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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed S Abdel-Moneim, Modra Murovska, Maria Söderlund-Venermo, Vikram N Vakharia, William C Wilson, Douglas P Gladue, Matthew D Moore, Covadonga Alonso, Sayed F Abdelwahab, Marietjie Venter, Yashpal S Malik, Shi Zhengli, Shailendra K Saxena, Anupam Varma, Richard J Kuhn
The Second International Conference of the World Society for Virology (WSV), hosted by Riga Stradiņš University, was held in Riga, Latvia, on June 15-17th, 2023. It prominently highlighted the recent advancements in different disciplines of virology. The conference had fourteen keynote speakers covering diverse topics, including emerging virus pseudotypes, Zika virus vaccine development, herpesvirus capsid mobility, parvovirus invasion strategies, influenza in animals and birds, West Nile virus and Marburg virus ecology, as well as the latest update in animal vaccines...
March 15, 2024: Virology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristina Lopez, Katie Susong, Patrick Irwin, Susan Paskewitz, Lyric Bartholomay
Since the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) to the United States over 20 years ago, thousands of cases of human disease and death have been reported. Yearly seasonal outbreaks continue to persist, and the city and suburbs of Chicago, Illinois, is considered a "hot spot" for WNV activity. To interrupt WNV transmission, ground ultra-low volume (ULV) adulticide applications are regularly used to reduce Culex pipiens L. and Culex restuans Theobold (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance and infection. The real-world effectiveness of adulticide applications has not been comprehensively assessed, and prior studies, including our own investigation, have yielded inconclusive or conflicting results...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Medical Entomology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sven Michael Bergmann, Yingying Wang, Yingying Li, Qing Wang, Sandro Klafack, Yeonhwa Jin, Arndt Christian Hofmann, Jolanta Kielpinska, Anna Maria Becker, Weiwei Zeng
INTRODUCTION: Herpesviruses are common agents in animals of the aquatic environment. They infect many species of fish but only lead to disease in one or two species. Nevertheless, infected fish without clinical symptoms can actively transfer infectious agents to disease-susceptible species. The aim of the study was to identify and prove the natural presence of different herpesviruses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Koi, Nile tilapia, grass carp, goldfish and crucian carp were infected with a herpesvirus isolate 99% identical to goldfish herpesvirus (GHV) or cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) obtained from crucian carp...
March 2024: Journal of Veterinary Research
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen M Faddy, Carla Osiowy, Brian Custer, Michael Busch, Susan L Stramer, Melinda M Dean, Jessika Acutt, Elvina Viennet, Thijs van de Laar, Wai-Chiu Tsoi, Claire Styles, Phil Kiely, Angelo Margaritis, So-Yong Kwon, Yan Qiu, Xuelian Deng, Antoine Lewin, Signe Winther Jørgensen, Christian Erikstrup, David Juhl, Silvia Sauleda, Bernardo Armando Camacho Rodriguez, Lisbeth Jennifer Catherine Soto Coral, Paula Andrea Gaviria García, Sineenart Oota, Sheila F O'Brien, Silvano Wendel, Emma Castro, Laura Navarro Pérez, Heli Harvala, Katy Davison, Claire Reynolds, Lisa Jarvis, Piotr Grabarczyk, Aneta Kopacz, Magdalena Łętowska, Niamh O'Flaherty, Fiona Young, Padraig Williams, Lisa Burke, Sze Sze Chua, An Muylaert, Isabel Page, Ann Jones, Christoph Niederhauser, Marion Vermeulen, Syria Laperche, Pierre Gallian, Masahiro Satake, Marcelo Addas-Carvalho, Sebastián Blanco, Sandra V Gallego, Axel Seltsam, Marijke Weber-Schehl, Arwa Z Al-Riyami, Khuloud Al Maamari, Fatma Ba Alawi, Hem Chandra Pandey, Rochele Azevedo França, Richard Charlewood
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nucleic acid-amplification testing (NAT) is used for screening blood donations/donors for blood-borne viruses. We reviewed global viral NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used by blood operators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used during 2019 was surveyed internationally by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases...
March 22, 2024: Vox Sanguinis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zsaklin Varga, Rubén Bueno-Marí, José Risueño Iranzo, Kornélia Kurucz, Gábor Endre Tóth, Brigitta Zana, Safia Zeghbib, Tamás Görföl, Ferenc Jakab, Gábor Kemenesi
BACKGROUND: Different mosquito control strategies have been implemented to mitigate or prevent mosquito-related public health situations. Modern mosquito control largely relies on multiple approaches, including targeted, specific treatments. Given this, it is becoming increasingly important to supplement these activities with rapid and mobile diagnostic capacities for mosquito-borne diseases. We aimed to create and test the applicability of a rapid diagnostic system for West Nile virus that can be used under field conditions...
