keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37767917/long-term-safety-and-effectiveness-of-alirocumab-and-evolocumab-in-familial-hypercholesterolemia-fh-in-belgium
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marc Snel, Olivier S Descamps
Background: In 2019, the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) published updated guidelines, recommending even lower blood cholesterol targets than previously. In patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), who have very elevated blood cholesterol levels and are at ('Very') 'High risk' of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), this represents a real challenge. Anti-Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 monoclonal antibody (anti-PCSK9 mAb) has been commercially available for FH in Belgium since 2015...
September 28, 2023: Acta Cardiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35848473/familial-hypercholesterolemia-treatment-update-in-children-systematic-review
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabina Ziółkowska, Noëlle Kijek, Iga Zendran, Ewa Szuster, Ewa Barg
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is one of the most common genetic diseases, and its first symptoms occur in childhood. Proper diagnosis and treatment prevent young patients from severe consequences in their future. The treatment of this dyslipidaemia is still evolving, and new promising agents are being discovered. In this review we summarize the old and new treatment methods of familial hypercholesterolaemia, giving an update estimated on the latest publications.
2022: Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34006354/dysbetalipoproteinemia-and-other-lipid-abnormalities-related-to-apo-e
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Cenarro, Ana M Bea, Irene Gracia-Rubio, Fernando Civeira
Dysbetalipoproteinaemia (or type III hyperlipoproteinaemia) is a severe mixed hyperlipidaemia resulting from the accumulation of remnant chylomicron and VLDL particles in plasma, also called β-VLDL. It is caused by a defect in the recognition by hepatic LDL and lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) of β-VLDL. Mutations in the APOE gene, especially in subjects homozygous for the ɛ2/ɛ2 allele, are responsible for this lack of receptor recognition. Dysbetalipoproteinaemia represents 2-5% of the mixed dyslipidaemias seen in Lipid Units, is highly atherogenic and predisposes to diffuse atheromatosis, either coronary, peripheral vascular, or carotid, so early diagnosis and treatment is necessary...
May 2021: Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17663088/serum-remnant-lipoprotein-cholesterol-triglyceride-ratio-as-an-index-for-screening-familial-type-iii-hyperlipidaemia
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katsuyuki Nakajima, Masahiro Daimon, Kiyoshi Kamiyama, Kunihiko Takanashi, Yukiko Suzuki, Masakazu Watanabe, Katsuo Kubono, Abby R Saniabadi, Sei-ichi Takashima, Ikunosuke Sakurabayashi
BACKGROUND: An elevated serum remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C)/triglyceride (TG) ratio has not been evaluated as an index of familial type III hyperlipidaemia defined by the presence of beta-VLDL and apolipoprotein (Apo) E2/2 phenotype in the Japanese hyperlipidaemic population. METHODS: Serum lipids and lipoproteins from 514 individuals (200 men and 314 women, mean age 58 years) with total cholesterol >6.22 mmol/L and TG between 2.26 mmol/L and 9.04 mmol/L, selected from 25,080 subjects visiting the clinics for health checkup were analysed for a possible relationship with familial type III hyperlipoproteinaemia...
July 2007: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17543235/hyperglycemia-induced-oxidative-stress-in-type-1-and-type-2-diabetic-patients-with-and-without-nephropathy
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G S Dave, K Kalia
Diabetes mellitus is associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipoproteinaemia and oxidative stress at cellular level. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between anti-oxidative system of cells and hyperglycemia induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in type-1 and type-2 diabetic patients with and without nephropathy. ROS are anihilated by an intracellular enzymatic system such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and the reduced glutathione (GSH) is the major antioxidant of erythrocytes and plasma...
May 30, 2007: Cellular and Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17530469/short-term-therapy-with-atorvastatin-or-fenofibrate-does-not-affect-plasma-ghrelin-resistin-or-adiponectin-levels-in-type-2-diabetic-patients-with-mixed-hyperlipoproteinaemia
#6
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
C Otto, B Otto, R J A Frost, M Vogeser, A F H Pfeiffer, J Spranger, K G Parhofer
Lipid-lowering therapy is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether lipid-lowering therapy might be associated with changes in the concentrations of metabolically important hormone concentrations. We performed a randomised cross-over open-label trial with atorvastatin (10 mg/day) and fenofibrate (200 mg/day), each for 6 weeks separated by a 6-week washout period in 13 patients (5 men, 8 women, age 60.0+/-6.8 years, body mass index 30.0+/-3.0 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mixed hyperlipoproteinaemia...
June 2007: Acta Diabetologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16829372/fat-elimination-in-acute-renal-failure
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Druml, K Widhalm, A Laggner, G Kleinberger, K Lenz
Lipid metabolism and elimination of parenterally administered fat were investigated in 15 patients with acute renal failure (ARF). The mean triglyceride level was elevated to 2.56 +/- 1.43 mmol/l and the mean cholesterol level was 3.32 +/- 0.66 mmol/l, which is slightly below the normal range. A type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia was present in 47 per cent of the patients. The triglyceride content of LDL and VLDL was elevated and the cholesterol concentration of HDL and of LDL was reduced markedly. The fractional removal rate of triglycerides (K2) evaluated by an intravenous fat tolerance test using a bolus technique was reduced to 2...
July 1982: Clinical Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15635875/-prevalence-of-dyslipidaemia-hypertension-and-vascular-complications-in-newly-diagnosed-diabetics-prospective-study-part-2
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Perusicová
UNLABELLED: In a 10-year prospective study of a group of 314 newly manifested diabetics (1988-1991) aged 20-65 years the authors follow up the development of diabetic complications and therapeutic methods used in diabetes. 85 patients were classified on detection of diabetes as diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, 228 as DM type 2. At the age under 30 years there were 10 subjects (group M), the remainder (304) formed group A. In this second part of the initial results the authors provide information on biochemical changes, prevalence of hypertension and vascular complications already during manifestation of DM...
March 2001: Vnitr̆ní Lékar̆ství
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12731756/lipid-evaluation-in-hiv-1-positive-patients-treated-with-protease-inhibitors
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H H Schmidt, G Behrens, J Genschel, M Stoll, A Dejam, R Haas, M P Manns, R E Schmidt
There is accumulating evidence that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors (PIs) can induce hyperlipidaemia. To evaluate the frequency and type of hyperlipidaemia in PI-treated patients, 98 outpatients were prospectively analysed for their lipoprotein characteristics at the Medizinische Hochschule in Hannover, Germany. Fifty-seven percent of the patients studied presented with hyperlipidaemia. Both hypertrigylceridaemia (type IV and V hyperlipoproteinaemia, 33%) and hypercholesterolaemia (type IIa hyperlipoproteinaemia, 6%) were detectable...
1999: Antiviral Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12635547/-from-gene-to-disease-apolipoprotein-e2-and-familial-dysbetalipoproteinemia
#10
REVIEW
A H M Smelt
Familial dysbetalipoproteinaemia is an autosomal recessive, hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism caused by mutations in the apolipoprotein E gene. Homozygosity for apoE2 (1 in 170 persons) causes type III hyperlipoproteinaemia in less than 20% of the adult E2 homozygotes. The patients may present with typical skin lesions and have elevated plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, mainly in very-low-density lipoprotein remnants and intermediate density lipoproteins. The disorder is associated with peripheral and coronary artery disease...
January 25, 2003: Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12388922/comparative-analysis-of-lipid-profiles-assessed-by-ultracentrifugation-in-patients-with-various-hyperlipoproteinaemia-types-in-correlation-with-hepatic-steatosis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tadeusz Tacikowski, Jan Dzieniszewski, Grazyna Nowicka, Janusz Ciok
BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to compare lipid profile assessed by ultracentrifugation in various types of hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) in correlation with obesity and hepatic steatosis diagnosed in the ultrasonic examination of the abdominal cavity. MATERIAL/METHODS: We studied 64 patients (38 women and 26 men with a mean age of 53.5 years) with various types of HLP, divided into two groups: 1) hypercholesterolemia, 2) mixed hyperlipoproteinemia. Lipid profile by ultracentrifugation was performed simultaneously with ultrasonic examination...
October 2002: Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/12061202/-direct-percutaneous-transluminal-coronary-angioplasty-in-patients-with-acute-myocardial-infarct-treated-at-the-cardiac-center-of-the-general-medical-school-hospital-in-prague-a-1-year-retrospective-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Holm, T Kovárník, M Aschermann, S Simek, A Linhart, J Humhal, R Skulec, V Reznícek
UNLABELLED: Direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (d-PTCA) in patients with acute myocardial infarctions (AIM) has become an alternative of thrombolytic treatment. If the involved department has adequate experience the success rate of the procedure is high and the immediate and long-term results are better than those of thrombolysis. Moreover contrary to thrombolytic treatment successful percutaneous coronary intervention in AIM is more beneficial for patients also later than 6 hours after the development of infarction pain...
May 2002: Vnitr̆ní Lékar̆ství
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11463929/protease-inhibitor-related-type-iii-hyperlipoproteinaemia-is-common-and-not-associated-with-apolipoprotein-e-e2-e2-phenotype
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Shahmanesh, H Jaleel, Y DeSilva, J D Ross, M Caslake, R Cramb
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of type III hyperlipoproteinaemia in a cohort of HIV infected patients taking protease inhibitors and its correlation with the apolipoprotein-E2 isoform. DESIGN: Cross sectional study of 57 consecutive HIV infected subjects taking protease inhibitor therapy for a median of 12.5 (1-29) months, seen in an outpatient HIV clinic. Controls were 17 patients on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptor inhibitor therapy (NNRTI) for 9 (1-19) months and 50 antiviral naive patients...
