Anurag Vaidya, Richard J Chen, Drew F K Williamson, Andrew H Song, Guillaume Jaume, Yuzhe Yang, Thomas Hartvigsen, Emma C Dyer, Ming Y Lu, Jana Lipkova, Muhammad Shaban, Tiffany Y Chen, Faisal Mahmood
Despite increasing numbers of regulatory approvals, deep learning-based computational pathology systems often overlook the impact of demographic factors on performance, potentially leading to biases. This concern is all the more important as computational pathology has leveraged large public datasets that underrepresent certain demographic groups. Using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the EBRAINS brain tumor atlas, as well as internal patient data, we show that whole-slide image classification models display marked performance disparities across different demographic groups when used to subtype breast and lung carcinomas and to predict IDH1 mutations in gliomas...
April 2024: Nature Medicine