March 18, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dominique Comeau, Maria T Spinato, Davor Ojkic, Robert A Foster, Jeff L Caswell
Astroviruses have been found in cattle and other species with encephalitis. Our objective was to determine the frequency of neurotropic bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) in cases of encephalitis in cattle ≥ 4-mo-old. Of 56 cases of idiopathic lymphocytic encephalitis examined retrospectively (1988-2019), fixed brain from 11 cases (19%) tested positive by semi-quantitative RT-PCR for BoAstV CH13/NeuroS1. None of the control cases tested positive, including 32 with other forms of encephalitis and 40 with no neurologic disease...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
#27
REVIEW
Russell C Dale, Shekeeb S Mohammad
New onset movement disorders are a common clinical problem in pediatric neurology and can be infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, or functional in origin. Encephalitis is one of the more important causes of new onset movement disorders, and movement disorders are a common feature (~25%) of all encephalitis. However, all encephalitides are not the same, and movement disorders are a key diagnostic feature that can help the clinician identify the etiology of the encephalitis, and therefore appropriate treatment is required...
2024: Handbook of Clinical Neurology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marielle Cochet, François Piumi, Kamila Gorna, Noémie Berry, Gaëlle Gonzalez, Anne Danckaert, Nathalie Aulner, Odile Blanchet, Stéphan Zientara, Francesc Xavier Donadeu, Hélène Munier-Lehmann, Jennifer Richardson, Alexandra Benchoua, Muriel Coulpier
Outbreaks of West Nile virus (WNV) occur periodically, affecting both human and equine populations. There are no vaccines for humans, and those commercialised for horses do not have sufficient coverage. Specific antiviral treatments do not exist. Many drug discovery studies have been conducted, but since rodent or primate cell lines are normally used, results cannot always be transposed to horses. There is thus a need to develop relevant equine cellular models. Here, we used induced pluripotent stem cells to develop a new in vitro model of WNV-infected equine brain cells suitable for microplate assay, and assessed the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of forty-one chemical compounds...
March 16, 2024: Veterinary Research
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bianca M Nastri, Annalisa Chianese, Rosa Giugliano, Laura Di Clemente, Carla Capasso, Alessandra Monti, Nunzianna Doti, Valentina Iovane, Serena Montagnaro, Ugo Pagnini, Giuseppe Iovane, Carla Zannella, Anna De Filippis, Massimiliano Galdiero
In recent decades, the global rise of viral emerging infectious diseases has posed a substantial threat to both human and animal health worldwide. The rapid spread and accumulation of mutations into viruses, and the limited availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines, stress the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from natural sources present a promising avenue due to their specificity and effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. The present study focuses on investigating the antiviral potential of oreochromicin-1 (oreoch-1), a fish-derived AMP obtained from Nile tilapia, against a wide panel of animal viruses including canine distemper virus (CDV), Schmallenberg virus (SBV), caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Peptide Science
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariken M de Wit, Afonso Dimas Martins, Clara Delecroix, Hans Heesterbeek, Quirine A Ten Bosch
Mathematical models within the Ross-Macdonald framework increasingly play a role in our understanding of vector-borne disease dynamics and as tools for assessing scenarios to respond to emerging threats. These threats are typically characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, introducing a range of possible complexities in models and challenges to maintain the link with empirical evidence. We systematically identified and analysed a total of 77 published papers presenting compartmental West Nile virus (WNV) models that use parameter values derived from empirical studies...
March 13, 2024: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
#31
Eunice E Lee, Maria Mejia, Loderick A Matthews, Francesca Lee, Kishan M Shah, John W Schoggins, Travis W Vandergriff, Kim B Yancey, Cristina Thomas, Richard C Wang
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: JAAD Case Reports
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen J OBrien
The discovery of the 32-bp deletion allele of the chemokine receptor gene CCR5 showed that homozygous carriers display near-complete resistance to HIV infection, irrespective of exposure. Algorithms of molecular evolutionary theory suggested that the CCR5- ∆ 32 mutation occurred but once in the last millennium and rose by strong selective pressure relatively recently to a ~10% allele frequency in Europeans. Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that CCR5- ∆ 32 was selected due to its protective influence to resist Yersinia pestis, the agent of the Black Death/bubonic plague of the 14th century...
March 19, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#33
Ivanna Joseph, Diamler Vadlamuri, Ivia E Rivera Agosto, Mehdi Ghasemi
Here we report a rare case with concurrent longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and leptomeningitis due to West Nile virus infection. A 47-year-old man initially presented with a six-day progressive, intermittent low-grade fever, headache, diplopia, malaise, myalgia, lower back pain, and difficulty walking that developed into progressive asymmetric paralysis. Initial lab work was notable for mild lactic acidosis and hyperCKemia. Brain MRI with contrast demonstrated small foci of leptomeningeal enhancement in the cerebellum, pons, medulla, and right CN VI at the cisternal segment...
