Nahum

PURPOSE: Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), usually identified in susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), are a promising prognostic biomarker of disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, SWI is not routinely performed in clinical practice. The objective of this study is to define a novel imaging sign, the T1-dark rim, identifiable in a standard 3DT1 gradient-echo inversion-recovery sequence, such as 3D T1 turbo field echo (3DT1FE) and explore its performance as a SWI surrogate to define PRLs...

This study explores cutting-edge and sustainable green methodologies and technologies for the synthesis of functional nanomaterials, with a specific focus on the removal of water contaminants and the application of kinetic adsorption models. Our research adopts a conscientious approach to environmental stewardship by synergistically employing eco-friendly silver nanoparticles, synthesized using Justicia spicigera extract as a biogenic reducing agent, in conjunction with Mexican zeolite to enhance contaminant remediation, particularly targeting Cu2+ ions...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: To raise awareness of conditions that can tomographically mimic corneal ectasia and describe the actions required to avoid misdiagnosis. METHODS: We report a retrospective case series of seven patients presenting at two tertiary care centers in Israel with a presumed diagnosis of keratoconus or post-refractive ectasia. Upon further examination, the ectasia diagnosis was reconsidered and eventually ruled out. RESULTS: Included were ten eyes of seven patients...

To build a coherent knowledge base about what psychological intervention strategies work, develop interventions that have positive societal impact, and maintain and increase this impact over time, it is necessary to replace the classical treatment package research paradigm. The multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) is an alternative paradigm that integrates ideas from behavioral science, engineering, implementation science, economics, and decision science. MOST enables optimization of interventions to strategically balance effectiveness, affordability, scalability, and efficiency...

Dental disease continues to be one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the United States. Although oral self-care behaviors (OSCB), involving systematic twice-a-day tooth brushing, can prevent dental disease, this basic behavior is not sufficiently practiced. Recent advances in digital technology offer tremendous potential for promoting OSCB by delivering Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs)- interventions that leverage dynamic information about the person's state and context to effectively prompt them to engage in a desired behavior in real-time, real-world settings...

Liver diseases cause a significant burden on public health worldwide. In spite of great advances during recent years, there are still many challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. During recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognostic prediction of various diseases based on clinical datasets and medical images. Accumulative studies have shown its performance for diagnosing patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis and assessing their severity, and for predicting treatment response and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma, outcomes of liver transplantation recipients, and risk of drug-induced liver injury...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD/MASLD), is a common chronic liver condition affecting a substantial global population. Beyond its primary impact on liver function, MAFLD/MASLD is associated with a myriad of extrahepatic manifestations, including cognitive impairment. The scope of cognitive impairment within the realm of MAFLD/MASLD is a matter of escalating concern. Positioned as an intermediate stage between the normal aging process and the onset of dementia, cognitive impairment manifests as a substantial challenge associated with this liver condition...

This study investigated the application of adsorption with activated carbons (ACs) and photodegradation to reduce the concentration of triclosan (TCS) in aqueous solutions. Concerning adsorption, ACs (Darco, Norit, and F400) were characterised and batch experiments were performed to elucidate the effect of pH on equilibrium. The results showed that at pH = 7, the maximum adsorption capacity of TCS onto the ACs was 18.5 mg g-1 for Darco, 16.0 mg g-1 for Norit, and 15...

Titanium-zirconium dioxide nanostructures loaded by hydroxyapatite were produced on the surface of Ti65Zr alloy. The alloy was treated by anodization with the subsequent immersion in calcium glycerophosphate (CG) solutions. The resulting surfaces present TiO2 -ZrO2 nanotubular (TiZr-NT) structures enriched with hydroxyapatite (HAP). The nanotube texture is expected to enhance the surface's corrosion resistance and promote integration with bone tissue in dental implants. The TiZr-NT structure had a diameter of 73 ± 2...

