NAD Ratio

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Vibrio vulnificus infection, share diagnosis and treatment experience, and establish a rapid diagnosis procedure for this disease. Methods: This study was a retrospective case series study. From January 2009 to November 2022, 11 patients with Vibrio vulnificus infection who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Burns and Wound Repair of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University...

Honey bees have a very interesting phenomenon where the larval diets of two different honey bee species are exchanged, resulting in altered phenotypes, namely, a honey bee nutritional crossbreed. This is a classical epigenetic process, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the contribution of DNA methylation to the phenotypic alternation of a Apis mellifera-Apis cerana nutritional crossbreed. We used a full nutritional crossbreed technique to rear A. cerana queens by feeding their larvae with A...

Background and Objectives : Available evidence reports the overexpression of β1 integrin in dysplastic rather than normal cervical tissue. We aimed to evaluate the involvement of β1 (CD29) integrin in the progressive pathogenesis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Materials and Methods : From January 2019 to December 2021, we prospectively enrolled women undergoing a colposcopy with a cervical biopsy for abnormal cervical cytology and/or undefined cytology with a positive HPV DNA test and women with relapsing cervical inflammatory disorders...

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the glycolytic activity of adenomyosis, which is characterized by malignant biological behaviors including abnormal cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell regulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. METHODS: From January 2021 to August 2022, a total of 15 patients who underwent total hysterectomy for adenomyosis and 14 patients who had non-endometrial diseases, specifically with cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and uterine myoma, were included in this study...

Cadmium (Cd) and high molybdenum (Mo) are injurious to the body. Previous research has substantiated that Cd and Mo exposure caused testicular injury of ducks, but concrete mechanism is not fully clarified. To further survey the toxicity of co-exposure to Cd and Mo in testis, 40 healthy 8-day-old Shaoxing ducks (Anas platyrhyncha) were stochasticly distributed to 4 groups and raised with basic diet embracing Cd (4 mg/kg Cd) or Mo (100 mg/kg Mo) or both. At the 16th wk, testis tissues were gathered. The characteristic ultrastructural changes related to apoptosis and ferroptosis were observed in Mo or Cd or both groups...

BACKGROUND: Talaromycosis is a serious opportunistic infectious disease caused by Talaromyces marneffei , which mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients. The disease is mainly prevalent in tropical countries and regions of Southeast Asia and South Asia, but non-endemic areas also have patients with Talaromycosis. The disease has no characteristic clinical manifestations and is difficult to diagnose. Delayed diagnosis often leads to death. CASE PRESENTATION: Both patients had cellular immunodeficiency...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We investigated the reliability of near-infrared reflectance (NIR) imaging as a method of assessing severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred ninety-five NIR images were reviewed by two graders for the number of hyporeflective foci, presence or absence of vascular abnormalities, and presumptive DR stage; these were correlated to fundus photography-defined DR stage. Interrater reliability was confirmed via one-way random effects model of intraclass correlation coefficients...

BACKGROUND: QRS fragmentation (fQRS) is a depolarization disorder that can be detected on routine electrocardiography (ECG). Current evidence suggests that fQRS is a prognosticator of adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to assess the relationship between fQRS and all-cause mortality in critically unwell coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and to investigate the significance of associated abnormalities on echocardiography. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients in a critical care setting was performed...

Catalytic activity is undoubtedly a key focus in enzyme engineering. The complicated reaction conditions hinder some enzymes from industrialization even though they have relatively promising activity. This has occurred to some dehydrogenases. Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) specifically catalyze the conversion between hydroxyl and keto groups, and hold immense potential in the synthesis of steroid medicines. We underscored the importance of 7α-HSDH activity, and analyzed the overall robustness and underlying mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: To investigate associations between variations in the co-expression-based brain insulin receptor polygenic score and cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,573 participants from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. Biologically informed expression-based polygenic risk scores for the insulin receptor gene network were calculated for the hippocampal (hePRS-IR) and the mesocorticolimbic (mePRS-IR) regions...

