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Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, and novel regulators of insulin secretion are desirable. Here we report that the succinate receptor (SUCNR1) is expressed in β-cells and is up-regulated in hyperglycemic states in mice and humans. We found that succinate acts as a hormone-like metabolite and stimulates insulin secretion via a SUCNR1-Gq-PKC-dependent mechanism in human β-cells. Mice with β-cell-specific Sucnr1 deficiency exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion on a high-fat diet, indicating that SUCNR1 is essential for preserving insulin secretion in diet-induced insulin resistance...

The current work aims to analyze the main themes related to artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainable development during the pandemic period. This study provides an overview of the specialized literature related to AI and sustainability from the beginning of the pandemic through 2023. The present paper analyses scientific literature emphasizing both artificial intelligence's positive and negative impacts on sustainable development objectives (SDGs). To conduct the research, we employed bibliometric analysis and text-mining techniques to identify the major themes in the literature indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases...

Trypanosoma cruzi hosts can serve as a source of infection for animals, vectors, and humans, contributing to the establishment of Chagas disease (CD) in a given area. Traditionally, the Department of Córdoba has not been considered a transmission area for CD; however, the report of several acute cases of Chagas disease highlights the importance of studying the dynamics of disease transmission in this region. This study aimed to detect T. cruzi in domestic and wild mammals in the department of Córdoba...

Hypothyroidism commonly presents with dermatological and hair-related symptoms, although the loss of eyelashes and eyebrows is considered uncommon in clinical practice. Here, we present a case of milphosis secondary to uncontrolled hypothyroidism. A 24-year-old female with a history of hypothyroidism following total thyroidectomy and poor medication adherence presented with significant eyelash loss, accompanied by symptoms of dysphonia, bradyphrenia, bradylalia, constipation, pronounced fatigue, and drowsiness...

BACKGROUND: Genetic studies implicate the oncogenic transcription factor Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) as a potential therapeutic target in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). We evaluated the activity of different FOXM1 inhibitors in HGSOC cell models. RESULTS: We treated HGSOC and fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cells with a panel of previously reported FOXM1 inhibitors. Based on drug potency, efficacy, and selectivity, determined through cell viability assays, we focused on two compounds, NB-73 and NB-115 (NB compounds), for further investigation...

The reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation appears to be a relevant solution to the challenges of growing water demand and scarcity. However, TWW contains not only micro-pollutants including pharmaceutical residues but also antibiotic resistant bacteria. The reuse of TWW could contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. The purpose of this study was to assess if exogenous bacteria from irrigation waters (TWW or tap water-TP) affect endogenous soil microbial communities (from 2 soils with distinct irrigation history) and key antibiotic resistance gene sul1 and mobile genetic elements intl1 and IS613...

Nitrate, the form of nitrogen often associated with kelp growth, is typically low in summer during periods of high macroalgal growth. More ephemeral, regenerated forms of nitrogen, such as ammonium and urea, are much less studied as sources of nitrogen for kelps, despite the relatively high concentrations of regenerated nitrogen found in the Southern California Bight, where kelps are common. To assess how nitrogen uptake by kelps varies by species and nitrogen form in southern California, USA, we measured uptake rates of nitrate, ammonium, and urea by Macrocystis pyrifera and Eisenia arborea individuals from four regions characterized by differences in nitrogen availability-Orange County, San Pedro, eastern Santa Catalina Island, and western Santa Catalina Island-during the summers of 2021 and 2022...

Rearrangements that place the oncogenes MYC, BCL2, or BCL6 adjacent to superenhancers are common in mature B-cell lymphomas. Lymphomas with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or high-grade morphology with both MYC and BCL2 rearrangements are classified as high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements ("double hit": HGBCL-DH-BCL2) and are associated with aggressive disease and poor outcomes. Although it is established that MYC rearrangements involving immunoglobulin (IG) loci are associated with inferior outcomes relative to those involving other non-IG superenhancers, the frequency of, and mechanisms driving, IG vs non-IG MYC rearrangements have not been elucidated...

Stutzerimonas stutzeri strain FeN3W is an iron-oxidizing bacterium isolated from marine sediment. FeN3W's 5.9 Mb genome encodes complete pathways for glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and aerobic and anaerobic (nitrate) respiration. The genome contains 32 putative heme-binding proteins predicted to localize to the cell envelope.

The mechanisms of psychotic symptoms like hallucinations and delusions are often investigated in fully-formed illness, well after symptoms emerge. These investigations have yielded key insights, but are not well-positioned to reveal the dynamic forces underlying symptom formation itself. Understanding symptom development over time would allow us to identify steps in the pathophysiological process leading to psychosis, shifting the focus of psychiatric intervention from symptom alleviation to prevention. We propose a model for understanding the emergence of psychotic symptoms within the context of an adaptive, developing neural system...

