cancer cell migration

Encouraging results are emerging from systems that exploit Toll like receptor (TLR) signaling, nanotechnology, checkpoint inhibition and molecular imaging for cancer immunotherapy. A major remaining challenge is developing effective, durable and tumour-specific immune responses without systemic toxicity. Here, we report a simple and versatile system based on synergistic activation of immune responses and direct cancer cell killing by combined TLR ligation using polyIC as TLR3 and imiquimod (R837) as TLR7 agonist, in combination with the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and phospholipid micelles loaded with zinc-doped iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)...

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the mammalian sirtuin family and plays an important role in deacetylating histones and non-histones. SIRT1 is associated with tumor metastasis in several tumors. However, the effect of SIRT1 on the mechanism of metastasis in resistant esophageal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that increased migration and invasion in drug-resistant esophageal cancer cells (EC109/PTX, TE-1/PTX). Our experiments revealed that the selective SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527) significantly suppressed cells migrate and inhibited the occurrence of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby altering the invasiveness and metastatic potential of the esophageal cancer cell lines...

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a protein kinase that is known as a specific cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in colorectal cancer (CRC). Deregulation of DCLK1 expression has been reported in various cancers. We measured the protein expression of DCLK1 in 38 CRC and normal colon samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HCT-116 and SW-48 cells were transfected with DCLK1 siRNA and analyzed for expression of DCLK1 and miR-200c. The effects of DCLK1 knockdown on cell migration, invasion, sphere-forming, and apoptosis were explored...

Hispidulin, a phenolic flavonoid, exerts potent cytotoxicity towards a variety of human cancers. However, the effects of hispidulin on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and underlying molecular mechanisms of its action remain elusive. The present study investigated the effect of hispidulin on HCC in experimental models, including tumor cell lines and mouse tumor xenograft. Results demonstrated that hispidulin was cytotoxic and anti-proliferative to HCC cell lines (SMMC7721 and Bel7402). Hispidulin activated caspase-3 and triggered apoptosis in HCC cells...

AIMS: microRNA-96 (miR-96) is considered as a tumor suppressor in multiple malignancies. Some studies have indicated that EZRIN could be regulated by the miR-96 in several kinds of cancer cells. However, the function of miR-96 in human osteosarcoma has not been investigated intensively so far. In this study, we mainly explored the relationship between miR-96 and the expression of EZRIN in human osteosarcoma cells. MAIN METHODS: The levels of miR-96 and EZRIN in osteosarcoma tissues and paracancerous tissues of patients were evaluated with qPCR...

Aristolochic acid I (AAI) is a phytocompound that is linked to the progressive renal disease and development of human urothelial carcinoma. The bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP) gene exhibits a tumor suppressor function in various tumors, including bladder carcinoma. This study evaluated the effect of AAI on BLCAP expression and its associated mechanism in human cells. Administering AAI to human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2) and urinary bladder cancer cells (HT-1376) significantly reduced the expression of BLCAP mRNA and protein...

BACKGROUND: Despite positive results obtained from anticancer activities of curcumin, there are some obstacles that limit its use as an anticancer agent. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: Different methods such as employing the dendrosomal curcumin (DNC) were examined to overcome such problems. There is increasing evidence representing long non-coding RNAs play important roles in biological processes. In this study, we focused on the roles of GAS5 in the anti-cancer effects of DNC on breast cancer...

The incidence and mortality rate of bladder cancer have dramatically expanded, so it's urgent to discover new biomarker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer. Recently, lncRNA has been identified as oncogene or tumor suppressor to regulate the tumorigenesis. LncRNA ZFAS1 has been confirmed as oncogene in various tumors. However, the expression, function, and underlying mechanism of ZFAS1 in bladder carcinogenesis have yet to be totally clarified. In the current study, our data demonstrated that ZFAS1 expression was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines...

Over the past decades, lncRNAs have attracted more and more attentions of researchers. It has been verified that lncRNAs can modulate multiple biological behaviors in various human cancers. LncRNA ASAP1-IT1 has been certified to be a tumor facilitator in several malignant tumors. This study aims to investigate the effects of dysregulated ASAP1-IT1 on biological processes of Cholangiocarcinoma. The high expression level of ASAP1-IT1 was tested in Cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cells with qRT-PCR. Upregulation of ASAP1-IT predicted the unfavorable prognosis for Cholangiocarcinoma patients...

