ACR-2 receptors

INTRODUCTION: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) are insensitive biomarkers for early detection of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). In this nationwide cross-sectional study, we assessed potential biomarkers for early HMOD in healthy persons and patients with hypertension. We hypothesised that plasma levels of biomarkers: (1) are different between healthy controls and patients with hypertension, (2): can classify patients with hypertension according to the degree of hypertension severity...

Neuroendocrine breast cancer (NEBC) is a rare and heterogeneous entity. It most commonly presents a luminal phenotype and a worse prognosis. When diagnosed in an advanced stage, metastasis from another neuroendocrine tumor should be excluded. This case features a premenopausal woman with an oligometastatic breast large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative. Since the patient was very symptomatic at the presentation of the disease, chemotherapy was started...

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are one of the standard treatments for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Some patients may opt for Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) of their own free will. However, there is no real-world evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of CHM. We aimed to explore the effectiveness of CHM for DKD in comparison to ARBs. We enrolled 732 DKD patients (72 used only CHM and 661 used ARBs) from 2007 to 2016, and all patients were followed until December 2016 at China Medical University Hospital in Taiwan...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and mechanism of action of mezagitamab (TAK-079), an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, in patients with moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: A phase 1b double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study was conducted in patients with SLE receiving standard background therapy. Eligible patients were adults who met the 2012 SLICC or ACR criteria for diagnosis, had a baseline SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score of ≥6 and were positive for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and/or anti-extractable nuclear antigens antibodies...

BACKGROUND: Treatment for autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), idiopathic inflammatory myositis, and systemic sclerosis often involves long-term immune suppression. Resetting aberrant autoimmunity in these diseases through deep depletion of B cells is a potential strategy for achieving sustained drug-free remission. METHODS: We evaluated 15 patients with severe SLE (8 patients), idiopathic inflammatory myositis (3 patients), or systemic sclerosis (4 patients) who received a single infusion of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells after preconditioning with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide...

There is a critical need for biomarkers of acute cellular rejection (ACR) in organ transplantation. We hypothesized that ACR leads to changes in donor-reactive T cell small extracellular vesicle (sEV) profiles in transplant recipient circulation that match the kinetics of alloreactive T cell activation. In rodent heart transplantation, circulating T cell sEV quantities (P < .0001) and their protein and mRNA cargoes showed time-specific expression of alloreactive and regulatory markers heralding early ACR in allogeneic transplant recipients but not in syngeneic transplant recipients...

Organisms sensing environmental cues and internal states and integrating the sensory information to control fecundity are essential for survival and proliferation. The present study finds that a moderate cold temperature of 11°C reduces egg laying in Caenorhabditis elegans. ASEL and AWC neurons sense the cold via GCY-20 signaling and act antagonistically on egg laying through the ASEL and AWC/AIA/HSN circuits. Upon cold stimulation, ASEL and AWC release glutamate to activate and inhibit AIA interneurons by acting on highly and lowly sensitive ionotropic GLR-2 and GLC-3 receptors, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a lower serologic response to vaccination compared to the general population. There is limited information regarding the serologic response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in the non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) population, particularly after the third dose and whether this response varies by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). METHODS: The NDD-CKD (G1-G5) patients who received 3 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were recruited from renal clinics within British Columbia and Ontario, Canada...

BACKGROUND: There is a need to assess myocardial damage after radiofrequency ablation of the pulmonary veins (PV) for persistent atrial fibrillation (PAF) in elderly patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate oxidative stress, inflammatory response and myocardial damage in elderly patients with PAF after radiofrequency ablation of the PV. METHODS: High-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), acrolein (ACR), lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2), angiotensin II (Ang II) and myocardial blood flow (MBF) were determined before ablation and at 1, 3 and 5 months after radiofrequency ablation...

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) supplementation on intestinal development and functions, inflammatory response, antioxidant capacity and the related signaling pathways in broilers aged d 1 to 14. A total of 240 one-day old male Arbor Acres broilers (40.47 ± 0.30 g) were randomly allotted to 4 groups, and each group consisted of 6 replicate pens with 10 broilers per replicate. Broilers fed a basal diet supplementation with COS at 0 (CON group), 200 (COS200 group), 400 (COS400 group), and 800 mg/kg (COS800 group) for 14 d, respectively...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glutamine on the growth performance and systemic innate immune response in broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella pullorum. A total of 600 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were assigned randomly to 6 dietary treatments with 10 replicates for a 21-day feeding experiment. The experimental treatments were as follows: the control treatment (birds fed the basal diet), the Gln1 treatment, and the Gln 2 treatment (birds fed the basal diet supplemented with 0...