BACKGROUND: Despite some progress in pneumococcal immunization, the global burden of pneumococcal infection remains high, and pneumococcal disease remains a public health concern. Studies in China and abroad have found that 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) vaccination can effectively prevent invasive pneumococcal disease. This phase Ⅰ clinical study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a PPV23 vaccine candidate. METHODS: All subjects were randomly assigned to receive one dose intramuscular injection of experimental vaccine or control vaccine at a ratio of 1:1...

Thioredoxins (TRXs) are central to redox regulation, modulating enzyme activities to adapt metabolism to environmental changes. Previous research emphasized mitochondrial and microsomal TRX o1 and h2 influence on mitochondrial metabolism, including photorespiration and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Our study aimed to compare TRX-based regulation circuits towards environmental cues mainly affecting photorespiration. Metabolite snapshots, phenotypes and CO2 assimilation were compared among single and multiple TRX mutants in the wild-type and the glycine decarboxylase T-protein knockdown (gldt1) background...

BACKGROUND: For compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) patients, the first decompensation represents a dramatically worsening prognostic event. Based on the first decompensation event (DE), the transition to decompensated advanced chronic liver disease (dACLD) can occur through two modalities referred to as acute decompensation (AD) and non-AD (NAD), respectively. Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension (CSPH) is considered the strongest predictor of decompensation in these patients...

A non-invasive condensation collection-ion chromatography method was established for the determination of organic acids and anions including lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, pyruvic acid, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate in the exhaled breath of humans. The breath exhaled was condensed and collected using a home-made exhaled breath condensation equipment. This equipment included a disposable mouthpiece as a blow-off port, one-way valve and flow meter, cold trap, disposable condensate collection tube placed in the cold trap, and gas outlet...

Targeted delivery of small-molecule drugs via covalent attachments to monoclonal antibodies has proved successful in clinic. For this purpose, full-length antibodies are mainly used as drug-carrying vehicles. Despite their flexible conjugation sites and versatile biological activities, intact immunoglobulins with conjugated drugs, which feature relatively large molecular weights, tend to have restricted tissue distribution and penetration and low fractions of payloads. Linking small-molecule therapeutics to other formats of antibody may lead to conjugates with optimal properties...

INTRODUCTION: Microcephaly, characterized by abnormal head growth, can often serve as an initial indicator of congenital, genetic, or acquired disorders. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing in detecting abnormalities in both prenatal and postnatal cases of microcephaly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CMA Testing: We conducted CMA testing on 87 prenatally-detected microcephaly cases and 742 postnatal cases at a single laboratory...

BACKGROUND: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a relatively common infection in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and is associated with high mortality rates. Optimising early detection is key to reduce the burden of IPA in this population. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the added value of baseline chest CT before start of classical induction chemotherapy. METHODS: Adult patients receiving first-line intensive chemotherapy for AML were included if a baseline chest CT scan was available (±7 days)...

Despite abundant evidence correlating T cell CD38 expression and HIV infection pathogenesis, its role as a CD4 T cell immunometabolic regulator remains unclear. We find that CD38's extracellular glycohydrolase activity restricts metabolic reprogramming after TCR-engaging stimulation in Jurkat T CD4 cells, together with functional responses, while reducing intracellular NAD and NMN concentrations. Selective elimination of CD38's ectoenzyme function licenses them to decrease the OCR/ECAR ratio upon TCR signaling and to increase cycling, proliferation, survival, and CD40L induction...

BACKGROUND: Parental behaviors are key in shaping children's psychological and behavioral development, crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues, reducing psychological trauma in childhood. AIM: To investigate the relationship between parenting behaviors and behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children. METHODS: From October 2017 to May 2018, 7 kindergartens in Ma'anshan City were selected to conduct a parent self-filled questionnaire - Health Development Survey of Preschool Children...

Multistress effects lead to unpredicted consequences in aquatic ecotoxicology and are extremely concerning. The goal of this study was to trace how specific effects of the antibiotic salinomycin (Sal) and microplastics (MP) on the bivalve molluscs are manifested in the combined environmentally relevant exposures. Unio tumidus specimens were treated with Sal (0.6 μg L-1 ), MP (1 mg L-1 , 2 μm size), and both at 18 °C (Mix) and 25 °C (MixT) for 14 days...