Small bowl obstruction

OBJECTIVES: To identify imaging, clinical, and laboratory variables potentially prognostic for surgical management of small bowel obstruction. METHODS: Two researchers systematically reviewed indexed literature 2001-2021 inclusive for imaging, clinical, and laboratory variables potentially predictive of surgical management of small bowl obstruction and/or ischaemia at surgery, where performed. Risk of bias was assessed. Contingency tables for variables reported in at least 5 studies were extracted and meta-analysed to identify strong evidence of association with clinical outcomes, across studies...

Clostridium sordellii is a highly virulent microorganism that causes serious infections, most commonly of the uterus and perineum. It has a high associated mortality rate due to the various toxins that it produces. A review of the literature suggests that knowledge surrounding its proper management is limited. This report describes a case of Clostridium sordellii causing toxic shock syndrome posttranslocation through the GI tract. A 69-year-old man with a past medical history of renal cell carcinoma and small bowl obstruction complicating transverse colostomy presented to the emergency room with back pain and rigors...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: A common mesentery is defined by the persistence of an embryonic anatomical arrangement secondary to an anomaly of rotation of the primary umbilical loop. Caecal volvulus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, which account for 1 to 1.5 % of all intestinal obstructions. A combination of both, intestinal mal rotation and caecal volvulus is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report this rare entity in a 50 year old male with no history of abdominal surgery who was admitted for an acute intestinal obstruction...

Adult patients comprise 5% of all intussusceptions with 2 to 3 cases per million per year. Of those, only 10% of adult intussusceptions involve the stomach. Gastrogastric intussusceptions are most often associated with lead points caused by gastric neoplasms, with a few caused by hiatal hernias or ascites. Unlike children, adult intussusceptions are rarely idiopathic. Herein, a case is presented of a 65-year-old male who was found to have a gastrogastric intussusception in the setting of a small bowel obstruction with no evidence of neoplasm confirmed by biopsy...

Our case describes an 83-year-old female who presented with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and bilious emesis of one day's duration. She had an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with sphincterotomy and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) one year prior for choledocholithiasis with acute cholangitis in her home country, Scotland. Unfortunately, while visiting family in the United States, her PTCD became dislodged, and she developed progressive worsening abdominal pain. Computerized tomography of her abdomen showed pneumobilia, perigastric inflammation, a contracted gallbladder, small bowl inflammation with a likely transition point at the mid-jejunum, and a probable duodenal mass...

Background: Small bowel obstruction is a common and dangerous surgical emergency which is associated with high morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately and timely. Objective: To determine the causes and management outcome of small bowel obstruction in Nekemte Referral Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Method: Institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was used. Three-year data (from January 1, 2014, to December 30, 2016) were collected from July 1 to August 30, 2017...

Carcinoid tumors are one of the most common types of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs). However, SI-NETs that manifest as subacute intestinal obstruction are extremely rare. The annual occurrence rate of jejuno-ileal NETs is 0.28-0.8 per 100,000 people. In this report, we describe a case of subacute intestinal obstruction due to a mid-ileal stricture. The patient underwent laparotomy after evaluation and investigation. Mid-ileal growth was noted, and small bowel resection was performed with primary end-to-end anastomosis...

Aim: To compare clinical outcomes in infants and children with intestinal malrotation who were treated by laparoscopic or open Ladd's. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were searched for studies comparing laparoscopy with open Ladd's for intestinal volvulus through January 5, 2021. Search terms were confined to Title/Abstract: "Intestinal Volvulus" OR "Intestinal malrotation" AND "Laparoscopy" AND "Laparotomy." Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies comparing laparoscopy with open Ladd's in neonates, infants, or children were included...

BACKGROUND: Intestinal obstruction is defined as a blockage or partial blockage of the passage of the intestinal contents. It is a potentially risky surgical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Its pattern differs from country to country and even from place to place within a country. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the magnitude, pattern and management outcome of intestinal obstruction in Arba Minch General Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba Minch General hospital from January 09, 2015, to November 09, 2018...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~85% of lung cancers. Our understanding of driver mutations and genotype directed therapy has revolutionized the management of advanced NSCLC. Commonly described mutations include mutations in epidermal growth factor ( EGFR ) & BRAF and translocations in anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) & rat osteosarcoma ( ROS1 ). Drugs directed against these translocations have significantly improved progression free survival individually and have shown a survival benefit when studied in the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (median survival 3...

