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Keywords Cancer AND Metformin AND Mitoc...

Cancer AND Metformin AND Mitochondria

https://read.qxmd.com/read/37016064/molecular-mechanisms-of-action-of-metformin-latest-advances-and-therapeutic-implications
#21
REVIEW
Hong Zhu, Zhenquan Jia, Yunbo Robert Li, Igor Danelisen
Metformin is among the most widely used antidiabetic drugs. Studies over the past few years have identified multiple novel molecular targets and pathways that metformin acts on to exert its beneficial effects in treating type 2 diabetes as well as other disorders involving dysregulated inflammation and redox homeostasis. In this mini-review, we discuss the latest cutting-edge research discoveries on novel molecular targets of metformin in glycemic control, cardiovascular protection, cancer intervention, anti-inflammation, antiaging, and weight control...
April 4, 2023: Clinical and Experimental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36852652/metformin-counters-oxidative-stress-and-mitigates-adverse-effects-of-radiation-exposure-an-overview
#22
REVIEW
Ekaterina Karmanova, Anatoly Chernikov, Anna Usacheva, Vladimir Ivanov, Vadim Bruskov
Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanidine hydrochloride) (MF) is a drug that has long been in use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and recently is coming into use in the radiation therapy of cancer and other conditions. Exposure to ionizing radiation disturbs the redox homeostasis of cells and causes damage to proteins, membranes, and mitochondria, destroying a number of biological processes. After irradiation, MF activates cellular antioxidant and repair systems by signaling to eliminate the harmful consequences of disruption of redox homeostasis...
February 28, 2023: Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36755090/green-synthesis-and-characterization-of-silver-nanoparticles-for-reducing-the-damage-to-sperm-parameters-in-diabetic-compared-to-metformin
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iman A Mohammed Ali, Ali Ben Ahmed, Hazim Ismail Al-Ahmed
The present study used physics to synthesize silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of fresh garlic as reducing and as a stabilizing agent silver nitrate solution. This method has proven to be environmentally friendly and safe for the synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles. The acquisition of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by optical detection, that is, by changing the color of the liquid to transparent orange and then blackish brown. Then, the characterization was confirmed using other assays. In this study, it was found that the absorption peak of silver nanoparticles was at a wavelength of 420 nm and the particle size ranged between [50-350] nm...
February 8, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36484892/metformin-in-therapeutic-applications-in-human-diseases-its-mechanism-of-action-and-clinical-study
#24
REVIEW
Yang Du, Ya-Juan Zhu, Yi-Xin Zhou, Jing Ding, Ji-Yan Liu
Metformin, a biguanide drug, is the most commonly used first-line medication for type 2 diabetes mellites due to its outstanding glucose-lowering ability. After oral administration of 1 g, metformin peaked plasma concentration of approximately 20-30 μM in 3 h, and then it mainly accumulated in the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidney. Substantial studies have indicated that metformin exerts its beneficial or deleterious effect by multiple mechanisms, apart from AMPK-dependent mechanism, also including several AMPK-independent mechanisms, such as restoring of redox balance, affecting mitochondrial function, modulating gut microbiome and regulating several other signals, such as FBP1, PP2A, FGF21, SIRT1 and mTOR...
December 9, 2022: Mol Biomed
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36438608/cascade-enhanced-catalytic-nanocomposite-with-glutathione-depletion-and-respiration-inhibition-for-effective-starving-chemodynamic-therapy-against-hypoxic-tumor
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiran Zhang, Hongzhi Hu, Xiangtian Deng, Qingcheng Song, Xin Xing, Weijian Liu, Yingze Zhang
BACKGROUND: Although chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has attracted enormous attention in anti-tumor studies for converting endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) into toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by Fenton-type reaction, the treating effects of using CDT alone is still unsatisfying. Recently, glucose oxidase (GOx) was reported to be co-delivered with Fenton agent for synergistic starvation therapy (ST) and CDT. However, the overexpressed glutathione (GSH) and hypoxia in tumor microenvironment (TME) restrict the therapeutic efficacy of ST/CDT...
