keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517108/variation-in-diurnal-cortisol-patterns-among-the-indigenous-shuar-of-amazonian-ecuador
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa A Liebert, Samuel S Urlacher, Felicia C Madimenos, Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Christopher J Harrington, Richard G Bribiescas, Lawrence S Sugiyama, J Josh Snodgrass
OBJECTIVES: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its primary end product, the glucocorticoid cortisol, are major components of the evolved human stress response. However, most studies have examined these systems among populations in high-income settings, which differ from the high pathogen and limited resource contexts in which the HPA axis functioned for most of human evolution. METHODS: We investigated variability in diurnal salivary cortisol patterns among 298 Indigenous Shuar from Amazonian Ecuador (147 males, 151 females; age 2-86 years), focusing on the effects of age, biological sex, and body mass index (BMI) in shaping differences in diurnal cortisol production...
March 22, 2024: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488301/hyperandrogenism-associated-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-may-have-a-protective-effect-against-fracture-risk-in-female-athletes-a-pilot-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Courtney Manthey, Tara Cepon-Robins, Anna Warrener
OBJECTIVES: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by polycystic ovaries, anovulation, and hyperandrogenism, is believed to be an evolutionary mismatch disease. Past research has examined PCOS as a uniform disease, despite variation in phenotypes across diagnostic categories, but establishing an evolutionary mismatch requires a focus on individual traits. We suggest PCOS hyperandrogenism may have been beneficial in ancestral environments because it reduced fracture risk and associated morbidity and mortality due to increased bone mineral density (BMD)...
March 15, 2024: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38169123/proceedings-of-the-human-biology-association-48th-annual-meeting-peppermill-resort-hotel-reno-nevada-april-18-23-2023
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara J Cepon-Robins
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 2, 2024: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36861998/evidence-and-potential-drivers-of-neglected-parasitic-helminth-and-protist-infections-among-a-small-preliminary-sample-of-children-from-rural-mississippi
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara J Cepon-Robins, Elizabeth K Mallott, Isabella C Recca, Theresa E Gildner
INTRODUCTION: Intestinal infections with helminths (parasitic worms) and protists (single-celled eukaryotes) may be neglected health issues in low-resource communities across the United States. Because they predominantly infect school-aged children and can lead to nutritional deficiencies and developmental delays, these infections can affect lifelong health. More research is needed to understand the prevalence and risk factors of these parasitic infections in the United States. METHODS: A total of 24 children (ages 0...
March 2, 2023: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36714157/rural-embodiment-and-community-health-an-anthropological-case-study-on-biocultural-determinants-of-tropical-disease-infection-and-immune-system-development-in-the-usa
#5
REVIEW
Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Biocultural methods are critically important for identifying environmental and socioeconomic factors linked with tropical disease risk and outcomes. For example, embodiment theory refers to the process by which lived experiences impact individual biology. Increased exposure to pathogens, chronic psychosocial stress, and unequal resource access are all outcomes linked with discrimination and poverty. Through lived experiences, race and socioeconomic inequality can literally become embodied-get under the skin and affect physiology-impacting immune responses and contributing to lifelong health disparities...