August 2001: Sexually Transmitted Infections
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11395029/randomised-controlled-trial-of-use-by-hypercholesterolaemic-patients-of-a-vegetable-oil-sterol-enriched-fat-spread
#14
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
H A Neil, G W Meijer, L S Roe
Plant sterols may be a useful additive therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemic patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a fat spread enriched with vegetable oil sterols on plasma lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein concentrations. A randomised double blind placebo-controlled crossover trial with two consecutive periods of 8 weeks was conducted. 30 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia treated concurrently with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) and 32 patients with type IIa primary hypercholesterolaemia with a total cholesterol concentration >6...
June 2001: Atherosclerosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11099402/a-compound-heterozygote-for-a-novel-missense-mutation-g105r-in-exon-3-and-a-missense-mutation-d204e-in-exon-5-of-the-lipoprotein-lipase-gene-in-a-japanese-infant-with-hyperchylomicronaemia
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Ikeda, K Goji, A Takagi
We systematically investigated the molecular defects resulting in primary lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency in a Japanese male infant (hereafter called 'the patient') with severe fasting hypertriglyceridaemia (type I hyperlipoproteinaemia). The primary LPL deficiency was diagnosed on the basis of the findings that no LPL activity was detected in post-heparin plasma (PHP) and that the immunoreactive LPL mass in PHP was less than 2% of the control level. The patient was a compound heterozygote for a novel missense mutation (G(568)GA-->AGA/Gly(105)-->Arg; G105R) in exon 3 and a missense mutation (GAC(867)-->GAG/Asp(204)-->Glu; D204E) in exon 5 of the LPL gene...
December 2000: Clinical Science (1979-)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10911769/dietary-fat-clearance-in-type-v-hyperlipoproteinaemia-secondary-to-a-rare-variant-of-human-apolipoprotein-e-the-apolipoprotein-e3-arg-136-ser
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Vialettes, P Reynier, C Atlan-Gepner, N Mekki, L Lesluyes-Mazzochi, G Luc, D Lairon, Y Malthiery
This present case report describes two siblings with severe type V hyperlipoproteinaemia, diagnosed very early in life and due to the combination of the common apolipoprotein (Apo) E2 allele and rare mutant variant of ApoE, ApoE3 (Arg 136-->Ser). Phenotyping of ApoE falsely identified E2/E2 phenotype. The presence of mutated ApoE was suspected on an unusual restriction polymorphism of a Hha 1 restriction site and confirmed by sequence analysis of the cloned polymerase chain reaction fragment of exon 4 and familial segregation study...
June 2000: British Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10421988/-epidemiology-of-cardio-vascular-complications-of-diabetes
#17
REVIEW
A Grimaldi, A Heurtier
Epidemiologic studies indicate that hyperglycaemia is responsible for microangiopathy, but that its role in macroangiopathy is more controversial. The relative risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is 2- to 3-fold greater for diabetic men and 3- to 5-fold greater for diabetic women. It is greater for lower limb arteriopathy (4- to 6-fold) and amputations (10- to 20-fold). Although relative risk is rather constant for different populations, absolute CHD risk depends on other risk factors and the rate of risk in the non-diabetic population...
June 1999: Diabetes & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10421477/paraoxonase-and-arylesterase-activities-in-the-serum-of-two-hyperlipoproteinaemic-patients-after-repeated-extracorporal-lipid-precipitation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Reiner, D Svedruzic, V Simeon-Rudolf, V Lipovac, M Gavella, V Mrzljak
The effect of heparin-induced extracorporal lipid precipitation (HELP) on the activities of paraoxonase (EC 3.1.8.1) and arylesterase (EC 3.1.1.2) was studied in serum of a patient with hyperlipoproteinaemia (A) and of a patient with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and hyperlipoproteinaemia (B). The enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically (Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4, 37 degrees C) with paraoxon and phenylacetate as substrates of paraoxonase and arylesterase, respectively. Both patients underwent HELP applications once a week over a period of 7 weeks...
May 14, 1999: Chemico-biological Interactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10337179/-chylomicronemia-syndrome-complicating-type-1-hyperlipoproteinemia-with-concomitant-insulin-dependent-diabetes
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Z Wojtukiewicz, D Lemancewicz, J Dziecioł, L Chrostek
The case of chylomicronaemia syndrome complicating clinical course of type-1 hyperlipoproteinaemia and insulin-dependent diabetes is described. The patient required hypoglycaemic and lipid-lowering therapy.
February 1999: Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski: Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9864558/-management-of-atherogenic-hyperlipidemia
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Turpin, E Bruckert
After defining the type of hyperlipoproteinaemia (the three main are IIa, IIb and IV), confirming its primary nature (i.e. after eliminating the various causes of secondary hyperlipoproteinaemia) and after defining the therapeutic objective (different according to the context of primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention), treatment must be prescribed. It always consists of diet, and very often a lipid-lowering drug. The remarkable results obtained with statins in studies of primary prevention, secondary prevention and regression of atherosclerosis does not mean that they can be prescribed blindly...
November 1998: Annales de Cardiologie et D'angéiologie
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