"retinopathy of prematurity"

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal vasoproliferative disease that affects premature infants. Despite improvements in neonatal care and management guidelines, ROP remains a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Current screening guidelines are primarily based on two risk factors: birth weight and gestational age; however, many investigators have suggested other risk factors, including maternal factors, prenatal and perinatal factors, demographics, medical interventions, comorbidities of prematurity, nutrition, and genetic factors...

OBJECTIVE: Impact of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) in context of maternal body mass index (BMI) as it relates to neonatal outcomes remains unclear. We sought to evaluate effects of ACS on clinical outcomes of preterm infants based on maternal BMI. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study among neonates 23-33 weeks' GA at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit from 2011 to 2015. Outcomes of neonates exposed to any ACS and pre-pregnancy maternal BMI ≥ 25 (N = 491) were compared with maternal BMI < 25 (N = 484)...

Ocular neovascularization is a comprehensive process involved in retinal vascular development and several blinding diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retinopathy of prematurity, with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regarded as the master regulator. However, the qualified effect of anti-VEGF therapy reveals that the underlying mechanisms are still not clearly identified. To initialize angiogenesis, endothelial cells undergo a phenotype switching to generate highly migratory and invasive cells...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab injection for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Zone II Stage 3+ . METHODS: Data was collected for ROP patients with Zone II Stage 3+ who received intravitreal ranibizumab injections between October 2014 and Janu-ary 2017 at the Department of Ophthalmology in our hospital. No prior laser or other intravitreal treatment was done. Prior to the intervention and at each follow-up visit, fundus examination was performed...

BACKGROUND: To determine the prevalence of congenital CMV infection (cCMV) in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI) and to evaluate epidemiological characteristics of VLBWI with antiviral therapy (AT). METHODS: CMV-specific PCR in umbilical cord tissue was performed (n=3330). Univariate analyses and logistic regression models were used to identify associations with outcome. RESULTS: 22/3330 VLBWI received AT (0.66%). 4 of these (0.12%) were PCR positive, with 2 VLBWI showing pathological screening for hearing loss...

BACKGROUND: For 70 years, there has been a search for the optimal oxygenation of premature infants. In spite of the lack of evidence, guidelines have successively reduced oxygenation targets during these years. OBJECTIVES: (1) To present a summary of previously published meta-analyses of 5 randomized studies (NeOProM) which tested a low (85-89%) versus a high (91-95%) oxygen saturation target the first weeks after birth on outcome of immature newborn infants. (2) To present international recommendations for oxygenation the first weeks after birth...

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a largely avoidable cause of blindness in children worldwide, requiring high-quality neonatal care, early detection and treatment. In middle-income countries throughout Latin America, Eastern Europe and South Asia, there has been a rise in ROP blindness due to a combination of increased survival of preterm infants, resource-scarce medical environments and lack of policies, training and human resources. However, Argentina is an example of country where rates of ROP blindness have declined and ROP programmes have been successfully and effectively embedded within the health and legal system...

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may lead to late-developing complications due to the abnormal vitreoretinal interface. In this case report, three adult patients (ages 39 years, 62 years, and 64 years) with a history of prematurity underwent imaging with ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFFA). The UWFFA demonstrated late peripheral vascular hyperfluorescence in all three patients, perivascular leakage in two of the patients, hyperfluorescent foveal avascular zone in two of the patients, peripheral avascular retina in two of the patients, vasoproliferative tumor in one of the patients, peripheral neovascularization in one of the patients, and vascular anastomosis in one of the patients...

OBJECTIVE:  To study the impact of cumulative exposure to hypoxemia on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants less than 29 weeks' gestation. STUDY DESIGN:  This is a retrospective analysis of the effect of cumulative exposure to hypoxemia during the first 10 weeks of life in preterm infants <29 weeks' gestation. Cumulative time spent at various levels of oxygen saturation was calculated by converting the daily percentage of time to minutes per day...

