Bizarre

BACKGROUND: Primary Raynaud's phenomenon (pRP) is difficult to distinguish from secondary (sRP). Although nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) may detect early alterations, no universal criteria yet discriminate between pRP from sRP. OBJECTIVES: To create and validate two NFC scores that could distinguish pRP from sRP and that could predict systemic sclerosis (SSc), respectively. METHODS: We performed NFC on two separate cohorts with isolated RP, and recorded number of capillaries per field, enlarged/giant capillaries, crossed/bizarre patterns, microhemorrhages, neoangiogenesis, rarefaction, edema, blood flow velocity, stasis...

BACKGROUND: Pre-diagnostic stages of psychotic illnesses, including 'clinical high risk' (CHR), are marked by sleep disturbances. These sleep disturbances appear to represent a key aspect in the etiology and maintenance of psychotic disorders. We aimed to examine the relationship between self-reported sleep dysfunction and attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) on a day-to-day basis. METHODS: Seventy-six CHR young people completed the Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) component of the European Union Gene-Environment Interaction Study, collected through PsyMate® devices, prompting sleep and symptom questionnaires 10 times daily for 6 days...

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), a class of new psychoactive substances (NPS) commonly known as "spice," has rapidly gained popularity and become the most ubiquitous NPS on the illegitimate drug market. SCs, unlike natural cannabis (NC), are not controlled by international drug conventions, posing a significant risk to public health. These substances are easily accessible, relatively inexpensive, and challenging to detect in routine drug screenings. The existing literature provides strong evidence of an association between NC use and psychosis, but there is significantly less data on SC psychosis...

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To study the psychopathological mechanisms of the development of the prodromal stage of psychosis in order to identify risk factors for the formation of psychosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: In this research 137 patients with newly diagnosed psychosis were examined: 65 patients with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia; 72 patients - with a diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder. RESULTS: Results: According to the analysis of symptoms using the PANSS, the absence of signs of an anxious state, conceptual disorganization of thinking, emotional withdrowal are reliable signs of PPP in PS, and unusual thought content, absence of signs of stereotyped thinking, tension, anxiety, and hallucinations are reliable signs of PPP in APPD...

INTRODUCTION: Nora's lesion or bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) is a rare, benign lesion of small bones of hands and feet in adults. It composed of differing amounts of cartilage, bone, and spindle cells and an unusual form of calcified cartilage so-called "blue bone". CASE REPORT: A 23-year-old male presented with swelling at the lateral side of the fifth toe of his right foot, which was separated from the adjacent toe. Radiographs showed a mass arising from the proximal phalanx of the little toe, with no medullary and cortical continuity...

INTRODUCTION: Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP) is a rare benign lesion commonly referred to as Nora's lesion. It typically affects adults in their 20s-30s. Due to its aggressive local invasion, it can be confused with some malignant tumors, including chondrosarcoma. Nora's lesion can be diagnosed radiographically, and its diagnosis is confirmed with an excisional biopsy. CASE REPORT: A 40-year-old Bahraini male complained of swelling over the metatarsal head of the second digit, increasing in size over a year...

Wrist injuries are not uncommon in forensic routine and are usually found in the context of suicides or as a result of psychiatric illnesses, e.g., borderline disorders. Sharp objects (knives, broken glass, etc.) are usually used. In the case reported here, a paranoid-schizophrenic man not only injured himself with razor blades on both wrists, but he also inflicted extensive wrist bite injuries using his dental prosthesis. In addition to the severance of flexor tendons, venous vessels and the left radial artery were torn with subsequent blood loss...

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, is believed to be influenced by various factors including environmental exposures. A potential environmental factor is the infection by the obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii which affects neurotransmitter levels, which could potentially exacerbate, trigger symptoms of schizophrenia or make them worst. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and psychopathological presentation in persons with schizophrenia in Ecuador...

Superficial CD34 positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT) is a recently described soft tissue tumor of intermediate grade with predilection for subcutaneous and superficial fascial planes. Morphological diagnosis of these tumors can be challenging because of overlapping features with other benign and malignant soft tissue tumors of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic origin. A middle-aged man came with a subcutaneous mass in the left thigh. Microscopic examination showed features of an SCPFT comprised of a circumscribed spindle cell tumor with focal striking pleomorphism and bizarre hyperchromatic nuclei...

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) is also known as Nora's disease. It is a benign lesion. Even though recent studies showed probable neoplastic etiology, the exact cause is unknown. BPOP commonly involves small bones of hands and feet. This condition is rare and very few cases are reported. In this report, two cases are presented with clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings. The first case was a 38-year-old female presented with 3-year history of mild painful swelling in the left middle finger and the second case was a 28-year-old male with the left leg swelling for 8 years...

