prostate pathology

A man in his mid-40s presented to the colorectal surgery clinic with complaints of chronic perianal pain for over 20 years. He had episodes of urinary incontinence associated with pain. There were no other symptoms to suspect bowel pathology. On examination, he was found to have a tender mass in the retro-rectal plane without any evidence of rectal mucosal irregularity. He underwent an MRI of the pelvis, which showed a well-defined T2 hyperintense partly cystic lesion in the presacral region abutting the mesorectal fascia and a normal prostate gland...

PURPOSE: Accurate prediction of extraprostatic extension (EPE) is crucial for decision-making in radical prostatectomy (RP), especially in nerve-sparing strategies. Martini et al. introduced a three-tier algorithm for predicting contralateral EPE in unilateral high-risk prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of the study is to externally validate this model in a multicentric European cohort of patients. METHODS: The data from 208 unilateral high-risk PCa patients diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted and systematic biopsies, treated with RP between January 2016 and November 2021 at eight referral centers were collected...

PURPOSE: Although targeted biopsies (TBx) are associated with improved disease assessment, concerns have been raised regarding the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) overgrading due to more accurate biopsy core deployment in the index lesion. METHODS: We identified 1672 patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) with a positive mpMRI and ISUP ≥ 2 PCa detected via systematic biopsy (SBx) plus TBx. We compared downgrading rates at RP (ISUP 4-5, 3, and 2 at biopsy, to a lower ISUP) for PCa detected via SBx only (group 1), via TBx only (group 2), and eventually for PCa detected with the same ISUP 2-5 at both SBx and TBx (group 3), using multivariable logistic regression models (MVA)...

INTRODUCTION: The study presents the initial outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomies (RARPs) using the Versius robotic system in a urological centre with no prior robotic surgery experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 58 RARPs was conducted, including patients' parameters as well as Versius system performance. RESULTS: The study involved 58 patients (average age 66.9 years). Median preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 9...

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide. Its rising incidence and high overtreatment rate drive the search for new prognostic factors. Histopathological variants, such as cribriform pattern (CP), are associated with poorer oncologic outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between CP in prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) and postoperative pathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective, single-centre study we analysed the reviewed medical records of 100 men who underwent minimally invasive RP in the years 2017-2019...

Objective: To investigate the genetic and expression characteristics of transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) in pre-initiationcomplex in prostate cancer (PCa) and its relationship with prostate cancer progression. Methods: Analyzing the expression characteristics and clinical signification of TFIIH subunits about 495 cases of PCa and 52 cases of adjacent cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas-Prostate adenocarcinoma (TCGA-PRAD) database. PCa microarray chip was used to verify the correlation between the key factor General Transcription Factor IIH Subunit 4 (GTF2H4) in TFIIH and clinical features...

Objective: To investigate the value of transanal multipoint full-layer puncture biopsy (TMFP) in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and to establish a predictive model for providing clinical guidance regarding the treatment of LARC. Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, cohort study, we collected data on 110 LARC patients from four hospitals between April 2020 and March 2023: Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University (50 patients), Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University (41 patients), Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (16 patients), and Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (three patients)...

BACKGROUND: The metastasis and aggressive nature of prostate cancer (PCa) has become a major malignancy related threat that concerns men's health. The efficacy of immune monotherapy against PCa is questionable due to its lymphocyte-suppressive nature. METHOD: Endoplasmic reticulum stress- (ERS-) and PCa-prognosis-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database and the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The expression, prognosis and immune infiltration values of key genes were explored by "survival R package", "rms", "xCELL algorithm", and univariate-multivariate Cox and LASSO regression analyses...

BACKGROUND: The CheckMate274 trial has reported enhanced disease-free survival rates in patients with stage pT3-4/ypT2-4 or pN+ urothelial carcinoma (UC) undergoing adjuvant nivolumab therapy. This study compares prognostic differences between urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 719 patients with UC who underwent radical surgery, stratifying to patients at stage pT3-4 and/or pN+ without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or at ypT2-4 and/or ypN+ with NAC (potential candidates for adjuvant immunotherapy), and to those who were not candidates for adjuvant immunotherapy...

