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EDITORIAL
Rakhi Maiwall, Satender Pal Singh, Paolo Angeli, Richard Moreau, Aleksander Krag, Virender Singh, Ashwani K Singal, S S Tan, Puneet Puri, Mamun Mahtab, George Lau, Qin Ning, Manoj Kumar Sharma, P N Rao, Dharmesh Kapoor, Subhash Gupta, Ajay Duseja, Manav Wadhawan, Dinesh Jothimani, Sanjiv Saigal, Sunil Taneja, Akash Shukla, Pankaj Puri, Deepak Govil, Gaurav Pandey, Kaushal Madan, C E Eapen, Jaya Benjamin, Ashok Chowdhury, Shweta Singh, Vaishali Salao, Jin Mo Yang, Saeed Hamid, Shalimar, Sanjiv Jasuja, Anand V Kulkarni, Madund A Niriella, Harsh Vardhan Tevethia, Vinod Arora, R P Mathur, Akash Roy, Ankur Jindal, Neeraj Saraf, Nipun Verma, Arka De, Narendra S Choudhary, Rohit Mehtani, Phool Chand, Omkar Rudra, Shiv Kumar Sarin
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome that is characterized by the rapid development of organ failures predisposing these patients to a high risk of short-term early death. The main causes of organ failure in these patients are bacterial infections and systemic inflammation, both of which can be severe. For the majority of these patients, a prompt liver transplant is still the only effective course of treatment. Kidneys are one of the most frequent extrahepatic organs that are affected in patients with ACLF, since acute kidney injury (AKI) is reported in 22...
April 5, 2024: Hepatology International
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohit Bhatia, Mv Padma Srivastava, Saman Fatima, Risha Sarkar, Imnameren Longkumer, Shailesh Gaikwad, Leve S Joseph Devaranjan, Ajay Garg, Jeyaraj Durai Pandian, Dheeraj Khurana, P N Sylaja, Shweta Jain, Deepti Arora, Aneesh Dhasan, Sanjith Aaron, Angel T Miraclin, Pamidimukkala Vijaya, Srijithesh P Rajendran, Jayanta Roy, Biman Kanti Ray, Vivek Nambiar, Paul J Alapatt, Meenakshi Sharma
RATIONALE: Rapid and timely treatment with intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) significantly improves patient outcomes. Bridging therapy is the current standard of care in these patients. However, an incompletely answered question is whether one thrombolytic agent is better than another during bridging therapy. AIM: The current study aims to understand if one thrombolytic agent is superior to the other during bridging therapy in the treatment of AIS and LVO...
2024: BMJ neurology open
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohit Bhatia, M V Padma Srivastava, Risha Sarkar, Saman Fatima, Imnameren Longkumer, Ajay Garg, Pooja Gupta, Jeyaraj Durai Pandian, Dheeraj Khurana, P N Sylaja, Shweta Jain, Deepti Arora, Aneesh Dhasan, Meenakshi Sharma
RATIONALE: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a pathological process that causes progressive stenosis and cerebral hypoperfusion, leading to stroke occurrence and recurrence around the world. The exact duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for ICAD is unclear in view of long-term risk of bleeding complications. AIM: The current study aims to study the efficacy and safety of long-term DAPT (up to 12 months) in patients with ICAD. SAMPLE SIZE: Using 80% power and an alpha error of 5 %, presuming a 10%-15% drop-out rate, a total of 2200 patients will be recruited for the study...
2024: BMJ neurology open
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan Benedikt, Philipp Zelger, Lukas Horling, Kerstin Stock, Johannes Pallua, Michael Schirmer, Gerald Degenhart, Alexander Ruzicka, Rohit Arora
In vivo high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) studies on bone characteristics are limited, partly due to the lack of standardized and objective techniques to describe motion artifacts responsible for lower-quality images. This study investigates the ability of such deep-learning techniques to assess image quality in HR-pQCT datasets of human scaphoids. In total, 1451 stacks of 482 scaphoid images from 53 patients, each with up to six follow-ups within one year, and each with one non-displaced fractured and one contralateral intact scaphoid, were independently graded by three observers using a visual grading scale for motion artifacts...
March 6, 2024: Diagnostics
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gauri Arora, Ankit Butola, Ruchi Rajput, Rohit Agarwal, Krishna Agarwal, Alexander Horsch, Dilip K Prasad, Paramasivam Senthilkumaran
Structured beams carrying topological defects, namely phase and Stokes singularities, have gained extensive interest in numerous areas of optics. The non-separable spin and orbital angular momentum states of hybridly polarized Stokes singular beams provide additional freedom for manipulating optical fields. However, the characterization of hybridly polarized Stokes vortex beams remains challenging owing to the degeneracy associated with the complex polarization structures of these beams. In addition, experimental noise factors such as relative phase, amplitude, and polarization difference together with beam fluctuations add to the perplexity in the identification process...