2022: International Journal of Nanomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36330539/epigenetics-and-mitochondrial-dysfunction-insights-into-the-impact-of-the-progression-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
#26
REVIEW
Shreyoshi Guha, Selvam Sesili, Ishfaq Hassan Mir, Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu
A metabolic problem occurs when regular functions of the body are disrupted due to an undesirable imbalance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as one of the most common in this category. NAFLD is subclassified and progresses from lipid accumulation to cirrhosis before advancing to hepatocellular cancer. In spite of being a critical concern, the standard treatment is inadequate. Metformin, silymarin, and other nonspecific medications are used in the management of NAFLD. Aside from this available medicine, maintaining a healthy lifestyle has been emphasized as a means of combating this...
November 3, 2022: Cell Biochemistry and Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36144606/epr-investigations-to-study-the-impact-of-mito-metformin-on-the-mitochondrial-function-of-prostate-cancer-cells
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Donatienne d'Hose, Barbara Mathieu, Lionel Mignion, Micael Hardy, Olivier Ouari, Bénédicte F Jordan, Pierre Sonveaux, Bernard Gallez
BACKGROUND: Mito-metformin10 (MM10), synthesized by attaching a triphenylphosphonium cationic moiety via a 10-carbon aliphatic side chain to metformin, is a mitochondria-targeted analog of metformin that was recently demonstrated to alter mitochondrial function and proliferation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Here, we hypothesized that this compound may decrease the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in prostate cancer cells, increase the level of mitochondrial ROS, alleviate tumor hypoxia, and radiosensitize tumors...
September 10, 2022: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36072341/insight-into-the-interplay-between-mitochondria-regulated-cell-death-and-energetic-metabolism-in-osteosarcoma
#28
REVIEW
Hong Toan Lai, Nataliia Naumova, Antonin Marchais, Nathalie Gaspar, Birgit Geoerger, Catherine Brenner
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a pediatric malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescent and young adults. It has high risk for relapse and over the last four decades no improvement of prognosis was achieved. It is therefore crucial to identify new drug candidates for OS treatment to combat drug resistance, limit relapse, and stop metastatic spread. Two acquired hallmarks of cancer cells, mitochondria-related regulated cell death (RCD) and metabolism are intimately connected. Both have been shown to be dysregulated in OS, making them attractive targets for novel treatment...
2022: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36060506/txnip-inhibition-in-the-treatment-of-diabetes-verapamil-as-a-novel-therapeutic-modality-in-diabetic-patients
#29
REVIEW
Agnieszka Magdalena Borowiec, Adam Właszczuk, Edyta Olakowska, Joanna Lewin-Kowalik
Loss of pancreatic β-cell is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and it also occurs in type 2. TXNIP ( thioredoxin - interacting protein ), also known as vitamin D3-upregulated protein 1, or thioredoxin-binding-protein-2, regulates this process and modulates cellular redox balance. TXNIP is localized primarily in the nucleus, but under oxidative stress it moves to mitochondria, where it interacts with mitochondrial thioredoxin 2. Overexpression of TXNIP induced by hyperglycaemia is typical for diabetes and insulin resistance and leads to apoptosis of pancreatic β-cell, cardiomyopathy, metabolic disorders and multiple harmful effects...
July 2022: Medicine and pharmacy reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35983175/nir-light-controlled-g-quadruplex-hydrogel-for-synergistically-enhancing-photodynamic-therapy-via-sustained-delivery-of-metformin-and-catalase-like-activity-in-breast-cancer
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanting Sun, Kang Fang, Xiaochun Hu, Jingxian Yang, Zhengyang Jiang, Lei Feng, Ruihao Li, Yiming Rao, Shuo Shi, Chunyan Dong
Severely hypoxic condition of tumour represents a notable obstacle against the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT). While mitochondria targeted therapy by metformin has been considered as a promising strategy for reducing oxygen consumption in tumours, its low treatment sensitivity, short half-life and narrow absorption window in vivo remain the intractable challenges. In this report, 5'-guanosine monophosphate (5'GMP), indocyanine green (ICG), hemin and metformin, were combined to construct a smart G-quadruplex (G4) hydrogel named HMI@GEL for breast cancer (BC) treatment...