INTRODUCTION: Neurotoxicity is a well-documented side effect of ifosfamide chemotherapy. The presentation includes hallucinations, seizures, disorientation, coma, and death. Treatment with methylene blue can shorten the duration and severity of symptoms. Ifosfamide neurotoxicity almost always happens during or shortly after drug infusion and so is usually immediately recognized. Here, we describe a case of ifosfamide neurotoxicity with onset 14 days after treatment started. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old woman with round cell sarcoma of the jaw presented to the emergency department with 2 days of encephalopathy and bizarre behavior...

MIFS is a low-grade fibroblastic sarcoma that predilects to superficial distal extremity soft tissue. It is composed of plump spindled and epithelioid cells, inflammatory infiltrates, and mucin deposits in a fibrosclerotic stroma. Large epithelioid cells harboring bizarre nuclei and virocyte-like macronucleoli and pleomorphic pseudolipoblasts are characteristic. While conventional MIFS has locally recurrent potential but minimal metastatic risk, tumors with high-grade histologic features have a greater risk for recurrence and metastasis...

Online radicalization has gained considerable attention in the media and in academia. Much attention has shifted to so-called "homegrown terrorists." Mental health concerns of those who display signs of online radicalization are identified as a potential contributing factor to this process. Although it seems both tempting to attribute mental health concerns, attempts to "make sense" of schizoposting (a bizarre and often violent form of online engagement) via conventional "clinical" analysis prove insufficient...

A woman presented with a painless swelling in front of her right auricle, which, on examination, seemed to be a hard, immobile mass arising from the right parotid gland. CT scan showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland with partial extension into the deep lobe. Fine needle aspiration cytology suggested a high-grade transformation (HGT) with the presence of bizarre tumour cells. She underwent a right-sided total parotidectomy with transient facial neuropraxia in the postoperative period...

For over 70 million years, during the Paleozoic, the placoderms (Greek for 'plated skin'), an extinct group of armoured fishes, were the most abundant and diverse vertebrates on our planet. Some of the first placoderm fossils discovered - such as Bothriolepis with its bone-covered pectoral fins - seemed so bizarre that they were thought to represent turtles or ancient beetles. All placoderms bear thick overlapping dermal plates around the head (called the 'head shield') and an area of the body covered in similar overlapping plates enveloping the pectoral to anal region (called the 'trunk-shield')...

(1) Background: Considering that the specialty literature supplies only general data about the variability of the cervical branch of the facial nerve, this study aimed to determine this branch's variation and individual peculiarities depending on the nerve branching pattern and anthropometric type of the head. (2) Methods: The study was conducted on 75 hemifaces of adult formalized cadavers. Ahead of anatomical dissection, each head was measured to establish the anthropometric type, according to Franco and colleagues...

RATIONALE: A huge hypertrophic scar formation secondary to chronic ingrown toe nail mimicking tumor is a rare disease. It is not only causing concerns cosmetically, but also hindering normal daily activities physically and socially. In this paper, we present an unusual case of bilateral ingrown nails with different phases. One resulted in a large hypertrophic scar caused by stimulation from secondary to chronic ingrown nail. PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS: A 44-year-old man with a huge mass (7 × 4 × 8...

The family Baetiscidae Edmunds & Traver, 1954 is recognisable among mayflies due to its bizarre larvae, equipped with a robust and spiked thoracic notal shield covering part of the abdomen up to sixth segment. Originally being described as extant species from the USA and Canada, Baetiscidae were later found in the fossil record as well, specifically in Cretaceous of Brazil and Eocene Baltic amber. An enigmatic piece of fossil evidence are two larvae from the Early Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed in Australia, which have been presumed as attributable to Baetiscidae and briefly discussed in previous studies...

INTRODUCTION: Headache is a widely prevalent illness that negatively impacts people's lives, leaving them functionally incapable of performing regular everyday tasks. The global burden of headache is 40%, of which migraine accounts for 47%. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the frequency of migraine among medical students of Lahore and its characteristics, associated triggers, and relievers among medical students. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted in medical colleges after obtaining ethical approval...

A Nora's lesion, a rare and typically non-cancerous growth originating from the parosteal osteochondromatous tissue, primarily manifests in the hands and feet. Despite its benign nature, diagnosing Nora's lesions is complex due to their tendency to exhibit aggressive features in imaging scans and the ambiguity encountered in histological examinations. This rarity is evidenced by the limited number of reported cases in medical literature since its initial discovery. Detailing a distinctive instance, we document a specific case of a Nora's lesion situated on the dorsum of the left hand, specifically above the shafts of the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones...