemoselective and very versatile. The nanoparticles responsible for these catalytic reactions were analyzed and studied. Their usefulness is demonstrated after several tests and analyses...
March 4, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Augustus Osborne, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Comfort Z Olorunsaiye, Peter Bai James, Camilla Bangura, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Jia B Kangbai, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence of amphetamine use and its associated factors among in-school adolescents in Sierra Leone. DESIGN: Data for the study was sourced from the 2017 Sierra Leone Global School-based Health Survey. Percentages with confidence intervals (CIs) were used to present the prevalence of amphetamine use among in-school adolescents. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the factors associated with amphetamine use...
March 11, 2024: BMJ Open
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ibrahim Kargbo-Labour, Mohamed S Bah, Natalie V S Vinkeles Melchers, Abdulai Conteh, Victoria Redwood-Sawyerr, Wilma A Stolk, Jusufu Paye, Mustapha Sonnie, Amy Veinoglou, Joseph B Koroma, Mary H Hodges, Angela M Weaver, Yaobi Zhang
BACKGROUND: Onchocerciasis is endemic in 14 of Sierra Leone's 16 districts with high prevalence (47-88.5%) according to skin snips at baseline. After 11 rounds of mass treatment with ivermectin with good coverage, an impact assessment was conducted in 2017 to assess the progress towards eliminating onchocerciasis in the country. METHODS: A cluster survey was conducted, either integrated with lymphatic filariasis (LF) transmission assessment survey (TAS) or standalone with the LF TAS sampling strategy in 12 (now 14) endemic districts...
March 11, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
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REVIEW
Muhammad Chutiyami, Priya Saravanakumar, Umar Muhammad Bello, Dauda Salihu, Khadijat Adeleye, Mustapha Adam Kolo, Kabiru Kasamu Dawa, Dathini Hamina, Pratibha Bhandari, Surajo Kamilu Sulaiman, Jenny Sim
AIM: The review summarizes the recent empirical evidence on the efficacy, safety, and community perception of malaria vaccines in Africa. METHODS: Academic Search Complete, African Journals Online, CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, and two gray literature sources were searched in January 2023, and updated in June 2023. Relevant studies published from 2012 were included. Studies were screened, appraised, and synthesized in line with the review aim. Statistical results are presented as 95% Confidence Intervals and proportions/percentages...
March 5, 2024: Infection
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Augustus Osborne, Camilla Bangura
BACKGROUND: In the tapestry of reproductive health in Sierra Leone, where maternal mortality remains a poignant thread, understanding contraceptive use intentions among married and cohabiting women emerges as a vital motive. This study examines the intention to use contraceptives among married and cohabiting women in Sierra Leone. METHODS: The study analysed the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 7846 married and cohabiting women comprised the study...
February 27, 2024: Contraception and Reproductive Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aminata Shamit Koroma, Kevin B Stephenson, Per O Iversen, Mark J Manary, David Taylor Hendrixson
Breastfeeding provides optimal infant nutrition; however, <50% of infants are exclusively breastfed (EBF) for 6 months. We aimed to describe breastfeeding practices and their effects on growth and mortality among a high-risk mother-infant cohort in rural Sierra Leone. This was a secondary analysis of data from a randomized nutrition intervention trial among undernourished pregnant women. The study's primary outcomes were infant weight and length gains at 6 weeks of age. We included 1270 singleton infants in the analysis, with 1092 (85...
February 10, 2024: Children
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ebola lessons: Did prior epidemic experience protect against the spread of COVID-19 in Sierra Leone?
Kristen E McLean
The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a re-examination of public health preparedness with an emphasis on lessons learned following the West African Ebola epidemic. However, much of this work focuses on technological solutions rather than social learning. Drawing upon anthropological work, this paper examines how Sierra Leoneans prepared for COVID-19 through a lens of "embodied epidemic memory." Findings reveal that while people felt more empowered to respond to COVID-19 due to their past experiences, traumatic memories from the Ebola outbreak also sparked logics of fear and avoidance, driven by mistrust toward the state and its healthcare system...