December 2022: Materials today. Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35873543/super-resolution-quantification-of-t2dm-induced-mitochondrial-morphology-changes-and-their-implications-in-pharmacodynamics-of-metformin-and-sorafenib
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Du, Ya-Juan Zhu, Bo Zeng, Xiao-Li Mu, Ji-Yan Liu
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse of cells, are involved in various processes of cellular homeostasis, especially energy metabolism. The morphology of mitochondria is a critical indicator for their functions, referring to mitochondrial fusion and fission. Here, we performed structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to measure the mitochondrial morphology in living cells. Benefitting from its nano-scale resolution, this SIM-based strategy can quantify the fusion and fission of mitochondria with high sensitivity...
2022: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35844589/nutrient-condition-in-the-microenvironment-determines-essential-metabolisms-of-cd8-t-cells-for-enhanced-ifn%C3%AE-production-by-metformin
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruoyu Chao, Mikako Nishida, Nahoko Yamashita, Miho Tokumasu, Weiyang Zhao, Ikuru Kudo, Heiichiro Udono
Metformin (Met), a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes, lowers blood glucose levels by suppressing gluconeogenesis in the liver, presumably through the liver kinase B1-dependent activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) after inhibiting respiratory chain complex I. Met is also implicated as a drug to be repurposed for cancers; its mechanism is believed identical to that of gluconeogenesis inhibition. However, AMPK activation requires high Met concentrations at more than 1 mM, which are unachievable in vivo ...
2022: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35756631/therapeutic-targeting-of-tumor-cells-and-tumor-immune-microenvironment-vulnerabilities
#33
REVIEW
Balaraman Kalyanaraman, Gang Cheng, Micael Hardy
Therapeutic targeting of tumor vulnerabilities is emerging as a key area of research. This review is focused on exploiting the vulnerabilities of tumor cells and the immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), including tumor hypoxia, tumor acidity, the bidirectional proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) of lactate, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and redox enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cancer cells use glucose for energy even under normoxic conditions...
2022: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35640743/metformin-is-it-a-drug-for-all-reasons-and-diseases
#34
REVIEW
Chris R Triggle, Ibrahim Mohammed, Khalifa Bshesh, Isra Marei, Kevin Ye, Hong Ding, Ross MacDonald, Morley D Hollenberg, Michael A Hill
Metformin was first used to treat type 2 diabetes in the late 1950s and in 2022 remains the first-choice drug used daily by approximately 150 million people. An accumulation of positive pre-clinical and clinical data has stimulated interest in re-purposing metformin to treat a variety of diseases including COVID-19. In polycystic ovary syndrome metformin improves insulin sensitivity. In type 1 diabetes metformin may help reduce the insulin dose. Meta-analysis and data from pre-clinical and clinical studies link metformin to a reduction in the incidence of cancer...
August 2022: Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35625692/metformin-enhancement-of-therapeutic-effects-of-5-fluorouracil-and-oxaliplatin-in-colon-cancer-cells-and-nude-mice
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwan-Ling Yip, Tsen-Ni Tsai, I-Ping Yang, Zhi-Feng Miao, Yen-Cheng Chen, Ching-Chun Li, Wei-Chih Su, Tsung-Kun Chang, Ching-Wen Huang, Hsiang-Lin Tsai, Yung-Sung Yeh, Jaw-Yuan Wang
Studies have demonstrated that metformin has antitumor effects in addition to therapeutic effects on hyperglycemia; however, few studies have explored the effects of metformin in chemotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that the administration of metformin would enhance the therapeutic effects of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FuOx) to inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro and in vivo. The results of our in vitro experiments demonstrated that metformin significantly increased the effects of FuOx with respect to cell proliferation ( p < 0...
