keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37797028/ancient-dna-genomics-and-the-renaissance-of-herbaria
#21
REVIEW
Hernán A Burbano, Rafal M Gutaker
Herbaria are undergoing a renaissance as valuable sources of genomic data for exploring plant evolution, ecology, and diversity. Ancient DNA retrieved from herbarium specimens can provide unprecedented glimpses into past plant communities, their interactions with biotic and abiotic factors, and the genetic changes that have occurred over time. Here, we highlight recent advances in the field of herbarium genomics and discuss the challenges and opportunities of combining data from modern and time-stamped historical specimens...
October 6, 2023: Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37744981/the-promise-of-affective-language-for-identifying-and-intervening-on-psychopathology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erik C Nook
We are in dire need of innovative tools for reducing the global burden of psychopathology. Emerging evidence suggests that analyzing language (i.e., the words people use) can grant insight into an individual's emotional experiences, their ability to regulate their emotions, and even their current experiences of psychopathology. As such, linguistic analyses of people's everyday word use may be a diagnostic marker of emotional well-being, and manipulating the words people use could foster adaptive emotion regulation and mental health...
September 2023: Affective science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37663424/the-role-of-micrornas-in-development-of-endometrial-cancer-a-literature-review
#23
REVIEW
Somasundaram Indumati, Birajdar Apurva, Gaur Gaurav, Singh Nehakumari, Vyas Nishant
Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks as the second most common gynaecological cancer worldwide. EC patients are diagnosed at an early clinical stage and generally have a good prognosis. Therefore, there is a dire need for development of a specific marker for early detection of endometrial adenocarcinoma. The development of EC is conditioned by a multistep process of oncogenic upregulation and tumor suppressor downregulation as shown by molecular genetic evidence. In this setting, microRNAs appear as significant regulators of gene expression and several variations in the expression of microRNAs have been implicated in normal endometrium, endometrial tissue, metrorrhagia, and endometrial cancer...
2023: Journal of Reproduction & Infertility
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37622906/microparticle-based-detection-of-viruses
#24
REVIEW
Bradley Khanthaphixay, Lillian Wu, Jeong-Yeol Yoon
Surveillance of viral pathogens in both point-of-care and clinical settings is imperative to preventing the widespread propagation of disease-undetected viral outbreaks can pose dire health risks on a large scale. Thus, portable, accessible, and reliable biosensors are necessary for proactive measures. Polymeric microparticles have recently gained popularity for their size, surface area, and versatility, which make them ideal biosensing tools. This review cataloged recent investigations on polymeric microparticle-based detection platforms across eight virus families...
August 15, 2023: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37526052/blinding-models-for-scientific-peer-review-of-biomedical-research-proposals-a-systematic-review
#25
REVIEW
Seba Qussini, Ross S MacDonald, Saad Shahbal, Kris Dierickx
Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to estimate: (i) the overall effect of blinding models on bias; (ii) the effect of each blinding model; and (iii) the effect of un-blinding on reviewer's accountability in biomedical research proposals. Methods: Systematic review of prospective or retrospective comparative studies that evaluated two or more peer review blinding models for biomedical research proposals/funding applications and reported outcomes related to peer review efficiency. Results: Three studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review and assessed using the QualSyst tool by two authors...
August 1, 2023: Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics: JERHRE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37418817/multifactorial-role-of-nanoparticles-in-alleviating-environmental-stresses-for-sustainable-crop-production-and-protection
#26
REVIEW
Biswajit Pramanik, Puranjoy Sar, Ruchi Bharti, Rahul Kumar Gupta, Shampa Purkayastha, Somya Sinha, Sourav Chattaraj, Debasis Mitra
In the era of dire environmental fluctuations, plants undergo several stressors during their life span, which severely impact their development and overall growth in negative aspects. Abiotic stress factors, especially moisture stress i.e shortage (drought) or excess (flooding), salinity, temperature divergence (i.e. heat and cold stress), heavy metal toxicity, etc. create osmotic and ionic imbalance inside the plant cells, which ultimately lead to devastating crop yield, sometimes crop failure. Apart from the array of abiotic stresses, various biotic stress caused by pathogens, insects, and nematodes also affect production...
June 29, 2023: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: PPB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37378762/psychological-distress-impact-of-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-outbreak-on-three-continents-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Ashtari, Farshid Rahimi-Bashar, Leila Karimi, Mahmood Salesi, Paul C Guest, Maryam Matbou Riahi, Amir Vahedian-Azimi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
BACKGROUND: The dire state of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has had a substantial psychological impact on society. METHODS: A systematic search was performed through Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health of individuals in various countries. Subgroup analyses considered gender and classification of countries into three continents of America, Europe, and Asia. Only studies that used the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire as a tool to assess mental distress were included in this meta-analysis...
