nutritional assessment of preterm infantis

BACKGROUND: Probiotics have been shown to reduce the risk of mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. The probiotic species with the maximal benefits in neonates from low- and middle-income countries are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To identify the strain of probiotics with the maximum benefit in preventing neonatal mortality, sepsis, and NEC using the Bayesian network meta-analysis. SEARCH METHODS: We searched Medline via PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading cause of death caused by gastrointestinal disease in preterm infants. Major risk factors include prematurity, formula feeding, and gut microbial colonization. Microbes have been linked to NEC, yet there is no evidence of causal species, and select probiotics have been shown to reduce NEC incidence in infants. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ( BL. infantis ), alone and in combination with a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO)-sialylactose (3'SL)-on the microbiome, and the incidence of NEC in preterm piglets fed an infant formula diet...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the impact of two probiotic supplements on fecal microbiota and metabolites, as well as on gut inflammation in human milk-fed preterm infants. METHODS: In this single-center observational cohort study, we assessed the effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis or Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation on the infant gut microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolome by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fecal calprotectin was measured as a marker of enteric inflammation...

A bstract: Since originally isolated in 1899, the genus Bifidobacterium has been demonstrated to predominate in the gut microbiota of breastfed infants and to benefit the host by accelerating maturation of the immune response, balancing the immune system to suppress inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, and increasing acetate production. In particular, Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis ( B. infantis ) is well adapted to the infant gut and has co-evolved with the mother-infant dyad and gut microbiome, in part due to its ability to consume complex carbohydrates found in human milk...

BACKGROUND: A randomised, double-blind clinical trial was undertaken in order to assess the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns weighing <1500 g. METHODS: We studied a group of 150 patients who were randomised in two groups after parental consent was obtained, to receive either a daily feeding supplementation with a multispecies probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacteruim infantis, Streptococcus thermophillus) 1 g per day plus their regular feedings or to receive their regular feedings with nothing added (control group), over the period of January 2007 through June 2010...