February 26, 2024: Optics Express
#6
Johannes Dominikus Pallua, Anton Kasper Pallua, Werner Streif, Harald Spiegl, Clemens Halder, Rohit Arora, Michael Schirmer
Parietal thinning was detected in a 72-year-old with recurrent headaches. Quantification of bone loss was performed applying two- and three-dimensional methods using computerized tomographies. Two-dimensional methods provided accurate measurements using single-line analyses of bone thicknesses (2.13 to 1.65 and 1.86 mm on the left and 4.44 to 3.08 and 4.20 mm on the right side), single-point analyses of bone intensities (693 to 375 and 403 on the left and 513 to 393 and 411 Houndsfield Units on the right side) and particle-size analyses of low density areas (16 to 22 and 12 on the left and 18 to 23 and 14 on the right side)...
February 17, 2024: Diagnostics
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Verena-Maria Schmidt, Philipp Zelger, Claudia Wöss, Margot Fodor, Theresa Hautz, Stefan Schneeberger, Christian Wolfgang Huck, Rohit Arora, Andrea Brunner, Bettina Zelger, Michael Schirmer, Johannes Dominikus Pallua
In forensic medicine, estimating human skeletal remains' post-mortem interval (PMI) can be challenging. Following death, bones undergo a series of chemical and physical transformations due to their interactions with the surrounding environment. Post-mortem changes have been assessed using various methods, but estimating the PMI of skeletal remains could still be improved. We propose a new methodology with handheld hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system based on the first results from 104 human skeletal remains with PMIs ranging between 1 day and 2000 years...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
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REVIEW
Rohit Gautam, Eepsita Priyadarshini, Arbind Kumar Patel, Taruna Arora
The escalation of technological advancements, coupled with the increased use of hazardous chemicals, has emerged as a significant concern for human health. Exposure to environmental pollutants like heavy metals and pesticides (insecticides, herbicides and fungicides) is known to significantly contribute to various health problems, particularly affecting reproductive health. Disturbances in reproductive potential and reproductive toxicity in males are particularly worrisome. Existing literature suggests that exposure to these environmental pollutants significantly alters male reproductive parameters...
January 19, 2024: Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Andreas Lindtner, Alexander Wurm, Elena Pirchner, David Putzer, Rohit Arora, Débora Cristina Coraça-Huber, Michael Schirmer, Jovan Badzoka, Christoph Kappacher, Christian Wolfgang Huck, Johannes Dominikus Pallua
Osteomyelitis is a bone disease caused by bacteria that can damage bone. Raman handheld spectroscopy has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for detecting bone infection and can be used intraoperatively during surgical procedures. This study involved 120 bone samples from 40 patients, with 80 samples infected with either Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis. Raman handheld spectroscopy demonstrated successful differentiation between healthy and infected bone samples and between the two types of bacterial pathogens...
December 30, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#10
Josiah Couch, Rohit Arora, Jasper Braun, Joesph Kaplinsky, Elliot Hill, Anthony Li, Brett Altschul, Ramy Arnaout
Previously, it has been shown that maximum-entropy models of immune-repertoire sequence can be used to determine a person's vaccination status. However, this approach has the drawback of requiring a computationally intensive method to compute each model's partition function ($Z$), the normalization constant required for calculating the probability that the model will generate a given sequence. Specifically, the method required generating approximately $10^{10}$ sequences via Monte-Carlo simulations for each model...
December 19, 2023: ArXiv
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dominik Höllerer, Peter Kaiser, Armin Runer, Ekkehard Steiner, Christian Koidl, Rohit Arora, Friedemann Schneider
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and characteristics of sports-related concussions (SRCs) for a professional ice hockey team during one regular season in the International Central European Hockey League. BACKGROUND: Repeated concussions are a common cause of long periods of absence in team contact sports, with a wide range of potential short- and long-term consequences for the affected athlete. Questions mainly regarding early diagnosis and ideal follow-up treatment remain unanswered, especially regarding the timing of return to sports (RTS)...
December 12, 2023: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manali Arora, Lovepreet Singh Randhawa, Devkant Lakhera, Vishal Thakker, K Aditya Abhishek, Dipesh Singh, Rohit Chaudhary, Rajiv Kumar Azad
INTRODUCTION: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the standard of care for renal tumors, especially in the early stages. RENAL Nephrometry scores provide a comprehensive presurgical predictive module for the choice of NSS or Radical Nephrectomy. The validity and reliability of Nephrometry scores is being tested continuously with advancement in the surgical techniques. The Simplified PADUA Nephrometry score (SPARE NS) is a newer proposed score which aims to better the reproducibility of the previously established nephrometry scores...
2023: Urology Annals
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan Benedikt, Lukas Rieser, Gernot Schmidle, Kerstin Stock, Lukas Horling, Gerald Degenhart, Rohit Arora
UNLABELLED: The study shows a high incidence of motion artefacts in a central European population and a significant increase of those artefacts with higher age. These findings may impact on the design and conduct of future in vivo HR-pQCT studies or at least help to estimate the potential number of drop outs due to unusable image quality. PURPOSE: Motion artefacts in high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) are challenging, as they introduce error into the resulting measurement data...