2023: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37361671/a-multimethod-synthesis-of-covid-19-education-research-the-tightrope-between-covidization-and-meaningfulness
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Saqr, Miroslava Raspopovic Milic, Katina Pancheva, Jovana Jovic, Elitsa V Peltekova, Miguel Á Conde
This study offers a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 research in education. A multi-methods approach was used to capture the full breadth of educational research. As such, a bibliometric analysis, structural topic modeling, and qualitative synthesis of top papers were combined. A total of 4,201 articles were retrieved from Scopus, mostly published from 2019 to 2021. In this work special attention is paid to analyzing and synthesizing findings about: (i) status of research about COVID-19 regarding frequencies, venues, publishing countries, (ii) identification of main topics in the COVID-19 research, and (iii) identification of the major themes in most cited articles and their impact on the educational community...
March 21, 2023: Universal access in the information society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37303168/evidence-based-assessment-of-developmental-disorders
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anjeli Elkins, Madeline Petersen, Urveesha Nirjar, Nina Monticello, Michelle Martel
Developmental disorders are diverse, common, and impairing; still, many clinicians lack comprehensive training in their assessment. This review presents thorough guidelines for the evaluation and diagnosis of common communication, sleeping, feeding, and elimination disorders that often onset in the early developmental period and that are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Thorough guidance on the evidence-based assessment of developmental disorders is critical, as they are prevalent, impairing, and commonly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders of childhood...
June 11, 2023: Assessment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37116795/pharmacists-perspectives-on-medsma%C3%A2-t-a-serious-game-to-educate-youth-about-opioid-safety
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olufunmilola Abraham, Evan Slonac, Zachary Paulsen
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent opioid misuse has been recognized as a dire public health issue. Despite efforts to address the opioid epidemic in the United States, opioid-related morbidity and mortality have continued to rise. Few interventions have been tailored to prevent adolescent opioid misuse. MedSMA℞T: Adventures in PharmaCity (MedSMA℞T), is a serious game that educates the end-user by challenging them to make applicable decisions in a low-stakes environment. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to characterize pharmacists' perspectives on using MedSMA℞T to educate adolescents and families about opioid medication safety...
April 26, 2023: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37097792/post-processing-fairness-evaluation-of-federated-models-an-unsupervised-approach-in-healthcare
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilias Siniosoglou, Vasileios Argyriou, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis, Thomas Lagkas, Antonios Sarigiannidis, Sotirios K Goudos, Shaohua Wan
Modern Healthcare cyberphysical systems have begun to rely more and more on distributed AI leveraging the power of Federated Learning (FL). Its ability to train Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models for the wide variety of medical fields, while at the same time fortifying the privacy of the sensitive information that are present in the medical sector, makes the FL technology a necessary tool in modern health and medical systems. Unfortunately, due to the polymorphy of distributed data and the shortcomings of distributed learning, the local training of Federated models sometimes proves inadequate and thus negatively imposes the federated learning optimization process and in extend in the subsequent performance of the rest Federated models...
April 25, 2023: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37078928/challenges-in-recruitment-and-retention-leveraging-health-related-antecedents-and-information-carrier-factors-to-improve-patient-participation-in-pancreatic-cancer-research-a-review-article
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara B Coffin, Barbara J Kenner
Advancements in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) prevention, diagnosis, and treatment rely on representative and robust clinical trial participation. Given the severity of PDAC, along with the lack of effective early detection approaches, the need for accessible screening tools and new treatments is dire. Unfortunately, enrollment barriers often result in low participant accrual rates for PDAC studies and illustrate the challenging terrain researchers are facing. Research participation along with access to preventative care has been further impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic...
October 1, 2022: Pancreas
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37008417/identification-of-anthropometric-surrogate-measurements-and-their-cut-off-points-for-the-detection-of-low-birth-weight-and-premature-newborn-babies-using-roc-analysis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eskedar Sintayehu, Yitagesu Sintayehu, Abdu Oumer, Anteneh Berhane
Despite the fact that health facilities in Ethiopia are being built closer to communities in all regions, the proportion of home deliveries remains high, and there are no studies being conducted to identify low birth weight (LBW) and premature newborn babies using simple, best, alternative, and appropriate anthropometric measurement in the study area. The objective of the present study was to find the simple, best, and alternative anthropometric measurement and identified its cut-off points for detecting LBW and premature newborn babies...
2023: Journal of Nutritional Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36927505/automated-prioritization-of-sick-newborns-for-whole-genome-sequencing-using-clinical-natural-language-processing-and-machine-learning
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bennet Peterson, Edgar Javier Hernandez, Charlotte Hobbs, Sabrina Malone Jenkins, Barry Moore, Edwin Rosales, Samuel Zoucha, Erica Sanford, Matthew N Bainbridge, Erwin Frise, Albert Oriol, Luca Brunelli, Stephen F Kingsmore, Mark Yandell
BACKGROUND: Rapidly and efficiently identifying critically ill infants for whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a costly and challenging task currently performed by scarce, highly trained experts and is a major bottleneck for application of WGS in the NICU. There is a dire need for automated means to prioritize patients for WGS. METHODS: Institutional databases of electronic health records (EHRs) are logical starting points for identifying patients with undiagnosed Mendelian diseases...
