keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37832758/allopurinol-prevents-cirrhosis-related-complications-a-quadruple-blind-placebo-controlled-trial
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khadija A M Glal, Sahar M El-Haggar, Sherief M Abd-Elsalam, Tarek M Mostafa
BACKGROUND: Complications associated with liver cirrhosis are various and potentially fatal. The treatment options to counteract hepatic decompensation are limited. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the use of allopurinol in preventing the recurrence of liver cirrhosis-related complications. METHODS: 100 patients with hepatic decompensation were randomized into 1:1 ratio to receive either allopurinol 300 mg or placebo tablets once daily for 6 months. The primary endpoint was the incidence of cirrhosis-related complications (overt ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, variceal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy)...
October 11, 2023: American Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37796044/lifetime-risk-of-liver-related-outcomes-and-determinants-in-male-inactive-carriers-of-chronic-hepatitis-b
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wan-Jung Wu, Chih-Lin Lin, Chun-Jen Liu, Yi-Wen Huang, Jui-Ting Hu, Ming-Whei Yu
The full spectrum of risks for the life course of inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers remains unclear. In this study, 995 untreated HBV carriers (median age: 42.8 years; median follow-up: 30.2 years) were included. Their data were sourced from a population-based cohort study of male civil servants recruited in 1989-1992. Outcomes were identified by active follow-up examinations and linkage with national health insurance research database. At baseline, 483 subjects were inactive carriers, 385 with indeterminate phase, and 127 with other phases...
October 2023: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37782293/the-association-between-homelessness-and-key-liver-related-outcomes-in-veterans-with-cirrhosis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marya Pulaski, Therese Bittermann, Tamar H Taddei, David E Kaplan, Nadim Mahmud
OBJECTIVES: Homelessness adversely impacts patient outcomes in broad cohort studies, however its impact on key liver-related outcomes in patients with cirrhosis is understudied. We aimed to address this knowledge gap using data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), a cohort disproportionately impacted by homelessness. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of VHA patients with incident cirrhosis diagnosis between January 2008 and February 2022. Homeless status was classified at baseline and as time-updating variable during follow-up...
October 2, 2023: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37768482/real-world-epidemiology-treatment-patterns-and-disease-burden-of-chronic-hepatitis-b-and-hdv-co-infection-in-south-korea
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuri Cho, SeongBeom Park, SeonYoung Park, WonJung Choi, Book Kim, Helin Han
INTRODUCTION: Long-term complications of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) viral infection, such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver failure, cause a large disease burden. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and treatment patterns of CHB infection and co-infection with hepatitis D virus (HDV) in South Korea. METHODS: The retrospective, observational study used existing data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database...
September 28, 2023: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37749902/diabetes-mellitus-and-the-progression-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-to-decompensated-cirrhosis-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James O'Beirne, Richard Skoien, Barbara A Leggett, Gunter F Hartel, Louisa G Gordon, Elizabeth E Powell, Patricia C Valery
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of decompensated cirrhosis and associated risk factors in people hospitalised with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without cirrhosis. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study; analysis of linked Queensland Hospital Admitted Patient Data Collection, Queensland Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, and Queensland Cancer Register data. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: Queensland residents aged 20 years or older admitted to Queensland hospitals with NAFLD/NASH during 1 July 2009 - 31 December 2018...
September 25, 2023: Medical Journal of Australia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37741678/hepatitis-c
#26
REVIEW
Marianne Martinello, Sunil S Solomon, Norah A Terrault, Gregory J Dore
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic RNA virus that can cause acute and chronic hepatitis, with progressive liver damage resulting in cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2016, WHO called for the elimination of HCV infection as a public health threat by 2030. Despite some progress, an estimated 57 million people were living with HCV infection in 2020, and 300 000 HCV-related deaths occur per year. The development of direct-acting antiviral therapy has revolutionised clinical care and generated impetus for elimination, but simplified and broadened HCV screening, enhanced linkage to care, and higher coverage of treatment and primary prevention strategies are urgently required...
September 23, 2023: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37732697/the-interplay-between-chronic-hepatitis-b-and-diabetes-mellitus-a-narrative-and-concise-review
#27
REVIEW
Shang-Chin Huang, Jia-Horng Kao
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder among individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), contributing to additional adverse impacts on both hepatic and extrahepatic systems. Existing evidence suggests a potential positive association between CHB and the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. The presence of T2DM in CHB patients is associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence. Moreover, it elevates the risk of non-liver cancers and all-cause mortality in this population...
September 21, 2023: Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37647992/familial-coaggregation-of-masld-with-hepatocellular-carcinoma-and-adverse-liver-outcomes-nationwide-multigeneration-cohort-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fahim Ebrahimi, Hannes Hagström, Jiangwei Sun, David Bergman, Ying Shang, Wen Yang, Bjorn Roelstraete, Jonas F Ludvigsson
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD; formerly NAFLD) is the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. However, whether family members of individuals with MASLD also share an increased risk of developing HCC is unknown. METHODS: This nationwide multigeneration cohort-study involved family members of all Swedish adults diagnosed with biopsy-proven MASLD (1969-2017), and matched general population comparators...
