Pleuritis

INTRODUCTION: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most frequent monogenic auto-inflammatory disease worldwide responsible for episodes of fever, serositis and musculoskeletal symptoms. Inflammatory attacks are responsible for sedentary behavior and FMF patients may be at increased cardiovascular risk. Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) and physical capacities during adolescence are associated with cardiovascular mortality in adulthood. In this study, we aimed to describe the physical fitness of FMF adolescents...

BACKGROUND: Lung damage in systemic juvenile arthritis (sJIA) is one of the contemporary topics in pediatric rheumatology. Several previous studies showed the severe course and fatal outcomes in some patients. The information about interstitial lung disease (ILD) in the sJIA is scarce and limited to a total of 100 cases. AIM: To describe the features of sJIA patients with ILD in detail. METHODS: In the present retrospective cohort study, information about 5 patients less than 18-years-old with sJIA and ILD were included...

BACKGROUND: VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) is a hematoinflammatory disease that typically affects adults. It results from a somatic mutation of the E1 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme encoded by the UBA1 gene. VEXAS is frequently accompanied by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The purpose of this study is to describe the ocular and orbital manifestations of VEXAS patients in a case series in our medical centre. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients who were diagnosed with VEXAS syndrome in a tertiary medical centre over two years...

Connective tissue diseases (CTD) are heterogeneous, immune-mediated inflammatory disorders often presenting with multiorgan involvement. With the advent of high-resolution computed tomography, CTD-related pleuritis-pleural thickening and effusion-is now increasingly recognized early in the disease trajectory. The natural history of CTD-related pleural effusions varies from spontaneous resolution to progressive fibrothorax with ventilatory impairment. Treatment of the underlying CTD is necessary to manage the pleural disease...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to examine the inter-relationships between pig farm management and facilities (as assessed by questionnaire) and post-mortem lung lesion (lung score assesment), which are the result of respiratory infections. The relationships between carcass characteristics and post-mortem lung lesion scores were also investigated. RESULTS: Questionnaire responses were collected from 22 self-selecting pig farmers about their farm facilities/management and health condition of the respiratory system of pigs, including the occurrence of clinical respiratory signs, results of laboratory testing for respiratory pathogens, and the use of respiratory vaccines...

A 46-year-old male patient presented with inflammatory diseases over more than 3 years. The patient suffered from recurrent pleuritis, polychondritis, orbital phlegmon, fever, and skin lesions. A bone marrow puncture added myelodysplastic syndrome to the patient's history. A focused cytomorphological reinvestigation of the archived bone marrow aspirate smears detected significant vacuolization of erythroid and myeloid precursor cells. Target sequencing revealed the UBA1 (p.Met41Thr) hotspot mutation that established the diagnosis of VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome...

BACKGROUND: Nearly half of the Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients develop lung involvement. The study assessed the extent of pulmonary involvement among SLE patients and to identify the associated factors in the population. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Aseer Hospital and Khamis Myshat Hospital in the Southern region of Saudi Arabia. The study spanned from January 1, 2016, to June 3, 2023. Patient inclusion criteria encompassed individuals who received a definitive diagnosis and classification as per American College of Rheumatology criteria, while patients under 18 years of age and those with mixed connective tissue diseases were exclude...

The intensification of pig farming has posed significant challenges in managing and preventing sanitary problems, particularly diseases of the respiratory complex. Monitoring at slaughter is an important control tool and cannot be overstated. Hence, this study aimed at characterizing both macroscopical and microscopical lesions and identifying the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo), and Pasteurella multocida (PM) associated with pleurisy in swine. For this, a selected slaughterhouse in São Paulo State underwent a thorough examination of carcasses on the slaughter line, followed by lung sampling...

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an important cause of death in cats. Thoracic manifestations are less common than abdominal manifestations, and FIP-associated respiratory disease is poorly documented. This study aimed to investigate pathological findings in the respiratory tract of cats with FIP and the occurrence and distribution of feline coronavirus antigen in the respiratory tract using immunohistochemistry. A retrospective study was carried out on 112 cats with FIP, of which 66 had inflammatory histological lesions in the respiratory tract (58...

OBJECTIVE: Do the 3.5 million US veterans, who primarily utilize private healthcare, have similar burn pit exposure and disease compared to the VA Burn Pit registry. METHODS: Online volunteer survey of Gulf War and Post-9/11 veterans. RESULTS: Burn pit exposure had significantly higher odds of extremity numbness, aching pain and burning, asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease, constrictive bronchiolitis, pleuritis, and pulmonary fibrosis...