2023: Current Tropical Medicine Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36315198/how-can-we-advance-integrative-biology-research-in-animal-science-in-21st-century-experience-at-university-of-ljubljana-from-2002-to-2022
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tanja Kunej, Simon Horvat, Janez Salobir, Blaž Stres, Špela Mikec, Tomaž Accetto, Gorazd Avguštin, Bojana Bogovič Matijašić, Angela Cividini, Andreja Čanžek Majhenič, Marko Čepon, Leon Deutsch, Ida Djurdjevič, Emil Erjavec, Gregor Gorjanc, Antonija Holcman, Dušanka Jordan, Luka Juvančič, Stane Kavčič, Ajda Kermauner, Marija Klopčič, Tina Kocjančič, Milena Kovač, Aleš Kuhar, Andrej Lavrenčič, Jakob Leskovec, Alenka Levart, Špela Malovrh, Romana Marinšek-Logar, Petra Mohar Lorbeg, Mojca Narat, Tanja Obermajer, Diana Paveljšek, Tatjana Pirman, Klemen Potočnik, Ilona Rac, Vida Rezar, Irena Rogelj, Mojca Simčič, Aleš Snoj, Simona Sušnik Bajec, Tanja Šumrada, Dušan Terčič, Primož Treven, Maša Vodovnik, Manja Zupan Šemrov, Jaka Žgajnar, Silvester Žgur, Peter Dovč
In this perspective analysis, we strive to answer the following question: how can we advance integrative biology research in the 21st century with lessons from animal science? At the University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, we share here our three lessons learned in the two decades from 2002 to 2022 that we believe could inform integrative biology, systems science, and animal science scholarship in other countries and geographies. Cultivating multiomics knowledge through a conceptual lens of integrative biology is crucial for life sciences research that can stand the test of diverse biological, clinical, and ecological contexts...
October 28, 2022: Omics: a Journal of Integrative Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35599133/cumulative-host-energetic-costs-of-soil-transmitted-helminth-infection
#7
REVIEW
Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Samuel S Urlacher
The health consequences of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are often attributed to parasite-caused tissue damage and nutrient loss, combined with immune energy costs. However, this view overlooks additional pathways by which infection can alter host energetics. Here, we take a first step toward defining this suite of energetic pathways and clarifying their cumulative impact on health. We consider how STH characteristics and human variation influence host-parasite interactions, as well as the initial and downstream energetic costs of infection...
May 19, 2022: Trends in Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33749068/low-prevalence-of-anemia-among-shuar-communities-of-amazonian-ecuador
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicia M DeLouize, Melissa A Liebert, Felicia C Madimenos, Samuel S Urlacher, Joshua M Schrock, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Theresa E Gildner, Aaron D Blackwell, Christopher J Harrington, Dorsa Amir, Richard G Bribiescas, James Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama
OBJECTIVE: Anemia is an important global health challenge. We investigate anemia prevalence among Indigenous Shuar of Ecuador to expand our understanding of population-level variation, and to test hypotheses about how anemia variation is related to age, sex, and market integration. METHODS: Hemoglobin levels were measured in a total sample of 1650 Shuar participants (ages 6 months to 86 years) from 46 communities between 2008 and 2017 to compare anemia prevalence across regions characterized by different levels of market integration...
March 21, 2021: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33597300/pathogen-disgust-sensitivity-protects-against-infection-in-a-high-pathogen-environment
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara J Cepon-Robins, Aaron D Blackwell, Theresa E Gildner, Melissa A Liebert, Samuel S Urlacher, Felicia C Madimenos, Geeta N Eick, J Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama
Disgust is hypothesized to be an evolved emotion that functions to regulate the avoidance of pathogen-related stimuli and behaviors. Individuals with higher pathogen disgust sensitivity (PDS) are predicted to be exposed to and thus infected by fewer pathogens, though no studies have tested this directly. Furthermore, PDS is hypothesized to be locally calibrated to the types of pathogens normally encountered and the fitness-related costs and benefits of infection and avoidance. Market integration (the degree of production for and consumption from market-based economies) influences the relative costs/benefits of pathogen exposure and avoidance through sanitation, hygiene, and lifestyle changes, and is thus predicted to affect PDS...
February 23, 2021: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33289250/measuring-attack-on-self-the-need-for-field-friendly-methods-development-and-research-on-autoimmunity-in-human-biology
#10
REVIEW
Tara J Cepon-Robins
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune and inflammatory disorder (AIID) prevalence appears to be increasing in all but the world's poorest regions and countries. Autoimmune diseases occur when there is a breakdown in processes that regulate inflammation and self-recognition by immune cells. Very few field-based studies have been conducted among Indigenous populations and underserved communities with limited access to medical care. This is due, in part, to the fact that autoimmune diseases are difficult to diagnose, even in clinical settings...
