Johanna Ebmeyer, Abdulkarim Najjar, Daniela Lange, Mareike Boettcher, Silja Voß, Katrin Brandmair, Jaqueline Meinhardt, Jochen Kuehnl, Nicola J Hewitt, Christopher-Tilman Krueger, Andreas Schepky
We performed an ab initio next-generation risk assessment (NGRA) for a fragrance ingredient, benzyl salicylate (BSal), to demonstrate how cosmetic ingredients can be evaluated for systemic toxicity endpoints based on non-animal approaches. New approach methodologies (NAMs) used to predict the internal exposure included skin absorption assays, hepatocyte metabolism, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, and potential toxicodynamic effects were assessed using pharmacology profiling, ToxProfiler cell stress assay, transcriptomics in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, ReproTracker developmental and reproductive toxicology (DART) assays, and cytotoxicity assays in human kidney cells...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology