pyrethrin poisoning

There is little evidence regarding pyrethroid poisoning manifesting with cardiac problems in the literature. Many authors, however, adopted that pyrethroids have a direct effect on heart tissue and can cause cardiotoxicity. Interestingly, no experimental studies have yet determined its mechanism of toxicity on cardiac muscle cells. This letter aims to describe the probable cause of clinical manifestations attributed to piperonylbutoxide, an ignored ingredient in pesticide poisoning, which is added to many pesticide products to increase their insecticidal potency...

Pyrethroid is an insecticide which is widely used for household pests. Even though they are relatively less toxic to humans, reports of accidental poisoning are not uncommon. Cases of anosmia, tremors and arrhythmias after pyrethroid exposure have been reported; however auditory hallucinations have not been presented yet. Herein, we present a case of auditory hallucination in the form of ringing in the ear after exposure to airborne pyrethrin in a 69-year-old male. The significance of this case report is related to the wide use of insecticides containing pyrethrin and highlights the need for physician awareness of this uncommon pathology...

Pyrethrins and their synthetic derivatives known as pyrethroids are highly effective insecticides used worldwide in the agricultural fields and households. Cypermethrin is a type II pyrethroid which acts primarily by delaying the closure of voltage-sensitive sodium channels at higher concentrations. Its toxicity in humans occur due to accidental or intentional exposure through inhalation, skin contact or via ingestion. Acute oral intoxication of cypermethrin commonly manifests with neurotoxic and gastrointestinal effects in humans...

BACKGROUND: Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides used for plant protection. They are synthetic analogues of pyrethrins. Lambdacyhalothrin (LCH) is a type II pyrethroid used for wheat, potato, corn farming, and malaria control. There are data that pyrethroids may cause neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity in non-target organisms. METHODS: The experiment was carried on 32 Albino Swiss mice (16 females and 16 males). The animals were divided into four groups...

Pesticide self-poisoning is rare in developed countries. We report a suicide case after inhalation of a pyrethrins containing insecticide spray. The patient presented at the emergency department with respiratory failure. Despite mechanical ventilation, he developed severe pulmonary inflammation with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and died 5 days later. Studies reporting on acute pyrethrins or pyrethroids insecticide poisoning in both occupational and non-occupational cases usually describe mild and self-limiting respiratory symptoms as the predominant symptom...

OBJECTIVE: Data from the Queensland Poisons Information Centre (QPIC) was assessed to determine mechanisms of acute insecticide poisoning in young children (<5 years) and whether age affects insecticide-poisoning patterns. METHODS: Records of all insecticide-related calls placed to QPIC in 2014 were obtained. A stratified analysis of call patterns by age was conducted. RESULTS: Of 743 insecticide-related calls received by QPIC 364 (49.0%) were for young children...

OBJECTIVES: European legislation requires reporting from Member States on acute poisoning incidents involving pesticides. However, standard rules for data collection and reporting have not yet been set out. The new categorization system presented in this paper is aimed at enabling Member States to gather comparable data and provide standard reporting on pesticide poisoning exposures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: European Regulations providing separate official categorization of biocidal and plant protection pesticides, were used as a basis to build up a unified pesticide categorization and coding system...

A retrospective study was carried out by reviewing all suspected cases of domestic animal poisoning attributed to pesticides, reported to the Milan Poison Control Centre (MPCC) between January 2011 and December 2013. During this period, pesticides were found to be responsible for 37.3% of all suspected poisoning enquiries received (815). The most commonly species involved was the dog (71.1% of calls) followed by the cat (15.8%), while a limited number of cases involved horses, goats and sheep. Most cases of exposure (47...

BACKGROUND: Deltamethrin (DEL) is a synthetic pyrethroid (PYR) insecticide, potent neurotoxicant. The current investigation was envisaged to explore behavioral, biochemical and morphologic effects of subacute poisoning with DEL in mice and to find one common mechanism of these changes. METHODS: Mice were daily injected ip with different doses of DEL: 8.3, 20.75 or 41.5mg/kg bw for 28 days. Their memory retention in passive avoidance task (PA), fresh spatial memory in a Y-maze and locomotor activity were measured once weekly...

This retrospective observational case series study was conducted to describe the clinical feature of acute type II pyrethroid poisoning, and to investigate whether hyperglycemia at presentation can predict the outcome in patients with type II pyrethroid poisoning. This study included 104 type II pyrethroid poisoned patients. The complication rate and mortality rate was 26.9% and 2.9% in type II pyrethroid poisoned patients. The most common complication was respiratory failure followed by acidosis and hypotension...