August 28, 2023: Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37627890/nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-related-hepatocellular-carcinoma-the-next-threat-after-viral-hepatitis
#29
REVIEW
Mohamed Salaheldin, Heba Aly, Louis Lau, Shimaa Afify, Mohamed El-Kassas
For many years, we have faced the complications of viral hepatitis and alcohol-related liver diseases such as cirrhosis, decompensation, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, we have seen a dynamic change in the field of hepatology. With the significant achievements in eradicating the hepatitis C virus by direct-acting antiviral agents and the rising epidemic of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, there is a paradigm shift in the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)...
August 9, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37615056/real-world-epidemiology-treatment-patterns-and-disease-burden-of-patients-diagnosed-with-chronic-hepatitis-b-in-taiwan
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsiu-Ting Chien, Tung-Hung Su, Hazel Huang, Chih-Lin Chiang, Fang-Ju Lin
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aimed to update the epidemiology, clinical, and economic outcomes of patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in Taiwan. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study using claims data from the National Health Insurance Research Database. Cases were identified between 2010 and 2019 using CHB diagnosis codes and claims for alanine aminotransferase laboratory tests or CHB treatment within one year of the first CHB diagnosis...
August 24, 2023: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37600988/how-to-deliver-palliative-care-for-patients-with-management-in-decompensated-cirrhosis
#31
EDITORIAL
Beom Kyung Kim
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 1, 2023: Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37577216/histopathological-features-predicting-long-term-clinical-outcomes-in-patients-with-vanishing-bile-duct-syndrome
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingting Lv, Haitian Yu, Xiao Han, Aileen Wee, Jimin Liu, Min Li, Jinghang Xu, Xiaoli Hu, Jia Li, Weijia Duan, Tailing Wang, Jidong Jia, Xinyan Zhao
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The clinicopathological features and long-term outcomes of patients with vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) have yet to be elucidated. The study aims to investigate these features and identify factors associated with poor prognosis. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study recruited patients with liver biopsy-proven VBDS who were followed up at five hospitals in northern China from January 2003 to April 2022. Clinical and pathological data at time of biopsy were reviewed...
October 28, 2023: Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37554499/insulin-like-growth-factor-1-predicts-decompensation-and-long-term-prognosis-in-patients-with-compensated-cirrhosis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chisato Saeki, Tomoya Kanai, Kaoru Ueda, Masanori Nakano, Tsunekazu Oikawa, Yuichi Torisu, Masayuki Saruta, Akihito Tsubota
AIM: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is primarily produced in hepatocytes and is associated with liver functional reserve, plays a crucial role in the pathological condition of cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of serum IGF-1 levels for predicting the long-term prognosis and decompensation development in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 148 patients with cirrhosis and divided them into three groups according to baseline IGF-1 levels: low (L)-, intermediate (I)-, and high (H)-IGF-1 groups...
2023: Frontiers in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37510129/hepatic-venous-pressure-gradient-predicts-further-decompensation-in-cirrhosis-patients-with-acute-esophageal-variceal-bleeding
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manas Vaishnav, Sagnik Biswas, Abhinav Anand, Piyush Pathak, Shekhar Swaroop, Arnav Aggarwal, Umang Arora, Anshuman Elhence, Shivanand Gamanagatti, Amit Goel, Ramesh Kumar, Shalimar
BACKGROUND: The role of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in predicting further decompensation in cirrhosis patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB) is not known. We aimed to evaluate the role of HVPG in predicting further decompensation in cirrhosis patients with AVB Methods: In this prospective study, 145 patients with cirrhosis with esophageal or gastric AVB were included. HVPG was measured on the day of the AVB. Decompensating events occurring after 42-days of AVB were considered further decompensation...
July 16, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37509432/gut-microbiota-and-liver-transplantation-immune-mechanisms-behind-the-rejection
#35
REVIEW
Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Luigi Boccuto, Francesco Luzza, Emidio Scarpellini
Liver transplantation (LT) is the treatment of choice for patients with cirrhosis, decompensated disease, acute liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In 3-25% of cases, an alarming problem is acute and chronic cellular rejection after LT, and this event can lead to the need for new transplantation or the death of the patient. On the other hand, gut microbiota is involved in several mechanisms sustaining the model of the "gut-liver axis". These include modulation of the immune response, which is altered in case of gut dysbiosis, possibly resulting in acute graft rejection...