April 20, 2022: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35405526/metformin-alleviates-nickel-refining-fumes-induced-aerobic-glycolysis-via-ampk-golph3-pathway-in-vitro-and-in-vivo
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tong Zhang, Yue Wang, Yangyang Chen, Ying Gao, Dan Zhang, Shuo Jin, Wenxue Yao, Lina Li, Shikuan Yang, Yonghui Wu
Nickel (Ni) compounds is recognized industrial carcinogen, which could increase the risk of lung cancer in Ni refineries workers. However, the underlying carcinogenic mechanism still remains to elucidate. Metformin has shown the anticancer properties through suppressing aerobic glycolysis. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of Ni-refining fumes exposure on aerobic glycolysis and the role of AMPK/GOLPH3, as well as how metformin alleviated nickel-induced aerobic glycolysis in vitro and vivo. Firstly, Beas-2B cells were exposed to different concentrations of Ni-refining fumes and pretreated with metformin (activation of AMPK), compound C (AMPK inhibitor) in vitro...
May 1, 2022: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35122876/metformin-sensitizes-aml-cells-to-chemotherapy-through-blocking-mitochondrial-transfer-from-stromal-cells-to-aml-cells
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruolan You, Bin Wang, Ping Chen, Xiaoming Zheng, Diyu Hou, Xiaoting Wang, Beiying Zhang, Ling Chen, Dongliang Li, Xinjian Lin, Huifang Huang
Interaction between stromal cells and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells in bone marrow (BM) is known to contribute importantly to chemoresistance and disease recurrence. Therefore, disruption of a crosstalk between AML cells and BM microenvironment may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for AML treatment. Here, we demonstrate that in a niche-like co-culture system, AML cells took up functional mitochondria from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and inhibition of such mitochondrial transfer by metformin, the most commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, significantly enhanced the chemosensitivity of AML cells co-cultured with BMSCs...
April 28, 2022: Cancer Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34769368/olaparib-is-a-mitochondrial-complex-i-inhibitor-that-kills-temozolomide-resistant-human-glioblastoma-cells
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca X Zampieri, Martina Sboarina, Andrea Cacace, Debora Grasso, Léopold Thabault, Loïc Hamelin, Thibaut Vazeille, Elodie Dumon, Rodrigue Rossignol, Raphaël Frédérick, Etienne Sonveaux, Florence Lefranc, Pierre Sonveaux
Glioblastoma represents the highest grade of brain tumors. Despite maximal resection surgery associated with radiotherapy and concomitant followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), patients have a very poor prognosis due to the rapid recurrence and the acquisition of resistance to TMZ. Here, initially considering that TMZ is a prodrug whose activation is pH-dependent, we explored the contribution of glioblastoma cell metabolism to TMZ resistance. Using isogenic TMZ-sensitive and TMZ-resistant human glioblastoma cells, we report that the expression of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which is known to repair TMZ-induced DNA methylation, does not primarily account for TMZ resistance...
November 3, 2021: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34671273/adverse-effects-of-metformin-from-diabetes-to-covid-19-cancer-neurodegenerative-diseases-and-aging-is-vdac1-a-common-target
#39
REVIEW
Varda Shoshan-Barmatz, Uttpal Anand, Edna Nahon-Crystal, Marta Di Carlo, Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine
Metformin has been used for treating diabetes mellitus since the late 1950s. In addition to its antihyperglycemic activity, it was shown to be a potential drug candidate for treating a range of other diseases that include various cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, renal diseases, obesity, inflammation, COVID-19 in diabetic patients, and aging. In this review, we focus on the important aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction in energy metabolism and cell death with their gatekeeper VDAC1 (voltage-dependent anion channel 1) as a possible metformin target, and summarize metformin's effects in several diseases and gut microbiota...
2021: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34659521/metformin-and-arsenic-trioxide-synergize-to-trigger-parkin-pink1-dependent-mitophagic-cell-death-in-human-cervical-cancer-hela-cells
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Chen, Cunmin Zhou, Juan Yi, Jingjing Sun, Bei Xie, Zhewen Zhang, Qunfeng Wang, Gang Chen, Suya Jin, Jinxia Hou, Miao Qin, Lina Wang, Hulai Wei
Mitochondria are involved in various biological processes including intracellular homeostasis, proliferation, senescence, and death, and mitochondrial mitophagy is closely related to the development and regression of malignant tumors. Recent studies confirmed that the hypoglycemic drug metformin (Met) exerted various antitumor effects, protected neural cells, and improved immunity, while arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of leukemia and various solid tumors...
2021: Journal of Cancer
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