February 22, 2024: Medical Anthropology Quarterly
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Turnbull, Harry Putnam, Issa Sesay, Aminata Bangura, Emily Bailey, Jan Henk Dubbink, Martin P Grobusch
OBJECTIVES: We searched for the most-suitable thermometry method in the low-resource, tropical setting of Sierra Leone, both in terms of accuracy and also patient and user acceptance. METHODS: We conducted a prospective comparative study of different methods of body temperature measurement. Each participant had their temperature taken by four different methods: non-contact infrared temperature (NCIT), axillary, tympanic membrane and rectal measurements. Rectal temperature was considered clinical gold standard...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Vandy, Eugene Conteh, Michael Lahai, Marie Kolipha-Kamara, Mohamed Marah, Foday Marah, Kadiatu M Suma, Sia C Mattia, Kenneth D S Tucker, Victor S E Wray, Abass Koroma, Aiah U Lebbie
Paracetamol is a widely used over-the-counter drug for managing fever and pain, but its quality may vary among different brands, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where counterfeit and substandard medicines are prevalent. This study evaluated the physicochemical properties of fifteen brands of 500 mg paracetamol tablets sold in various pharmacies in Freetown, Sierra Leone using identification tests, friability tests, assay, dissolution tests, and mass variation. The results showed that three brands were not registered with the Pharmacy Board of Sierra Leone, and two brands did not meet the requirement for labelling (no manufacturing date)...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Owen Dyer
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 13, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zosia Bredow, Zoe Corbett, Moses Mohamed Tarawally, Lucy Jackson, Foday Tejan Mansaray, Santigie Sesay, Andrew Leather
BACKGROUND: The Disease Control Priorities Project estimates that over 50 % of annual mortality in low- and middle-income countries can be addressed by improved emergency care. Sierra Leone's Ministry of Health and Sanitation has highlighted emergency care as a national priority. We conducted the first multicentre analysis of emergency care capacity in Sierra Leone, using the Hospital Emergency Unit Assessment Tool (HEAT) to analyse 14 government hospitals across the country. METHODS: HEAT is a standardised assessment that is recommended in the World Health Organisation Emergency Care Toolkit...
March 2024: African Journal of Emergency Medicine Revue
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusupha Dibba, Chiyembekezo Kachimanga, Joseph Gassimu, Alexandra V Kulinkina, Gene Bukhman, Hannah N Gilbert, Alma J Adler, Joia S Mukherjee
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyse routinely collected data on the drivers and barriers to retention in chronic care for patients with hypertension in the Kono District of Sierra Leone. DESIGN: Convergent mixed-methods study. SETTING: Koidu Government Hospital, a secondary-level hospital in Kono District. PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a descriptive analysis of key variables for 1628 patients with hypertension attending the non-communicable disease (NCD) clinic between February 2018 and August 2019 and qualitative interviews with 21 patients and 7 staff to assess factors shaping patients' retention in care at the clinic...
February 12, 2024: BMJ Open
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Oluwabunmi Ogungbe, Eric Broni, Camillus Ezeike, Ruth-Alma Turkson-Ocran, Jennifer Wenzel, Lisa A Cooper
AIM: To explore perceptions and attitudes of African immigrants (Ghanaians, Nigerians, Liberians, and Sierra Leoneans) in the Baltimore-Washington, DC, metropolitan area toward cardiovascular health. METHODS: This was a qualitative study among African immigrants recruited from religious and community-based organizations in the Baltimore-Washington metro area. A purposive sample of 66 African immigrants originally from Ghana, Nigeria, Liberia, and Sierra Leone completed a sociodemographic survey and participated in focus group discussions...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Advanced Nursing
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dylan Kotliar, Siddharth Raju, Shervin Tabrizi, Ikponmwosa Odia, Augustine Goba, Mambu Momoh, John Demby Sandi, Parvathy Nair, Eric Phelan, Ridhi Tariyal, Philomena E Eromon, Samar Mehta, Refugio Robles-Sikisaka, Katherine J Siddle, Matt Stremlau, Simbirie Jalloh, Stephen K Gire, Sarah Winnicki, Bridget Chak, Stephen F Schaffner, Matthias Pauthner, Elinor K Karlsson, Sarah R Chapin, Sharon G Kennedy, Luis M Branco, Lansana Kanneh, Joseph J Vitti, Nisha Broodie, Adrianne Gladden-Young, Omowunmi Omoniwa, Pan-Pan Jiang, Nathan Yozwiak, Shannon Heuklom, Lina M Moses, George O Akpede, Danny A Asogun, Kathleen Rubins, Susan Kales, Anise N Happi, Christopher O Iruolagbe, Mercy Dic-Ijiewere, Kelly Iraoyah, Omoregie O Osazuwa, Alexander K Okonkwo, Stefan Kunz, Joseph B McCormick, S Humarr Khan, Anna N Honko, Eric S Lander, Michael B A Oldstone, Lisa Hensley, Onikepe A Folarin, Sylvanus A Okogbenin, Stephan Günther, Hanna M Ollila, Ryan Tewhey, Peter O Okokhere, John S Schieffelin, Kristian G Andersen, Steven K Reilly, Donald S Grant, Robert F Garry, Kayla G Barnes, Christian T Happi, Pardis C Sabeti
Infection with Lassa virus (LASV) can cause Lassa fever, a haemorrhagic illness with an estimated fatality rate of 29.7%, but causes no or mild symptoms in many individuals. Here, to investigate whether human genetic variation underlies the heterogeneity of LASV infection, we carried out genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as seroprevalence surveys, human leukocyte antigen typing and high-throughput variant functional characterization assays. We analysed Lassa fever susceptibility and fatal outcomes in 533 cases of Lassa fever and 1,986 population controls recruited over a 7 year period in Nigeria and Sierra Leone...
