ventolin

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Among many sterilization methods, radiosterilization is a preferred method in the pharmaceutical industry because of its advantages. However, the detection of radiosterilization of drugs is a growing concern for many government regulatory agencies around the world because of changes in the drug's structure because of exposure to radiation. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) proved to be a very sensitive technique to discriminate between irradiated and nonirradiated drugs and detect radicals for days even to years...

It has long been accepted that suspension pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) must be shaken if a correct dose is to be delivered, if not, it will usually be higher than the label claim. The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of the device being unshaken, shaken and after a period of delay in pMDI actuation on the Fine Particle Mass (<5 µm), Extra Fine Particle Mass (<2 µm) and MMAD. Solution and suspension commercial pMDIs containing one, two or three components were used in the study...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the suitability of a recently proposed apparatus that uses filters to directly fractionate the in vitro lung dose into regional deposition estimates for use with pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) devices as a less resource intensive alternative to cascade impaction. METHODS: Using three commercially available pMDI devices (Asmanex HFA, Ventolin HFA, QVAR), regional deposition estimates were measured directly using the filter-based apparatus (FBA)...

Budesonide and salbutamol-loaded liposomes were prepared using an innovative one step supercritical CO2 method without any use of organic solvents. Liposomes composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and PEGylated lipid (65/30/5% (m/m)) were produced with a size less than 200 nm, a PdI within the range of 0.3 and 0.35 and encapsulation efficiency for budesonide and salbutamol reaching to 94% and 40% respectively. The physical stability of the formulation was improved by optimizing a dry form by freeze-drying with trehalose in a 20:1 (trehalose:lipid) ratio and an increase in the percentage of PEGylated lipid from 5% to 15%...

Previous numerical studies of pulmonary drug delivery using metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) often neglected the momentum transfer from droplets to fluid. However, Kolmogorov length scales in MDI flows can be comparable to the droplet sizes in the orifice vicinity, and their interactions can modify the spray behaviors. This study aimed to evaluate the two-way coupling effects on spray plume evolutions compared to one-way coupling. The influences from the mass loading, droplet size, and inhaler type were also examined...

INTRODUCTION: More than fifty years after the commercialization of the Ventolin metered-dose inhaler (MDI), its constituent active ingredient, salbutamol sulfate (SS) remains the most prescribed short-acting beta agonist for the first-line treatment of acute asthma attacks and the metered-dose inhaler remains its primary dosage form. The first generation of Ventolin MDI was developed at a time when environmental and regulatory concerns were less stringent than today. The MDI industry is now on the verge of a second major reformulation effort in response to environmental concerns...

AIMS: Pressurised metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) have a much higher carbon footprint than dry powder inhalers (DPIs). We aimed to describe variations of inhaler options in local adult asthma prescribing guidance. METHODS: We reviewed local clinical commissioning group (CCG) adult asthma prescribing guidance for primary care in England in 2019 and recorded DPI and MDI inclusion. The relationship to prescribing data from OpenPrescribing.net was examined. RESULTS: 58 unique guidance documents were analyzed covering 144 out of 191 CCGs in England...

Background: Suboptimal use of pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) remains a major barrier to inhaled therapy success. Verbal inhaler technique training (VT) fails to maintain patients' good pMDI use, thus training tools might help. Trainhaler® (THR device) and Flo-Tone® CR (FTCR device), two novel pMDI technique training tools, were evaluated and compared in terms of relative lung and systemic bioavailability and oropharyngeal deposition of salbutamol inhaled from Ventolin® Evohaler® (GlaxoSmithKline) either alone following THR or connected to FTCR...

The aim of the current study is to observe how different pediatric drugs and tooth brushing affect the color stability of different esthetic restorative materials. Three restorative materials (composite, compomer, and glass ionomer cement (GIC)) were each used to produce 72 specimens (10 mm × 2 mm). The specimens were divided into six groups and immersed in distilled water and five different pediatric drugs (amoxicillin, ibuprofen, ventolin, paracetamol, and multivitamins). Each group was divided into two subgroups (brushed and non-brushed)...

Pneumomediastinum is defined by the presence of air in the mediastinum, which may be either secondary to trauma, pneumothorax or perforation of the airways, or spontaneous. We report the case of a 28-year-old female patient with pneumomediastinum revealing asthma in acute exacerbation. The patient wasn't known to be asthmatic or to have an atopic background, no history of surgery, nor any notion of trauma, or recent iatrogeny. She presented with sudden onset of tachypnea associated with chest tightness and productive cough with greenish sputum...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, many of whom are managed solely with a short-acting β2 -agonist (SABA). In adults, the evidence that budesonide-formoterol as sole reliever therapy markedly reduces the risk of severe exacerbations compared with SABA alone has contributed to the Global Initiative for Asthma recommending against SABA monotherapy in this population. The current lack of evidence in children means it is unknown whether these findings are also relevant to this demographic...

The emergence of specific drug-device combination products in the inhalable pharmaceutical industry demands more sophistication of device functionality in the form of an embedded sensing platform to increase patient safety and extend patent coverage. Controlling the nebuliser function at a miniaturised, integrated electrochemical sensing platform with rapid response time and supporting novel algorithms could deliver such a technology offering. Development of a nanoporous gold (NPG) electrochemical sensor capable of creating a unique fingerprint signal generated by inhalable pharmaceuticals provided the impetus for our study of the electrooxidation of salbutamol, which is the active bronchodilatory ingredient in VentolinTM formulations...

Background: The modular British Columbia Asthma Prediction System (BCAPS) is designed to reduce information burden during wildfire smoke events by automatically gathering, integrating, generating, and visualizing data for public health users. The BCAPS framework comprises five flexible and geographically scalable modules: (1) historic data on fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) concentrations; (2) historic data on relevant health indicator counts; (3) PM2.5 forecasts for the upcoming days; (4) a health forecasting model that uses the relationship between (1) and (2) to predict the impacts of (3); and (5) a reporting mechanism...

BACKGROUND: Several medical procedures involving the respiratory tract are considered 'aerosol generating'. Aerosols from these procedures may be inhaled by bystanders and there are consequent concerns regarding infection transmission, or, specific to nebulised therapy, secondary drug exposure. AIMS: Assess the efficacy of a proprietary HEPA-filtering extractor tent on reducing the aerosol dispersal of nebulised bronchodilator drugs. METHODS: The study was conducted in an unoccupied outpatient room at St...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Background Coronavirus is causing a shortage of critical inhalers needed by patients with Asthma and respiratory illness. Patients with Asthma are at higher risk if they tract the novel Coronavirus. As the coronavirus continues to spread, hospitals are turning to use more salbutamol MDI. Salbutamol MDI has become the line of defence for physicians in the emergency room who are treating patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and have respiratory distress .[Hui et al 2020 ,and Center for Drug Evaluation and Research 2020] During the COVID pandemic, there has been a drastic increase in the use of MDI inhalers; therefore, it led to a decrease in availability and a break in the supply chain...

BACKGROUND: Coordination between actuation of a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) and inhalation is a critical manoeuvre that many patients fail to perform correctly. pMDIs connected to spacers do not require hand-lung coordination. This study evaluated the relative lung and systemic bioavailability and oropharyngeal deposition of salbutamol post-inhalation from Ventolin® Evohaler® (GlaxoSmithKline) either alone following verbal inhaler technique counselling (VC) or connected to a newly improved Able Spacer® (AS)...