December 1, 2020: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33235797/old-friends-meet-a-new-foe-a-potential-role-for-immune-priming-parasites-in-mitigating-covid-19-morbidity-and-mortality
#11
REVIEW
Tara J Cepon-Robins, Theresa E Gildner
The novel virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent a pathogen to which human beings have limited to no evolved immune response. The most severe symptoms are associated with overactive inflammatory immune responses, leading to a cytokine storm, tissue damage, and death, if not balanced and controlled. Hypotheses within Evolutionary Medicine, including the Hygiene/Old Friends Hypothesis, provide an important lens through which to understand and possibly control this overactive immune response...
2020: Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32735608/market-integration-and-soil-transmitted-helminth-infection-among-the-shuar-of-amazonian-ecuador
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Melissa A Liebert, Samuel S Urlacher, Joshua M Schrock, Christopher J Harrington, Felicia C Madimenos, J Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama
BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have many negative health outcomes (e.g., diarrhea, nutritional deficiencies) that can also exacerbate poverty. These infections are generally highest among low-income populations, many of which are also undergoing market integration (MI; increased participation in a market-based economy). Yet the direct impact of MI-related social and environmental changes on STH infection patterns is poorly understood, making it unclear which lifestyle factors should be targeted to better control disease spread...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32678000/development-and-validation-of-an-elisa-for-a-biomarker-of-thyroid-dysfunction-thyroid-peroxidase-autoantibodies-tpo-ab-in-dried-blood-spots
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geeta N Eick, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Maureen J Devlin, Paul Kowal, Larry S Sugiyama, J Josh Snodgrass
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of allergic and autoimmune conditions has been steadily increasing in wealthy nations over the past century. One hypothesis put forward to explain this is the Old Friends Hypothesis, which posits that increased hygiene, urbanization, and lifestyle changes have reduced our exposure to parasites and microbes that we co-evolved with, resulting in immune dysregulation. However, research in traditionally living populations, who are exposed to greater parasite and pathogen loads such as those encountered during our evolution, is limited, in part due to a lack of minimally invasive, field-friendly biomarkers of autoimmune disorders...
July 16, 2020: Journal of Physiological Anthropology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32017301/validation-of-an-enzyme-linked-immunoassay-assay-for-osteocalcin-a-marker-of-bone-formation-in-dried-blood-spots
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geeta N Eick, Felicia C Madimenos, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Maureen J Devlin, Paul Kowal, Lawrence S Sugiyama, J Josh Snodgrass
OBJECTIVES: Investigating factors that contribute to bone loss and accretion across populations in remote settings is challenging, particularly where diagnostic tools are scarce. To mitigate this challenge, we describe validation of a commercial ELISA assay to measure osteocalcin, a biomarker of bone formation, from dried blood spots (DBS). METHODS: We validated the Osteocalcin Human SimpleStep ELISA kit from Abcam (ab1951214) using 158 matched plasma and DBS samples...
February 4, 2020: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31663132/disparities-in-bone-density-across-contemporary-amazonian-forager-horticulturalists-cross-population-comparison-of-the-tsimane-and-shuar
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felicia C Madimenos, Melissa A Liebert, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Samuel S Urlacher, J Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama, Jonathan Stieglitz
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates bone density across the life course among Bolivian Tsimane and Ecuadorian Shuar of Amazonia. Both groups are rural, high-fertility forager-horticulturalists, with high lifetime physical activity levels. We test whether Tsimane and Shuar bone density patterns are different from each other, and if both groups are characterized by lower osteoporosis risk compared to U.S. references. METHODS: Anthropometric and calcaneal bone density data, obtained via quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS), were collected from 678 Tsimane and 235 Shuar (13-92 years old)...