RATIONALE: Gastrointestinal multiple metastases of lung cancer are extremely rare. The majority of gastrointestinal metastasis cases are diagnosed at a late stage and the prognosis is extremely poor. This report describes the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a patient with gastrointestinal multiple metastases from squamous-cell lung cancer, with special emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic lung cancer. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 61-year-old man who presented with progressive abdominal distention was admitted to our hospital...

BACKGROUND: Patients' selection for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) depends on diagnostic modalities; however, there are still some limitations in the preoperative diagnosis of rectal lesions, and in some reports, up to third of the adenomas resected by TEM were found to be adenocarcinoma; therefore, salvage radical resection (RR) remains necessary for achieving oncological resection. Salvage RR may encounter some technical problems as the violation of the mesorectum and the scar formation...

The diagnosis ileus is one of the most common indications for an emergency laparotomy. In 70% of the cases, the small intestine is affected, and in 30% it is the colorectum. While stuck hernias are a major cause in developing countries, the most common causes in western countries are postoperative adhesions that lead to an acute bowl obstruction. The timeframe for treatment of a complete mechanical obstruction is short as acute ischemia can lead to necrosis with bowl perforation within 6 h...

BACKGROUND: To investigate the diagnostic and treatment methods for Chinese patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2004 to June 2014, patients diagnosed with primary GIST and treated by a single medical team in the Department of Digestive Disease of XuYi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were retrospectively recruited. Re-examination and follow-up was conducted regularly and abdominal enhanced CT, blood biochemistry and responses to surgery or imatinib were recorded...

PURPOSE: Intraabdominal adhesions represent a major cause of postoperative morbidity potentially causing pain, small bowl obstruction and infertility. The process of adhesion formation might be regarded as an ischemic disease. Under hypoxic conditions, metabolic enzymes are regulated via hypoxic responsive elements by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). We therefore investigated the gene expression of HIF-1 and two pivotal metabolic genes, pyruvate-dehydrogenaseβ (PDHb) and succinate-dehydrogenase-complex-subunit-A (SDHa) in a validated ischemia model of adhesion formation...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical experience and to evaluate the safety and technical characters of laparoscopy-assisted total/subtotal colectomy(LAC). METHODS: From June 2005 to May 2008, a total of 150 cases underwent LAC in Jinling Hospital. There were 126 cases of severe functional constipation (SFC) treated by LAC combined with modified Duhamel procedure. There were 11 cases of familial adenomatous polyposis, 8 cases of ulcer colitis and 5 cases of multiple colorectal tumors treated with LAC combined with ileum-rectum anastomosis...

PURPOSE: Colonic atresia and stenosis are rare causes of intestinal obstruction in the infant. Only 1.8%-15% of intestinal atresias occur in the colon. Congenital colonic stenosis is even less common than colonic atresia. Only 10 cases have been reported in Literature since 1966 and only one late-onset case has been reported in Literature until now. We describe the case of a 4-month-old baby coming to our attention because of an intestinal subocclusion due to a congenital colonic stenosis of the ascending colon...

Diagnosis of and therapy for small bowl disease is a new challenge for modern endoscopy. Following the development of capsule endoscopy it is possible to inspect the whole small intestine. Therefore one needs adequate endoscopes in order to take tissue samples and perform the corresponding therapeutic measures. Today, the technical procedure of double-ballon enteroscopy is established and is available for routine clinical use. Double-ballon enteroscopy is usable both perorally and peranally, and can be used to inspect the entire small intestine...

In summary, POI is a predictable event with actual return of bowel function preceding clinically detectable signs of function by at least 24 h. All parts of the gastrointestinal tract are affected, but small-intestinal function returns first, probably as early as 4-8 h after surgery in many cases. The timing of restarting feeding could be earlier than current practice would suggest, and because of the more rapid recovery of small-intestinal function it could be argued that post-pyloric feeding, at least in the first 24-48 h, may be preferable...

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