February 2024: Curēus
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teresia M Njoroge, May R Berenbaum, Christopher M Stone, Chang-Hyun Kim, Christopher Dunlap, Ephantus J Muturi
Container aquatic habitats host a community of aquatic insects, primarily mosquito larvae that browse on container surface microbial biofilm and filter-feed on microorganisms in the water column. We examined how the bacterial communities in these habitats respond to feeding by larvae of two container-dwelling mosquito species, Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans . We also investigated how the microbiota of these larvae is impacted by intra- and interspecific interactions. Microbial diversity and richness were significantly higher in water samples when mosquito larvae were present, and in Cx...
2024: FEMS Microbes
#35
REVIEW
Moncef Khairallah, Nesrine Abroug, Derrick Smit, Soon-Phaik Chee, Wijden Nabi, Steven Yeh, Justine R Smith, Imen Ksiaa, Emmett Cunningham
PURPOSE: To provide an overview of pre-selected emerging arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) that cause ocular inflammation in humans. METHODS: A comprehensive review of the literature published between 1997 and 2023 was conducted in PubMed database. We describe current insights into epidemiology, systemic and ocular manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of arboviral diseases including West Nile fever, Dengue fever, Chikungunya, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and Yellow fever...
March 5, 2024: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanna D Kiryluk, Charles B Beard, Karen M Holcomb
Vector-borne disease incidence and burden are on the rise. Weather events and climate patterns are known to influence vector populations and disease distribution and incidence. Changes in weather trends and climatic factors can shift seasonal vector activity and host behavior, thus altering pathogen distribution and introducing diseases to new geographic regions. With the upward trend in global temperature, changes in the incidence and distribution of disease vectors possibly linked to climate change have been documented...
March 3, 2024: Journal of Medical Entomology
#37
REVIEW
Roberto Scarpioni, Teresa Valsania, Sara De Amicis, Chiara Rocca, Valentina Blanco, Maria Varì, Michela Frittoli, Vittorio Albertazzi, Marco Ricardi, Luigi Melfa
The West Nile Virus (WNV), an RNA arbovirus, has been transmitted by wild birds and conveyed by ticks and mosquitoes, with wide diffusion all over the world; it is not transmitted from human to human. It can give clinical symptoms only in a minority of infected subjects such as fever, headache, muscle tiredness, visual disturbances, drowsiness, convulsions and muscle paralysis; in the most serious cases even potentially fatal encephalitis. In the literature there are few reports on WNV infection in patients with kidney diseases: here we report our experience on two patients on peritoneal dialysis infected by WNV with a revision of the literature...
February 28, 2024: Giornale Italiano di Nefrologia: Organo Ufficiale Della Società Italiana di Nefrologia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rody Blom, Louie Krol, Melissa Langezaal, Maarten Schrama, Krijn B Trimbos, Daan Wassenaar, Constantianus J M Koenraadt
BACKGROUND: Culex pipiens sensu stricto (s.s.) is considered the primary vector of Usutu virus and West Nile virus, and consists of two morphologically identical but behaviourally distinct biotypes (Cx. pipiens biotype pipiens and Cx. pipiens biotype molestus) and their hybrids. Both biotypes are expected to differ in their feeding behaviour, and pipiens/molestus hybrids are presumed to display intermediate feeding behaviour. However, the evidence for distinct feeding patterns is scarce, and to date no studies have related differences in feeding patterns to differences in host abundance...
February 29, 2024: Parasites & Vectors
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin A Rucci, Diego L Arias-Builes, Andrés M Visintin, Adrián Diaz
St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are arboviruses transmitted by Culex mosquitoes and amplified in avian hosts. The present study aimed to investigate the presence and seasonal circulation of SLEV and WNV in La Rioja province, within the semiarid ecoregion of the Monte, Argentina. Over a two-year period, avian sera were collected and tested for neutralizing antibodies against SLEV and WNV. Our results reveal the enzootic activity of both viruses in this challenging environment. SLEV seroprevalence was 4...
February 29, 2024: Scientific Reports
#40
REVIEW
Théo Maire, Louis Lambrechts, Felix J H Hol
Parasites can manipulate host behavior to enhance transmission, but our understanding of arbovirus-induced changes in mosquito behavior is limited. Here, we explore current knowledge on such behavioral alterations in mosquito vectors, focusing on host-seeking and blood-feeding behaviors. Reviewing studies on dengue, Zika, La Crosse, Sindbis, and West Nile viruses in Aedes or Culex mosquitoes reveals subtle yet potentially significant effects. However, assay heterogeneity and limited sample sizes challenge definitive conclusions...
February 28, 2024: Trends in Parasitology
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