With the rise of precision medicine, the continuous expansionWith the rise of precision medicine, the continuous expansion the collective push from many other the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in prostate cancer diagnosis is increasingly becoming a focal point. AI technology can effectively utilize diverse detection methods such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and whole pathology slide imaging to efficiently identify and differentiate between benign and malignant lesions...

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnostic yield of prostate biopsy, which we can achieve by puncture more sites and number of cores, another way to obtain more tissue is to take longer tissue strips. In this study, we evaluated the effect of strip length on cancer diagnosis by needle biopsy and derived a cutoff value of strip length to improve cancer detection. METHODS: The pathological reports of 754 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy were retrospectively analyzed...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of oxalis decoction on CNP rats by regulating cGAS-STING signaling pathway. METHODS: Thirty specific pathogen-free SD male rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), model control group (MC), and oxalis decoction group (OD),with 10 rats in each group.The left and right anterior abdominal lobes of each group were surgically exposed.The normal control group was injected by the same volume of normal saline...

Objective： To explore the mechanism of Miao ethnicity medicine formula of Oxalis corniculata against chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. Methods: The rat model of chronic abacterial prostatitis was induced by stimulation with 2% sterile carrageenan solution. After modeling, the rats were randomly divided into two groups, Model control group (Model group) and oxalis group. Another normal control group was set up. The rats in the Model group and the normal control group were given 0.01ml/g normal saline by gavage, and the rats in the oxalis alis group were given 1ml/100g (1 g/kg) of Oxalis corniculata L warm water decoction by gavage once a day for 28 days...

The lungs are a key organ in the respiratory system. They are regulated by a complex network of nerves that control their development, structure, function, and response to various pathological stimuli. Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of a neural mechanism in different pathophysiological conditions in the lungs and the development and progression of common respiratory diseases. Lung diseases are the chief source of death globally. For instance, lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy, after prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women, and is the most lethal cancer worldwide...

In men aged 40-83 years, the overall incidence of urinary retention is 4.5-6.8 cases per 1000 men per year. The incidence increases significantly with age, so that a man in his 70 s has a 10% chance and a man in his 80 s has a more than 30% chance of experiencing an episode of acute urinary retention [1]. The goal of diagnosis is to quickly reach a finding through clinical examination and ultrasound to be able to relieve the bladder. The first maneuver is catheterization, followed by, if necessary, initiation of pharmacological therapy that targets the underlying cause...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel humanized anti-HER2 antibody, RC48-ADC (Disitamab vedotin, DV), the combination of RC48-ADC with PD-1 inhibitors was used to treat muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This combination therapy has potential applications in both bladder preservation and neoadjuvant therapy for MIBC. METHODS: Patients with MIBC underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors followed by RC48-ADC alone or in combination with PD-1 inhibitors...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Patient-centred (PC) and holistic care improves patient satisfaction and health outcomes. We sought to investigate the benefit of utilising a PC pathology report in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa). Our study aimed to evaluate and compare patient understanding of their PCa diagnosis after RP, upon receiving either a standard histopathology report or a personalised and PC report (PCR). Moreover, we evaluated knowledge retention at 4 weeks after the initial consultation...

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a serine protease upregulated at sites of tissue remodeling and cancer that represents a promising therapeutic and molecular imaging target. In prostate cancer, studies of FAP expression using tissue microarrays are conflicting, such that its clinical potential is unclear. Furthermore, little is known regarding FAP expression in benign prostatic tissues. Here we demonstrated, using a novel iterative multiplex IHC assay in standard tissue sections, that FAP was nearly absent in normal regions, but was increased consistently in regions of proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA)...

BACKGROUND: Pathogenic germline variants in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Since 2010 we have recommended MMR carriers annual PSA testing from the age of 40. Prospective studies of the outcome of long-term PSA screening are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of PCa in Norwegian MMR carriers attending annual PSA screening (PSA threshold >3.0 ng/mL) to evaluate whether our recommendations should be continued...

INTRODUCTION: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare yet highly malignant tumor associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to delineate the clinical features, survival patterns, and treatment modalities of ACC, providing insights into the disease's prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 157 ACC patients was performed to assess treatment methodologies, demographic patterns, pathological and clinical attributes, and laboratory results...