October 29, 2019: American Journal of Physical Anthropology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31260090/soil-transmitted-helminth-infection-and-intestinal-inflammation-among-the-shuar-of-amazonian-ecuador
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara J Cepon-Robins, Theresa E Gildner, Joshua Schrock, Geeta Eick, Ali Bedbury, Melissa A Liebert, Samuel S Urlacher, Felicia C Madimenos, Christopher J Harrington, Dorsa Amir, Richard G Bribiescas, Lawrence S Sugiyama, James J Snodgrass
OBJECTIVES: Little research exists documenting levels of intestinal inflammation among indigenous populations where exposure to macroparasites, like soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), is common. Reduced STH exposure is hypothesized to contribute to increased prevalence of elevated intestinal inflammation in wealthy nations, likely due to coevolutionary histories between STHs and human immune systems that favored anti-inflammatory pathways. Here, we document levels of intestinal inflammation and test associations with STH infection among the Shuar of Ecuador, an indigenous population undergoing socioeconomic/lifestyle changes that influence their hygienic environment...
July 1, 2019: American Journal of Physical Anthropology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30897260/a-dried-blood-spot-based-method-to-measure-levels-of-tartrate-resistant-acid-phosphatase-5b-tracp-5b-a-marker-of-bone-resorption
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geeta N Eick, Maureen J Devlin, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Paul Kowal, Lawrence S Sugiyama, J Josh Snodgrass
OBJECTIVES: A number of basic questions about bone biology have not been answered, including population differences in bone turnover. In part, this stems from the lack of validated minimally invasive biomarker techniques to measure bone formation and resorption in field-based population-level research. The present study addresses this gap by validating a fingerprick dried blood spot (fDBS) assay for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), a well-defined biomarker of bone resorption and osteoclast number...
March 21, 2019: American Journal of Human Biology: the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29507896/market-integration-predicts-human-gut-microbiome-attributes-across-a-gradient-of-economic-development
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keaton Stagaman, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Melissa A Liebert, Theresa E Gildner, Samuel S Urlacher, Felicia C Madimenos, Karen Guillemin, J Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama, Brendan J M Bohannan
Economic development is marked by dramatic increases in the incidence of microbiome-associated diseases, such as autoimmune diseases and metabolic syndromes, but the lifestyle changes that drive alterations in the human microbiome are not known. We measured market integration as a proxy for economically related lifestyle attributes, such as ownership of specific market goods that index degree of market integration and components of traditional and nontraditional (more modern) house structure and infrastructure, and profiled the fecal microbiomes of 213 participants from a contiguous, indigenous Ecuadorian population...
January 2018: MSystems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27884213/regional-variation-in-ascaris-lumbricoides-and-trichuris-trichiura-infections-by-age-cohort-and-sex-effects-of-market-integration-among-the-indigenous-shuar-of-amazonian-ecuador
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins, Melissa A Liebert, Samuel S Urlacher, Felicia C Madimenos, J Josh Snodgrass, Lawrence S Sugiyama
BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection peaks during childhood and varies by sex. The impact of market integration (MI) (increasing production for and consumption from a market-based economy) on these infection patterns, however, is unclear. In this study, STH infection is examined by sex and age among indigenous Shuar inhabiting two regions of Amazonian Ecuador: (1) the modestly market-integrated Upano Valley (UV) and (2) the more traditional Cross-Cutucú (CC) region. METHODS: Kato-Katz fecal smears were examined for parasite presence and infection intensity...
November 24, 2016: Journal of Physiological Anthropology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27362406/novel-characterisation-of-mast-cell-phenotypes-from-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-in-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-myalgic-encephalomyelitis-patients
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thao Nguyen, Samantha Johnston, Anu Chacko, Damien Gibson, Julia Cepon, Peter Smith, Donald Staines, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
BACKGROUND: Mast cells (MCs) mediate inflammation through neuropeptides and cytokines, along with histamine and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is an illness characterized by an unexplained disabling fatigue with multiple physiological impairments as well as dysregulated cytokine profiles. OBJECTIVE: To determine mast cell phenotypes in isolated human PBMCs, in healthy controls and in CFS/ME patients. Second, determine receptor expression of RAGE and its ligand high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)...
June 2017: Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology
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