Circus

The documented increase in the occurrence of dental diseases in captive big cats over the past decades has necessitated the need to target dental medical research accordingly. The aim of this study was the systematic evaluation of dental and oral pathologies of lions and tigers which included intraoral dental radiography. Thirty-six animals of both sexes, ranging in age from nine months to 18 years, predominantly in circus husbandry, served as the basis of the present study, and their dental health status was investigated...

Neonicotinoids (neonics) are the most widely used insecticides worldwide and are considered to be of low risk to non-target organisms such as vertebrates. Further, they are reported to be rapidly excreted and metabolized, reducing their potential toxicity. Nevertheless, growing evidence of adverse effects of neonics on farmland bird species raise questions about the purported harmless nature of these pesticides. We attempted to search for pesticide residues in species of different trophic levels and at different life stages, by using multiple bird monitoring programs on a Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research (LTSER) platform...

Conceptual combination is the act of building complex concepts from simpler ones. Although research has examined how inferences about compound objects (e.g., fuzzy chair) are produced from their constituent concepts, little is known about the combinatorial processes that produce inferences about compound social categories (e.g., Irish musician). Using a computational approach, we investigated the relationship between ratings of 25 nationality-occupation combinations and ratings of their constituent concepts along the attribute dimensions of warmth and competence...

Rapid detection and mapping of landforms are crucially important to improve our understanding of past and presently active processes across the earth, especially, in complex and dynamic volcanoes. Traditional landform modeling approaches are labor-intensive and time-consuming. In recent years, landform mapping has increasingly been digitized. This study conducted an in-depth analysis of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in combination with geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA), for mapping volcanic and glacial landforms...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a critical stage in the prognosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Pure total flavonoids from circus (PTFC) play essential roles in the improvement of NASH symptoms, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Our previous high-throughput omics screening results indicate that the CCL2/CCR2-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is a key pathway that regulates the liver inflammatory response. PTFC may regulate the CCL2/CCR2-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to improve the liver inflammatory response...

OBJECTIVE: The circus professionalization process entails extensive training to mitigate the high-risk demands which increase stress in artists. In high-risk professions, everyday hassles (challenges) contribute greatly to overall stress. To capture the impact of daily challenges on student-artists, the aim of the current study was to describe the magnitude and pattern of daily challenges as well as their relationships with perceived coping, anxiety, fatigue, and psychological distress...

PURPOSE: Preschool-aged children (three to five years old) born preterm participate in less physical activity (PA) than term-born children. Circus activities (a type of recreational PA) are a potential avenue to increase PA rates, but further insight into how to tailor these to address the participation gap is needed. This study investigated barriers and facilitators informing participation in recreational PA for preschool-aged children born extremely preterm and explored strategies to enhance participation in circus activities...

OBJECTIVE: Identifying which types of athletes have increased injury risk (ie, predictive risk factors) should help develop cost-effective selective injury prevention strategies. Our objective was to compare a theoretical injury risk classification system developed by coaches and rehabilitation therapists, with observed injury rates in human circus acts across dimensions of physical stressors, acrobatic complexity, qualifications, and residual risks. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological study...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Efficient exploration of knowledge for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) is critical for both clinicians and researchers. However, due to the large number of clinical trials and published articles, searching for this knowledge is very labor-intensive. In the current study, using natural language processing (NLP), we analyzed medical research corpora related to recurrent glioblastoma to find potential targets and treatments. METHODS: We fine-tuned the 'SAPBERT', which was pretrained on biomedical ontologies, to perform question/answering (QA) and name entity recognition (NER) tasks for medical corpora...

The nematode Trichinella pseudospiralis is a cosmopolitan parasite capable of infecting both birds and mammals including humans. T. pseudospiralis has a limited zoonotic importance in comparison to that of the other Trichinella species. However, it has been recognized as the etiological agent of two outbreaks of trichinellosis due to the consumption of wild boar meat. The role played by birds in the epidemiology of T. pseudospiralis is still unclear and needs to be deepened. The aim of our work was to show the results of an extensive wild bird surveillance carried out in the Emilia-Romagna (E-R) region, northern Italy, over the last 16 years...

Indepth knowledge of injury and illness epidemiology in circus arts is lacking. Comparing results across studies is difficult due to inconsistent methods and definitions. In 2020, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus group proposed a standard method for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injuries and illnesses in sports and stated that sport-specific extension statements are needed to capture the context of each sport. This is the circus-specific extension to be used with the IOC consensus statement...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted using the rice field eel ( Monopterus albus ) with six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets of basic feed supplemented with different levels of methionine (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 g/kg). This study built upon previous research findings that showed dietary methionine restriction (M0, 0 g/kg) inhibited hepatic fatty acid metabolism and intestinal fatty acid transportation, but both are improved by dietary supplementation with a suitable level of methionine (M8, 8 g/kg)...

Since Darwin proposed that human musicality evolved through sexual selection, empirical evidence has supported intersexual selection as one of the adaptive functions of artistic propensities. However, intrasexual competition has been overlooked. We tested their relative importance by investigating the relationship between the self-perceived talent/expertise in 16 artistic and 2 sports modalities and proxies of intersexual selection (i.e., mate value, mating and parenting efforts, sociosexuality, and number of sexual partners) and intrasexual competition (i...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical burden of injuries incurred by circus students enrolled in a 3-year college training program. METHODS: Student (n=334) injury data derived from an in situ clinic was examined over a 7.5-year time frame from August 2009 to December 2016. Injury incidence rate (per 1,000 training hours) was calculated and clinical incidence (injuries/year) was examined in relation to year in program, sex, age, and circus discipline. Weekly and monthly injury incidence were plotted with respect to milestones in the scholastic training year...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the arts sector, disrupting livelihoods and professional networks and accentuating the instability that is common for creative workers. Gaps in support for grassroots organisations and freelance workers have highlighted structural inequalities within the industry, and the significant challenges for individual workers in the early stages of their career. Yet, the pandemic has also emphasised the importance of the arts as a community resource and its role in supporting wellbeing and togetherness...

Retrospective comparison of predictive models that describe competing hypotheses regarding system function can shed light on regulatory mechanisms within the framework of adaptive resource management. We applied this approach to a 28-year study of red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica) in Scotland, with the aims of reducing uncertainty regarding important drivers of grouse population dynamics, and of evaluating the efficacy of using seasonal versus annual model assessments. We developed three sets of models that predicted pre-breeding and post-breeding grouse density, matching the timing of grouse counts on the ground...

We describe the isolation, molecular characterization, and drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis recovered from lung tissues of four rescued captive sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) at Bannerghatta Biological Park (BBP), Bangalore, India. These bears had lived most of their life with humans in circus companies. They were rescued and housed in the Bear Rescue Center (BRC) of BBP. Upon rescue, they showed signs of unthriftiness, chronic debility, and failed to respond to symptomatic treatments. Over the period of the next 12-14 months, the four sloth bears died and the post-mortem examination revealed nodular lesions in the lungs that showed the presence of acid-fast bacilli...

The objectives of this retrospective study were 1) to characterize humeral fractures in raptors at a rehabilitation program, 2) to determine risk factors for closed and compound humeral fractures in the raptors, and 3) to investigate prognostic factors for humeral fractures in raptors. Of the 6017 birds of prey admitted over 15 years to the Université de Montréal raptor rehabilitation program, 461 birds presented with a humeral fracture. The highest occurrences of humeral fractures were documented in short-eared owls (33%; Asio flammeus ), Northern hawk-owls (24%; Surnia ulula ), long-eared owls (20%; Asio otus ), and Northern harriers (19%; Circus hudsonius )...