June 23, 2023: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37484212/identification-and-characterisation-of-a-rare-mttp-variant-underlying-hereditary-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jane I Grove, Peggy C K Lo, Nick Shrine, Julian Barwell, Louise V Wain, Martin D Tobin, Andrew M Salter, Aditi N Borkar, Sara Cuevas-Ocaña, Neil Bennett, Catherine John, Ioanna Ntalla, Gabriela E Jones, Christopher P Neal, Mervyn G Thomas, Helen Kuht, Pankaj Gupta, Vishwaraj M Vemala, Allister Grant, Adeolu B Adewoye, Kotacherry T Shenoy, Leena K Balakumaran, Edward J Hollox, Nicholas R F Hannan, Guruprasad P Aithal
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex trait with an estimated prevalence of 25% globally. We aimed to identify the genetic variant underlying a four-generation family with progressive NAFLD leading to cirrhosis, decompensation, and development of hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of common risk factors such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Exome sequencing and genome comparisons were used to identify the likely causal variant...
August 2023: JHEP reports: innovation in hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37397643/hepatitis-c-cirrhosis-hepatitis-b-superimposed-infection-and-the-emergence-of-an-acute-portal-vein-thrombosis-a-case-report
#37
Lauren Kasmikha, Naoshin Khan, Mohamed Ramzi Almajed, Abigail Entz, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a complication of liver cirrhosis. The presence of viral infections such as hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) can further increase cirrhotic patients' risk of developing PVT, especially in the rare case when there is superinfection with both HBV and HCV. We present a patient with HCV cirrhosis whose clinical condition was decompensated secondary to the development of superimposed HBV infection, who developed acute PVT during hospitalization. This case offers a unique presentation of acute PVT that developed within several days of hospitalization for decompensated liver disease, as proven by the interval absence of portal venous flow on repeat imaging...
June 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37342753/model-for-end-stage-liver-disease-meld-score-a-tool-for-prognosis-and-prediction-of-mortality-in-patients-with-decompensated-liver-cirrhosis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isioma Emenena, Bright Emenena, Anthony G Kweki, Henry O Aiwuyo, John O Osarenkhoe, Ugoeze N Iloeje, Nosakhare Ilerhunmwuwa, Beatrice E Torere, Oluwasegun Akinti, Adegboyega Akere, Omuemu E Casimir
BACKGROUND: Decompensated liver disease has become a common occurrence in medical wards. It has become the third most common cause of death in medical wards. This high mortality rate has become a matter of concern. It is important that a reliable scoring system helps to stratify patients with liver cirrhosis who will require liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score in assessing the mortality of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis over one month period (30 days)...
May 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37296898/inverse-propensity-score-weighted-analysis-of-entecavir-and-tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate-in-patients-with-chronic-hepatitis-b-a-large-scale-multicenter-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jihye Kim, Moon Haeng Hur, Seung Up Kim, Jin-Wook Kim, Dong Hyun Sinn, Hyun Woong Lee, Moon Young Kim, Jae Youn Cheong, Yong Jin Jung, Han Ah Lee, Young-Joo Jin, Jun Sik Yoon, Sung-Jae Park, Chang Hun Lee, In Hee Kim, June Sung Lee, Young Youn Cho, Hyung Joon Kim, Soo Young Park, Yeon Seok Seo, Hyunwoo Oh, Dae Won Jun, Mi Na Kim, Young Chang, Jae Young Jang, Sang Youn Hwang, Yoon Jun Kim
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is reportedly superior or at least comparable to entecavir (ETV) in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients; however, it remains controversial. This study aimed to conduct comprehensive comparisons between the two antivirals. CHB patients initially treated with ETV or TDF between 2012 and 2015 at 20 referral centers in Korea were included. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of HCC. The secondary outcomes included death or liver transplantation, liver-related outcome, extrahepatic malignancy, development of cirrhosis, decompensation events, complete virologic response (CVR), seroconversion rate, and safety...
May 26, 2023: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37255388/associations-of-race-and-ethnicity-with-hepatocellular-carcinoma-decompensation-and-mortality-in-us-veterans-with-cirrhosis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trang VoPham, Anne Cravero, Lauren D Feld, Pamela Green, Ziding Feng, Kristin Berry, Nicole J Kim, Philip Vutien, Jason A Mendoza, George N Ioannou
BACKGROUND: Among patients with cirrhosis, it remains unclear whether there are racial/ethnic differences in cirrhosis complications and mortality. We examined the associations between race/ethnicity and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhosis decompensation, and all-cause mortality overall and by cirrhosis etiology. METHODS: US Veterans diagnosed with cirrhosis from 2001 to 2014 (n = 120,992), due to hepatitis C virus (HCV; n = 55,814), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD; n = 36,323), hepatitis B virus (HBV; n = 1,972), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 17,789), or other (n = 9,094), were followed through 2020 for incident HCC (n = 10,242), cirrhosis decompensation (n = 27,887), and mortality (n = 81,441)...
August 1, 2023: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
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