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a major complication of preterm birth and has been associated with later visual and nonvisual impairments. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate relationships between any stage of ROP, brain volumes, and developmental outcomes. METHODS: This study included 52 very preterm infants (gestational age [mean ± SD]: 26.4 ± 1.9 weeks). Total brain, gray matter, unmyelinated white matter (UWMV), and cerebellar volumes were estimated in 51 out of 52 infants by magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age...

Abnormalities in retinal blood vessels and neuronal function persist in eyes undergoing retinopathy of prematurity. In this study, we examined morphological and functional changes in retinal blood vessels and neurons in mice that had undergone short-term interruption of retinal vascular development through inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. In mice treated with the VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor KRN633 on postnatal day (P) 0 and 1, the vascular density in the retinal surface increased by P12, but development of deep retinal vascular plexus and choroidal vasculature was delayed until P14...

PURPOSE: Although most totally visually blind individuals exhibit nonentrained circadian rhythms due to an inability of light to entrain the circadian pacemaker, a small proportion retain photic circadian entrainment, melatonin suppression, and other nonimage-forming responses to light. It is thought that these responses to light persist because of the survival of melanospin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which project primarily to the circadian pacemaker and are functionally distinct from the rod and cone photoreceptors that mediate vision...

BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe retinopathy of prematurity (sROP), and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) are 3 major morbidities with long-term neurodevelopmental impairments in preterm infants. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the strength of associations and identify key risk factors shared by BPD, sROP, and cPVL for targeted intervention. METHODS: We studied the Taiwanese very-preterm-infant registry data on 3,507 infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units and discharged at postmenstrual age ≥36 weeks between 2008 and 2013...

PURPOSE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may cause visual impairment in infants with very low birth weight. Lack of parent knowledge may contribute to gaps in screening and treatment. We studied parents' knowledge and education of ROP. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: SETTING: Four high-acuity neonatal intensive care units in California (40-84 beds). PARTICIPANTS: 194 English- and Spanish-speaking parents of very low birth weight (<1,500 grams) infants recruited from September 2013 to April 2015...

Importance: Examinations for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are typically performed using binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy. Telemedicine studies have traditionally assessed the accuracy of telemedicine compared with ophthalmoscopy as a criterion standard. However, it is not known whether ophthalmoscopy is truly more accurate than telemedicine. Objective: To directly compare the accuracy and sensitivity of ophthalmoscopy vs telemedicine in diagnosing ROP using a consensus reference standard...

Importance: Macular edema during infancy, a subclinical feature identified in premature infants by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), has been associated with poorer visual acuity and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Features of macular edema on fluorescein angiography (FA) are needed to understand its pathophysiology, but to date have not been reported previously. Objective: To investigate the FA features of macular edema during infancy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: Urinary N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide NTproBNP levels are associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants <30 weeks gestation. The incidence of ROP in more mature infants who meet other ROP screening criteria is very low. We therefore aimed to test whether urinary NTproBNP predicted ROP development in these infants. METHODS: Prospective observational study in 151 UK infants ≥30+0 weeks gestation but also <32 weeks gestation and/or <1501g, to test the hypothesis that urinary NTproBNP levels on day of life (DOL) 14 and 28 were able to predict ROP development...

AIM: Excess angiogenesis or neovascularization plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy and exudative age-related macular degeneration. MicroRNA-181a (miR-181a) was found highly expressed in retina and choroidal tissues. This study intends to investigate the role of miR-181a in the regulation of ocular neovascularization in different pathophysiological conditions. METHOD: We performed the RNA sequence to identify the microRNAs components of anti-angiogenic lymphocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs)...

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are diseases that occur only in preterm infants. The etiology of these disorders is multifactorial; however, it is believed that some of the factors in children presenting with BPD affect both the initiation and severity of ROP. The aim of the study was to evaluate the degree of clinical severity of ROP in infants with BPD compared to those without BPD. Methodology: Infants were divided into two groups: the BPD+ study group and BPD- control group...