In ruminants, diet composition has a positive correlation with heat production, which can influence thermoregulation, energy expenditure and, consequently, animal performance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of climatic conditions and supplementation based on palm kernel cake, on the thermoregulation of crossbred buffaloes in the eastern Amazon. The research was carried out at Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (01°26' S and 48°24' W), Belém, Pará, and lasted 12 months (representing the entire year)...

Stem cell therapy offers a promising avenue for advanced liver disease cases as an alternative to liver transplantation. Clinical studies are underway to explore the potential of stem cells from various sources in treating different liver diseases. However, due to the variability among current studies, further validation is needed to ensure the safety and effectiveness of stem cell therapy. To establish a strong foundation for optimal stem cell therapy applications, selection of suitable stem cell sources, standardization of transplantation protocols, and patient criteria are vital...

The integrated stress response (ISR) is critical for cell survival under stress. In response to diverse environmental cues, eIF2α becomes phosphorylated, engendering a dramatic change in mRNA translation. The activation of ISR plays a pivotal role in the early embryogenesis, but the eIF2-dependent translational landscape in pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is largely unexplored. We employ a multi-omics approach consisting of ribosome profiling, proteomics, and metabolomics in wild-type (eIF2α+/+ ) and phosphorylation-deficient mutant eIF2α (eIF2αA/A ) mouse ESCs (mESCs) to investigate phosphorylated (p)-eIF2α-dependent translational control of naive pluripotency...

BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVES: To determine optimal window settings for conspicuity of abdominal inflammatory processes on 50 keV low-monoenergetic images derived from dual-energy spectral CT (DECT). METHODS: A retrospective study of 30 patients with clinically proven pancreatitis (15/30) or pyelonephritis (15/30) with inflammatory lesions visible on DECT scans were selected to serve as reference populations. 50 keV low-monoenergetic images in the portal venous phase were iteratively evaluated by 6 abdominal radiologists in twenty-one different windows (7-350HU center; 120-580HU width), selected using a simplex optimization algorithm...

BACKGROUND: The classification and nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been the subject of ongoing debate in the medical community. Through the introduction of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and the later release of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the limitations associated with NAFLD are intended to be addressed. Both terminologies incorporate the metabolic component of the disease by providing diagnostic criteria that relies on the presence of underlying metabolic risk factors...

Motivation in general, and social motivation in particular are important for interpersonal functioning in individuals with schizophrenia. Still, their roles after accounting for social cognition, are not well understood. The sample consisted of 147 patients with schizophrenia. General motivation was measured using the Behavioral inhibition/activation scale (BIS/BAS). Social motivation was measured by Passive social withdrawal and Active social avoidance items from PANSS. Interpersonal functioning was evaluated with Birchwood's Social Functioning Scale (SFS)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Findings regarding the mechanism underlying the impact of supervisor incivility on subordinate alcohol misuse remain equivocal. Specifically, some studies indicate that stress mediates the impact of supervisor incivility on subordinate alcohol misuse, while others, find no evidence for such an effect, suggesting the need to investigate other mechanisms. Extending Conservation of Resource (COR) theory and employing a longitudinal study design, this study examines two alternative mechanisms grounded on social isolation...

BACKGROUND: The prevention of oral health diseases is a key public health issue and a major challenge for racial and ethnic minority groups, who often face barriers in accessing dental care. Daily toothbrushing is an important self-care behavior necessary for sustaining good oral health, yet engagement in regular brushing remains a challenge. Identifying strategies to promote engagement in regular oral self-care behaviors among populations at risk of poor oral health is critical. OBJECTIVE: The formative research described here focused on creating messages for a digital oral self-care intervention targeting a racially and ethnically diverse population...

Parturition is the final and essential step for mammalian reproduction. While the uterus is quiescent during pregnancy, fundamental changes arise in the myometrial contractility, inducing fetal expulsion. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is fundamental for these events. The gelatinases subgroup of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP2 and MMP9, participate in uterine ECM remodeling throughout pregnancy and parturition. However, their loss-of-function effect is unknown. Here, we determined the result of eliminating Mmp2 and/or Mmp9 on parturition in vivo, using single- and double-knockout (dKO) mice...