This experiment aims to evaluate the effect of bile acids (BAs) in alleviating fatty liver disease induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in broilers, and the modulation of the gut microbiota involved in this process. A total of 192 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) commercial male broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated with the following diet: a basal-fat diet (BFD), a basal-fat diet plus bile acids (BFD + BAs), an HFD, and a high-fat diet plus bile acids (HFD + BAs). Bile acids were supplemented at the early growth stage (3-7 d), middle stage (17-21 d), and late stage (31-35 d)...

Medium-chain fatty acids and their derivatives are natural ingredients that support immunological functions in animals. The effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on intestinal innate immunity and associated molecular mechanisms were investigated using a chicken embryo model. Sixty-four Arbor Acres broiler embryos were randomly allocated into four groups. On embryonic day 17.5, the broiler embryos were administered with 9 mg of GML, which was followed by a 12-h incubation period and a 12-h challenge with 32 μg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)...

OBJECTIVE: Despite substantial advances in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), some patients do not respond to the current state-of-the art therapies. This study assessed the tolerability and efficacy of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in a small series of seriously ill and treatment-resistant patients with SLE. METHODS: Five patients with SLE (four female patients and one male patient) with a median age of 22 (range 18-24) years, a median disease duration of 4 (range 1-9) years, and active disease (median Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index score of 16 [range 8-16]) refractory to several immunosuppressive drug treatments were enrolled in a compassionate-use CAR-T cell program...

BACKGROUND: The exact pathogenesis of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis (IAC) is not fully understood, but an inflammatory profibrotic cascade, largely mediated by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- β1) has been implicated. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) both decrease the activity of TGF-β1. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of ACE-Is or ARBs use on the need for operative intervention in IAC. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients from a single institutional database with IAC, divided into two cohorts, with and without ACE-I and/or ARB use as the primary exposure and a minimum 2-year follow-up...

This study discusses the effects of resveratrol (RES) on the productive performance, immune function and intestinal barrier function of broiler chickens challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Two hundred and forty 1-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 replicates each, with 10 broilers per replicate. This experiment used a 2 × 2 factorial design with dietary factors (basal diets or basal diets supplemented with 400 mg/kg RES were administered from d 1 to 21) and stress factors (intraperitoneal injection of 0...

BACKGROUND: Most idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lung transplant recipients (IPF-LTRs) have short telomere (ST) length. Inherited mutations in telomere-related genes are associated with the development of T cell immunodeficiency. Despite this, IPF-LTRs with telomere-related rare variants are not protected from acute cellular rejection (ACR). We set out to determine the impact of both age and telomere length on the circulating T cell compartment and ACR burden of IPF-LTRs. METHODS: We identified 106 IPF-LTRs who had telomere length testing using flowFISH (57 with short telomeres and 49 with long telomeres) as well as a subset from both cohorts who had cryopreserved PBMC at least 1 time point, 6 months posttransplantation...

INTRODUCTION: Autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R-Ab) have been previously associated with de novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) formation in lung transplantation. However, data regarding the clinical significance of AT1R-Ab in long-term graft function after lung transplantation are lacking. METHODS: Seventy-one patients who underwent lung transplantation between July 2016 and January 2020 were enrolled in this study. We examined the relationship between pre-transplant AT1R-Ab levels and graft function, clinical outcomes, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DSA levels during the first 3 years post-transplantation...

BACKGROUND: Reducing Salmonella infection in broiler chickens by using effective and safe alternatives to antibiotics is vital to provide safer poultry meat and minimize the emergence of drug-resistant Salmonella and the spread of salmonellosis to humans. This study was to first evaluate the protective efficacy of feeding coated essential oils and organic acids mixture (EOA) on broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis, SE), and then its action mechanism was further explored...

Current guidelines for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) evaluation are based on animal models. These have limitations so more relevant, efficient and robust approaches for DNT assessment are needed. We have used the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell model to evaluate a panel of 93 mRNA markers that are frequent in Neuronal diseases and functional annotations and also differentially expressed during retinoic acid-induced differentiation in the cell model. Rotenone, valproic acid (VPA), acrylamide (ACR) and methylmercury chloride (MeHg) were used as DNT positive compounds...