February 7, 2024: Nature Microbiology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hector I Michelena, Alessandro Della Corte, Arturo Evangelista, Joseph J Maleszewski, William D Edwards, Mary J Roman, Richard B Devereux, Borja Fernández, Federico M Asch, Alex J Barker, Lilia M Sierra, Laurent de Kerchove, Susan M Fernandes, Paul W M Fedak, Evaldas Girdauskas, Victoria Delgado, Suhny Abbara, Emmanuel Lansac, Siddharth K Prakash, Malenka M Bissell, Bogdan A Popescu, Michael D Hope, Marta Sitges, Vinod H Thourani, Phillippe Pibarot, Krishnaswamy Chandrasekaran, Patrizio Lancellotti, Michael A Borger, John K Forrest, John Webb, Dianna M Milewicz, Raj Makkar, Martin B Leon, Stephen P Sanders, Michael Markl, Victor A Ferrari, William C Roberts, Jae-Kwan Song, Philipp Blanke, Charles S White, Samuel Siu, Lars G Svensson, Alan C Braverman, Joseph Bavaria, Thoralf M Sundt, Gebrine El Khoury, Ruggero de Paulis, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Jeroen J Bax, Catherine M Otto, Hans-Joachim Schäfers
This consensus of nomenclature and classification for congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy is evidence-based and intended for universal use by physicians (both pediatricians and adults), echocardiographers, advanced cardiovascular imaging specialists, interventional cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, pathologists, geneticists, and researchers spanning these areas of clinical and basic research. In addition, as long as new key and reference research is available, this international consensus may be subject to change based on evidence-based data1...
February 7, 2024: Archivos de Cardiología de México
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Javier Caviedes-Bucheli, Juan Murcia-Celedón, Cristina Gutiérrez, Diana Sierra-Collazo, Brandon Alvarado-Caicedo, Mariangel Serchiaro-Monsalve, Paola Echavarria-Sarabia, Andrea Leon-Lazzo, Helen Rivera-Rojas, Kathy Castrillón-Ramos, Alfredo Supelano-Gallego, Luisa Bermúdez-Zuluaga, Oscar Jimenez-Peña
BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of the Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold instruments under a dynamic cyclical fatigue test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 210 Reciproc Blue "R25" and WaveOne Gold "primary" files were assigned into 7 groups (n =15) for each brand. Groups G: Files were not exposed to NaOCl or sterilization. Groups A and D: files were immersed for 3 minutes in NaOCl 1 and 3 times, respectively. Groups B and E: Files were autoclaved 1 and 3 times, respectively...
January 2024: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alethea Desrosiers, Bidemi Carrol, Haley Ritsema, Walker Higgins, Fatoma Momoh, Theresa S Betancourt
BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders among youth contribute substantially to the global burden of disease, which is exacerbated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to large mental health treatment gaps. In Sierra Leone, a West African country with a long history of complex adversity, the mental health treatment gap is estimated at 98%. Implementing innovative mental health interventions that can be sustained at scale is a priority. The Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI) is an evidence-based mental health intervention for youth that can be delivered feasibly by lay health workers/nonspecialists...
February 3, 2024: BMC Public Health
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hana Stone, Emma Bailey, Haja Wurie, Andrew J M Leather, Justine I Davies, Håkon A Bolkan, Stephen Sevalie, Daniel Youkee, Divya Parmar
The paper examines the health system's response to COVID-19 in Sierra Leone. It aims to explore how the pandemic affected service delivery, health workers, patient access to services, leadership, and governance. It also examines to what extent the legacy of the 2013-16 Ebola outbreak influenced the COVID-19 response and public perception. Using the WHO Health System Building Blocks Framework, we conducted a qualitative study in Sierra Leone where semi-structured interviews were conducted with health workers, policymakers, and patients between Oct-Dec 2020...
2024: PloS One
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