Mannheimia haemolytica -associated abomasitis has been clinically described as a cause of sudden death in lambs, but it is poorly characterized. We describe the pathological features of a severe fibrinonecrotizing abomasitis in 3 lambs that died suddenly. All 3 abomasums had a thickened submucosa due to edema and necrotic areas delimited by bands of degenerate neutrophils with slender nuclei (oat cells) and angiocentric distributions. The overlying mucosa was congested. Myriads of gram-negative coccobacilli were observed within the oat cell bands...

The Naganishia species is a mycosis , previously classified as a non- neoformans Cryptococcus species. The increased number of naganishial infections occurs predominantly in immunocompromised conditions, especially in people living with HIV with low CD4 cell count, primary immunodeficiencies, and iatrogenic immunosuppression. The lungs can serve as the primary site of infection, leading to various pulmonary manifestations. However, naganishial pleural effusions are unrecognized and challenged in diagnosis because of their presentation, which can mimic tuberculous pleural effusion...

Hepatic hydrothorax is a pleural effusion (typically ≥500 mL) that develops in patients with cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension in the absence of other causes. In most cases, hepatic hydrothorax is seen in patients with ascites. However, ascites is not always found at diagnosis and is not clinically detected in 20% of patients with hepatic hydrothorax. Some patients have no symptoms and incidental findings on radiologic examination lead to the diagnosis of the condition. In the majority of cases, the patients present with symptoms such as dyspnea at rest, cough, nausea, and pleuritic chest pain...

PURPOSE: We describe the manifestations and course of patients with pleuropericarditis (PP). Serum parameters were analyzed to evaluate the contribution of autoimmune and autoinflammatory mechanisms to PP pathogenesis. Finally, we outline risk factors for recurrent PP attacks. METHODS: Electronic medical records of the University Hospital Heidelberg were screened for PP diagnosis between the years 2009 and 2021. A total of 164 patients were detected and compared to patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-associated PP...

We describe an unusual outbreak of mortality in suckling piglets following the misadministration of an oral vaccine against Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Choleraesuis. Within 3-48 h of vaccination of a batch of ~700 piglets, ~300 developed marked swelling in the dorsal neck region, respiratory distress, fever, recumbency, and apathy. In total, ~100 died, and 4 were submitted for autopsy. Gross and microscopic lesions consisted of focally extensive areas of purple discoloration in the skin of the cervical region, associated with edema and hemorrhage in the subcutis and muscles...

BACKGROUND: Diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) in patients presenting with Lymphocyte-Predominant Exudative pleural effusion (LPE) is challenging, due to the poor clinical utility of TB culture. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been recommended for diagnosis, but its high cost and limited availability hinder its clinical utility. We aim to develop diagnostic prediction tools for Thai patients with LPE in scenarios where pleural fluid ADA is available but yields negative results and in situations where pleural fluid ADA is not available...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is one of the most common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We highlight the latest epidemiology of TBP, the heterogeneity of its presentation and the performance of different diagnostic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: There are differential trends in the incidences of TBP worldwide. Its incidence increased in China but decreased in the United States in the past decade. The presentation of TBP is heterogeneous regarding clinical symptoms, radiological findings and pleural fluid analysis results...

A 23-year-old domestic donkey (Equus asinus) referred for severe respiratory distress due to suspected equine asthma. Ultrasound of the chest revealed bilateral irregular pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion. Airway endoscopy and tracheal wash cytology showed severe neutrophilic inflammation and bacterial culture was positive for Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Despite aggressive treatment, the donkey died in 48 hours. On post-mortem examination, the lung was whitish, collapsed, and firm, with fibrotic multifocal nodular areas...

The patient is a 51-year-old female with comorbidity of schizophrenia. At the age of 41, she underwent surgery for bilateral breast cancer. Both sides were of the Luminal type, with Stage ⅢC on the right and Stage 0 on the left. She started to receive adjuvant chemotherapy but it was interrupted according to her wish. Approximately 3 years ago, she developed carcinomatous pleuritis, multiple liver metastases, and bone metastases. Despite receiving chemotherapy, her condition worsened. A BRACAnalysis revealed pathogenic variants in BRCA2...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to validate slaughterhouse indicators collected during meat inspection as an alternative to on-farm animal welfare indicators. For this purpose, the assessments of twelve on-farm and seven slaughterhouse indicators of 628 pigs from three different farms were combined into three indices, differentiated between on-farm and slaughterhouse: (1) limb health, (2) other organ health, and (3) respiratory health. At first, an assessment at animal-level using agreement parameters was carried out to ascertain whether the same welfare or health issues were identified on-farm and at slaughterhouse, taking the production period (farrowing, rearing and fattening period) and the last weeks before slaughtering into account...