Background. Neonatal high blood pressure has been diagnosed more frequently in recent years, and its impact extends to adulthood. However, the knowledge gaps on associated factors, diagnosis, and treatment are challenging for medical personnel. The incidence of this condition varies depending on neonatal conditions. Patients in the Newborn Unit are at increased risk of developing high blood pressure. The persistence of this condition beyond the neonatal stage increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease in childhood and adulthood...

This study explores the role of managers' perceptions of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in preventing violence against women in companies. Surveying 673 managers in Lima, Peru, it found gender-based discrepancies in SDG priorities, with men leaning toward industry goals and women toward well-being and gender equality. Socially ingrained gender biases influence prevention strategies: men often comply with mandatory measures, while women opt for noncompulsory strategic actions. Notably, a high valuation of SDG-5 (gender equality) correlates with diverse prevention efforts...

Understanding the processes that drive phenotypic diversification and underpin speciation is key to elucidating how biodiversity has evolved. Although these processes have been studied across a wide array of clades, adaptive radiations (ARs), which are systems with multiple closely related species and broad phenotypic diversity, have been particularly fruitful for teasing apart the factors that drive and constrain diversification. As such, ARs have become popular candidate study systems for determining the extent to which ecological features, including aspects of organisms and the environment, and inter- and intraspecific interactions, led to evolutionary diversification...

BACKGROUND/AIM: H. pylori infection can promote a systemic inflammatory syndrome, eventually leading to intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible association between dyslipidemia and histopathological features of H. pylori gastritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational, retrospective study was conducted over the period 2017-2022 on symptomatic patients with a positive rapid urease test. A total of 121 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with stomach biopsy were enrolled in this study...

INTRODUCTION: Knee osteochondral lesions represent a frequent pathology within young active patients. One possible indication for severe lesions or in case of impossibility of harvesting an autograft is the use of fresh frozen allograft. The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze functional results and failure rate after osteochondral transplants using fresh frozen allografts. METHODS: We analyzed data from patients who underwent knee osteochondral transplant using mosaicplasty technique with fresh frozen allografts at our institution between 2014 and 2019...

Growing resistance to antimicrobials, combined with pathogens that form biofilms, presents significant challenges in healthcare. Modifying current antimicrobial agents is an economical approach to developing novel molecules that could exhibit biological activity. Thus, five sulfanilamide Schiff bases were synthesized under microwave irradiation and characterized spectroscopically and in silico. They were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of renal function in which gut dysbiosis is involved. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be a promising alternative for restoring gut microbiota and treating CKD. This study evaluated the changes in CKD progression in patients treated with FMT. Patients with diabetes and/or hypertension with CKD clinical stages 2, 3, and 4 in this single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04361097) were randomly assigned to receive either FMT or placebo capsules for 6 months...

Solanum tuberosum is one of the most widely cropped plant species worldwide; unfortunately, drought is one of the major constraints on potato productivity because it affects the physiology, biochemical processes, and yield. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has exhibited beneficial effects on plants during drought. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of AMF inoculation on two genotypes of potato plants exposed to water stress, and the photosynthetic traits, enzymatic antioxidant activity, and exudation of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) of potato plants inoculated with two strains of AMF, Claroideoglomus claroideum (CC) and Claroideoglomus lamellosum (HMC26), were evaluated...

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence induced by magnesium chloride (MgCl2 ) and zinc gluconate (ZnG) supplementation on liver and kidney injuries experimentally induced with acetaminophen (AAPh) and potentiated by a ciprofloxacin addition in rats. Material and Methods : The experiment was performed on five animal groups: group 1-control, treated for 6 weeks with normal saline, 1 mL/kg; group 2-AAPh, treated for 6 weeks with AAPh, 100 mg/kg/day; group 3-AAPh + C, treated for 6 weeks with AAPh 100 mg/kg/day and ciprofloxacin 50 mg/kg/day, only in the last 14 days of the experiment; group 4-AAPh + C + Mg, with the same treatment as group 3, but in the last 14 days, MgCl2 10 mg/ kg/day was added; and group 5-AAPh + C + Zn, with the same treatment as group 3, but in the last 14 days, zinc gluconate (ZnG), 10 mg/kg/day was added...

Phenolic compounds, originating from industrial, agricultural, and urban sources, can leach into flowing waters, adversely affecting aquatic life, biodiversity, and compromising the quality of drinking water, posing potential health hazards to humans. Thus, monitoring and mitigating the presence of phenolic compounds in flowing waters are essential for preserving ecosystem integrity and safeguarding public health. This study explores the development and performance of an innovative sensor based on screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with graphene (GPH), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and tyrosinase (Ty), designed for water analysis, focusing on the manufacturing process and the obtained electroanalytical results...