The use of pesticides for crop production has grown rapidly in Thailand during the last decade, resulting in significantly greater potential for exposure among children living on farms. Although some previous studies assessed exposures to pesticides in this population, no studies have been conducted to evaluate corresponding health effects. Twenty-four children from a rice farming community (exposed) and 29 from an aquaculture (shrimp) community (control) completed the study. Participants completed a neurobehavioral test battery three times at 6 month intervals: Session I: preliminary orientation; Session II: high pesticide use season; Session III: low pesticide-use season...

UNLABELLED: Bifenthrin (BIF) is a pyrethroid (PYR) insecticide. The target point for PYR's toxic action are voltage sensitive sodium channels in the central nervous system (CNS). Intoxication with PYRs results in motor activity impairment and death in insects. Although PYRs are considered to be safe for mammals, there were numerous cases of pyrethroid poisoning in humans, animals and pets described. The general population is chronically exposed to PYRs via grain products, dust and indoor air...

Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides used widely for vector control programs. Acute pyrethroid poisoning is rare, but well documented, whereas effects of cumulative exposure are insufficiently described, including possible negative effect on glucose regulation. The objective of this study was to investigate an association between exposure to pyrethroids and abnormal glucose regulation (prediabetes or diabetes). A cross-sectional study was performed among 116 pesticide sprayers from public vector control programs in Bolivia and 92 nonexposed controls...

The generalist predator Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is distributed in the Neotropical Region and presents a strong potential as a biological control agent due to its easily rearing, high voracity and tolerance to several pesticides. This species feeds on relevant pests such as aphids, whiteflies, trips and various lepidopterans. In Argentina, an indiscriminate chemical control with broad spectrum pesticides is still the first option for controlling pests causing resistance problems and reduction of beneficial organisms...

OBJECTIVE: To assess occupational exposure of malathion and bifenthrin concentrations by dermal contact and urinary 3-(2-chloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2, 2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic (TFP) acid, health symptoms developed and the relationship between bifenthrin concentrations and TFP acid in urine of the mosquito control sprayers. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The aerosols of these two pesticides were collected using 100 cm2 cotton patches attached on the skin of upper legs of 54 volunteer of mosquito control sprayers...

Malaria control, and that of other insect borne diseases such as dengue, is heavily dependent on our ability to control the mosquito populations that transmit these diseases. The major push over the last decade to reduce the global burden of malaria has been driven by the distribution of pyrethroid insecticide-treated bednets and an increase in coverage of indoor residual spraying (IRS). This has reduced malaria deaths by a third. Progress towards the goal of reducing this further is threatened by lack of funding and the selection of drug and insecticide resistance...

BACKGROUND: Organophosphate (OP) poisoning results in significant toxicity while pyrethroid poisoning is associated with extremely low fatality. OPs can inhibit the detoxification of pyrethroid and increase the toxicity of the combination. We assessed whether mixed OP-pyrethroid poisoning impacted outcome in human poisoning. METHODS: Patients were identified from a prospectively collected institutional poisoning database that incorporates demographic and outcome data of patients presenting with poisoning...

The use of pesticides and other chemicals has become a common practice in modern agriculture to enhance and stabilise crop yield, protect the nutritional integrity of food, facilitate food storage to assure year-round supplies, and provide attractive and appealing food products. With the adoption of strict good agricultural practice (GAP), only minimal amounts of pesticide residues should remain on the crops or in connected foods of animal origin up the food chain. To assess their associated health risk to local people, the dietary exposure of Hong Kong adults to residues of four groups of pesticides or their metabolites - organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), carbamates, pyrethrins and pyrethroids, and dithiocarbamate (DTC) metabolites - is estimated in the first Hong Kong Total Diet Study (TDS)...

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The study was designed to analyze the incidence and pattern of pesticide poisoning calls reported to the National Poisons Information Centre (NPIC), AIIMS, New Delhi and highlight the common classes of pesticides involved in poisoning. The telephone calls received by the Centre during the thirteen year period (1999-2012) were entered into a preset proforma and then into a retrievable database. A total of 4929 calls of pesticide poisoning were recorded. The data was analyzed with respect to age, gender, mode and type of poisoning...