March 16, 2023: Genome Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36910819/children-s-drawings-as-a-projective-tool-to-explore-and-prevent-experiences-of-mistreatment-and-or-sexual-abuse
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisabeth Ballús, Ma Carmen Comelles, Ma Teresa Pasto, Paula Benedico
Reality shows us that situations of mistreatment and sexual abuse in childhood are still seldom visible, despite their high prevalence around the world. It is essential to detect and address them, especially among children in situations of dire risk or neglect. The purpose of this study is to determine if graphic emotional indicators are expressed in the drawings of the projective Draw-a-Person (D.A.P) test, made by children in situations of dire risk or neglect. The sample is made up of 34 children, between the ages of 5 and 11 (17 girls and 17 boys), attended by Specialised Child and Adolescent Care Services of the Barcelona Town Hall (Spain)...
2023: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36881589/-nutripiatto-a-tool-for-nutritional-education-a-survey-to-assess-dietary-habits-in-preschool-children
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Greta Lattanzi, Claudia Di Rosa, Chiara Spiezia, Roberto Sacco, Samanta Cattafi, Leonardo Romano, Domenico Benvenuto, Silvia Fabris, Laura De Gara, Yeganeh Manon Khazrai
Childhood obesity is a global public health concern linked to metabolic and psychological comorbidities. There is growing evidence that children's lifestyle habits are shifting towards obesity, with dire consequences for their future well-being and healthcare costs. In this interventional study, we enrolled 115 children aged between 4-5 years (53% females and 47% males) and carried out nutrition education interventions to improve their dietary habits. We introduced "Nutripiatto", a visual plate icon and easy guide, which was used by the children during the study...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36832201/through-the-looking-glass-updated-insights-on-ovarian-cancer-diagnostics
#37
REVIEW
Sourav Chakraborty, Priti S Shenoy, Megha Mehrotra, Pratham Phadte, Prerna Singh, Bharat Rekhi, Pritha Ray
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynaecological malignancy and the eighth most prevalent cancer in women, with an abysmal mortality rate of two million worldwide. The existence of multiple overlapping symptoms with other gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and gynaecological maladies often leads to late-stage diagnosis and extensive extra-ovarian metastasis. Due to the absence of any clear early-stage symptoms, current tools only aid in the diagnosis of advanced-stage patients, wherein the 5-year survival plummets further to less than 30%...
February 14, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36819973/multidrug-resistant-tb-mdr-tb-and-extensively-drug-resistant-tb-xdr-tb-among-children-where-we-stand-now
#38
REVIEW
Kona Chowdhury, Rahnuma Ahmad, Susmita Sinha, Siddhartha Dutta, Mainul Haque
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has continued to be a global health cataclysm. It is an arduous condition to tackle but is curable with the proper choice of drug and adherence to the drug therapy. WHO has introduced newer drugs with all-oral shorter regimens, but the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the achievements and raised the severity. The COVID-19 controlling mechanism is based on social distancing, using face masks, personal protective equipment, medical glove, head shoe cover, face shield, goggles, hand hygiene, and many more...
February 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36757929/host-populations-challenges-and-commercialization-of-cryptococcal-vaccines
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maurizio Del Poeta, Floyd L Wormley, Xiaorong Lin
Vaccines are one of the most effective public health tools to prevent and manage infectious diseases. Since the first clinical use of vaccines in the late 18th century, many vaccines have been successfully developed to combat bacterial and viral infections, including the most recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, there remains no vaccine that is clinically available to treat or prevent invasive fungal diseases, including cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. This fungal disease is uniformly fatal without treatment and has a global mortality rate of over 70%...
February 2023: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36691551/genetic-diversity-and-population-structure-of-sorghum-sorghum-bicolor-l-moench-genotypes-in-ethiopia-as-revealed-by-microsatellite-markers
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wubshet Mamo, Muluken Enyew, Tilahun Mekonnen, Kassahun Tesfaye, Tileye Feyissa
In the tropical and semi-arid regions of Africa, sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is mainly grown as a major food security crop. Understanding the extent and pattern of genetic variability is a prerequisite criterion for sorghum improvement and conservation. The genetic diversity and population structure of 100 genotypes of sorghum were profiled using 15 microsatellite loci. A total of 108 alleles, with an overall mean of 7.2 alleles per locus, were produced by all of the microsatellite loci used due to their high polymorphism...
January 2023: Heliyon
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