Lactate AND Dickkopf

It was reported that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis and that brain glycolytic dysfunction results in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Icariin (ICA), an active component extracted from Epimedii Folium, has been reported to produce neuroprotective effects in multiple models of AD, but its underlying mechanism remains to be fully described. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of ICA on animal and cell models of AD and confirm whether the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has functions in the neuroprotective function of ICA...

Doxorubicin (Dox) is an indispensable chemotherapeutic agent associated with damaging cardiotoxicity. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid, extracted from the medicinal plant Scutellariae baicalensis Georgi. BA is well known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Our study investigated the potential effect of BA in attenuating Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. To this end, male Swiss albino mice were given BA (100 mg/kg/d, orally) for 4 wk and were challenged with Dox (six intraperitoneal doses, each 2.5 mg/kg, every other day with a final cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg)...

One mechanism by which the maternal environment regulates the early embryo is by secretion of cell-signaling molecules. One of these is dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1). Objectives were to A) resolve discrepancies in the literature regarding effects of DKK1 in the bovine embryo on development of trophectoderm (TE) and competence to establish pregnancy after embryo transfer and B) determine whether there are long-term consequences of DKK1 on placental function and postnatal phenotype. Embryos produced in vitro were cultured with vehicle or 100 ng/mL recombinant human DKK1 from day 5 to 7...

Angiogenesis is a fundamental process that involves in tumor progression and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their receptors are identified as the most prominent regulators of angiogenesis. However, the clinical efficacy of anti-VEGF/VEGFR therapy is not ideal, prompting the needs to further understand mechanisms behind tumor angiogenesis. Here, we found that Dickkopf associated protein 2 (DKK2), a secretory protein highly expressed in metastatic colorectal cancer tissues, could stimulate angiogenesis via a classic VEGF/VEGFR independent pathway...

Objective: Lactation is associated with a dramatic increase of maternal bone turnover, leading to a reversible bone loss. Early life nutrition may influence later osteoporosis risk. Proteins synthesized by the group of wingless (Wnt) genes are key mediators of osteoblastogenesis and bone formation. We aimed to investigate maternal milk and serum concentrations of the inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin. Material and methods: In 80 women, maternal milk and serum concentrations of DKK-1 and sclerostin were determined by ELISA on the 3rd-4th day postpartum...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to search for predictive and prognostic factors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with everolimus among the components of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective, single-arm, phase II study, patients with mRCC received everolimus (10 mg/d) in a 30-day cycle. We performed a prospectively planned evaluation of the potential biomarkers of the WNT/β-catenin pathway...

Deregulation of microRNA-92b (miR-92b) has been implicated in osteosarcoma. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of miR-92b in osteosarcoma growth and metastasis remains largely unclear. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein expression. MTT and Transwell assays were conducted to determine cell proliferation and invasion, and a luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the association between miR-92b and Dickkopf3-related protein (DKK3)...

BACKGROUND: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can induce endothelial injury and plays a vital role in the procession and development of atherosclerosis. Little is known regarding whether Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury or whether it further promotes atherosclerosis via increased oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial injury and determine whether pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) could alleviate ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway...

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical problem. The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of minocycline (Mino), a tetracycline with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, on I/R injury of liver in rats. In total, 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 18 rats in each: Sham-operated (control group), I/R model (I/R group) and Mino preconditioning groups (Mino group). The rats of the Mino group were administered Mino (45 mg/kg) by gastric irrigation at 36 h before surgery and were subsequently administered with 22...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective eff ect of minocycline on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: A total of 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the sham-operated group (control group), the ischemic-reperfusion (IR group), and the minocycline preconditioning group (n=18 per group). The rats in the minocycline preconditioning group were given minocycline (45 mg/kg) by gastric irrigation at 36 h before operation and then were subsequently administered with minocycline (22...