November 27, 2023: Archives of Osteoporosis
#14
REVIEW
Rohit Gautam, Ajith Manayil Prambil, Arbind Kumar Patel, Taruna Arora
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women worldwide. Although genetic and lifestyle factors have been implicated in its etiology, emerging evidence suggests that exposure to environmental pollutants may also contribute significantly to the development and pathophysiology of PCOS. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential role of emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), microplastics, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles, in PCOS development...
November 22, 2023: Reproductive Toxicology
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REVIEW
V K Arora, S K Jindal, S K Katiyar, Digambar Behra, Deepak Talwar, Rohit Sarin, Raja Dhar, Parthiv Mehta, Salil Bhargava, Pratibha Singhal, Shashank Joshi, Mangesh Tiwaskar, Chaitali Nikam, Anirvan Chatterjee, Agam Vora
Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable, treatable, and curable disease. However, in 2020, 9∙9 million people were estimated to have developed tuberculosis, and 1.5 million people were estimated to have died from it. Whereas in India, 2.6 million were diagnosed with TB and 436,000 succumbed to TB in 2019. India (26%) is the major contributor to the global drop in TB cases. The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially reduced access to services for the diagnosis and treatment of TB, resulting in an increase in deaths and a reversal in global progress...
October 2023: Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas Dankl, Ulrich Crepaz-Eger, Rohit Arora, Friedemann Schneider
SARS-CoV-2 has had a measurable impact on the field of orthopedic and traumatological surgery. To date, scarce data on intramural SARS-CoV-2 infections in orthopedic and traumatological patients have been reported. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections in orthopedic and traumatological inpatients regarding symptoms of infection, mortality, duration of hospitalization, and other relevant patient-dependent factors. Patients admitted to hospital for an orthopedic or traumatological indication were screened retrospectively for nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and included in this study...
October 19, 2023: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
#17
Varun Monga, Rohit Madan, Niraj Arora
Tourette's syndrome (TS) patients experiencing severe tics and behavioral disturbances can have a rare complication called rhabdomyolysis (RML), which is characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue. The occurrence of RML poses a significant physical and emotional risk to patients with TS by impacting the quality of life and in some cases causing severe damage. In this case report, we present the first documented case of RML resulting from severe tics in an adult with a diagnosis of TS. The patient exhibited severe tics and self-injurious behaviors that led to elevated creatine kinase and a subsequent diagnosis of RML requiring hospitalization with a complex hospital course...
August 2023: Curēus
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Lindtner, Alexander Wurm, Katrin Kugel, Julia Kühn, David Putzer, Rohit Arora, Débora Cristina Coraça-Huber, Philipp Zelger, Michael Schirmer, Jovan Badzoka, Christoph Kappacher, Christian Wolfgang Huck, Johannes Dominikus Pallua
Bone analyses using mid-infrared spectroscopy are gaining popularity, especially with handheld spectrometers that enable on-site testing as long as the data quality meets standards. In order to diagnose Staphylococcus epidermidis in human bone grafts, this study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of the Agilent 4300 Handheld Fourier-transform infrared with the Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 attenuated-total-reflectance infrared spectroscopy benchtop instrument. The study analyzed 40 non-infected and 10 infected human bone samples with Staphylococcus epidermidis , collecting reflectance data between 650 cm-1 and 4000 cm-1 , with a spectral resolution of 2 cm-1 (Agilent 4300 Handheld) and 0...
August 29, 2023: Bioengineering
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamasb J Sayadi, Jagmeet S Arora, Arhana Chattopadhyay, Elena Hopkins, Alison Quiter, Rohit K Khosla
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes and complications associated with infant ear molding at a single institution. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all infants who underwent ear molding using the EarWell Infant Ear Correction System with pediatric plastic surgery from October 2010 to March 2021. Types of ear anomalies, age at initiation, duration of treatment, gaps in treatment, comorbidities, and complications were extracted for included patients...
August 2023: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohit Arora, Christian Cao, Mehul Kumar, Sarthak Sinha, Ayan Chanda, Reid McNeil, Divya Samuel, Rahul K Arora, T Wayne Matthews, Shamir Chandarana, Robert Hart, Joseph C Dort, Jeff Biernaskie, Paola Neri, Martin D Hyrcza, Pinaki Bose
The spatial organization of the tumor microenvironment has a profound impact on biology and therapy response. Here, we perform an integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis on HPV-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to comprehensively characterize malignant cells in tumor core (TC) and leading edge (LE) transcriptional architectures. We show that the TC and LE are characterized by unique transcriptional profiles, neighboring cellular compositions, and ligand-receptor interactions. We demonstrate that the gene expression profile associated with the LE is conserved across different cancers while the TC is tissue specific, highlighting common mechanisms underlying tumor progression and invasion...
August 18, 2023: Nature Communications
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