Endothelial cell-specific molecule 2 (ECSM2) is a transmembrane protein located in cell-cell junction of endothelial cells (EC). ECSM2 was determined to play an important role in vascular development, EC migration, apoptosis and proliferation, however, no functional domains were determined in intracellular and extracellular region of ECSM2. In current work, functional domains of ECSM2, the relationship of ECSM2 with other endothelial specific protein such as VE-cadherin and the role of ECSM2 in neovascular diseases were determined...

Accumulating evidence suggests that the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs is closely related to the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer (GC), which is a type of prevalent tumor with a high incidence and mortality rate. However, it is still a challenge to find reliable biomarkers and to understand their molecular mechanisms in GC. In this study, we first confirmed that LINC00941was up-regulated in GC tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues by RT-PCR, and found that the expression level of LINC00941 was correlated with invasion depth, lymphatic metastasis, and the TNM stage of patients with GC...

Radiotherapy is a well-established therapeutic modality used in the treatment of many cancers. However, radioresistance remains a serious obstacle to successful treatment. Radioresistance can cause local recurrence and distant metastases in some patients after radiation treatment. Thus, many studies have attempted to identify effective radiosensitizers. Eph receptor functions contribute to tumor development, modulating cell-cell adhesion, invasion, neo-angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role of EphA3 in radioresistance remains unclear...

INTRODUCTION: CD10 is a cell membrane-bound endopeptidase which is expressed in normal small bowel but not in normal colon. It is aberrantly expressed in a small proportion of colorectal cancers (CRC) and this has been associated with liver metastasis and poor prognosis. We sought to investigate the mechanism of CD10 activity and its association with clinicopathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CD10 was stably knocked down by lentiviral shRNA transduction in the CRC cell lines SW480 and SW620 which are derived from a primary tumour and its corresponding metastasis respectively...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of HIF1α gene in prostate cancer cell line DU145 by knocking it out with a novel gene-editing tool CRISPR/cas9 system. METHODS: A CRISPR/cas9 system with two sgRNAs targeting exon 1 of the HIF1α gene was constructed for the knock out experiment. CCK8 assay and transwell experiment were carried out to assess the effect of the knock out on the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of DU145 cells. RESULTS: The efficiency of gene-targeting was measured through a T7E1 assaying and sequence analysis, which confirmed that the partial knock out was successful and has led to a significant decrease in the expression of HIF1α and inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness...

Adipocytes are one of the major stromal cell components of the human breast. These cells play a key role in the development of the gland and are implicated in breast tumorigenesis. Frequently, directional stromal collagen I fibres are found surrounding aggressive breast tumours. These fibres enhance breast cancer cell migration and are associated with poor patient prognosis. We sought to recapitulate these stromal components in vitro to provide a 3D model comprising human adipose tissue and anisotropic collagen fibres...

Plants from the Bursera genus are widely distributed in the tropical dry forests of Mexico. In traditional medicine, extracts from different species of Bursera have been used for a wide range of biological activities, including the treatment of cancer-related symptoms. Compounds present in the Bursera genus include lignans, flavonoids, steroids, short-chain aliphatic alkanes, acetates, alcohols, ketones, and terpenoids. In some instances, secondary metabolites of these classes of compounds may induce cytotoxicity, and therefore we sought to investigate the effects of B...

BACKGROUND: The squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (TSCC) is the most frequent cancer of oral cavity often characterized by poor prognosis. Conventional therapies are not very efficient and often may cause serious side effects. In this contest, introduction of natural substances as possible adjuvant in the treatment and prevention of cancer is becoming a relevant topic. In fact, curcumin has been used for decades in Chinese traditional medicine for its beneficial effects. Curcumin has anti-cancer properties in many tumors however, its action on the tongue carcinoma is not entirely clear and many other investigations are necessary...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most devastating brain tumors with median survival of one year and presents unique challenges to therapy because of its aggressive behavior. Current treatment strategy involves surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy even though optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach and knowledge of potential complications from both the disease and its treatment. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main bioactive component of Nigella sativa L., has exhibited anticancer effects in numerous preclinical studies...

Background: Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is implicated in oncogenesis of hematological and solid cancers. PRL-3 expression increases metastatic potential, invasiveness and is associated with poor prognosis. With this study, we aimed to show a possible oncogenic role of PRL-3 in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Methods: PRL-3 expression was measured in 25 cHL patients by immunohistochemistry and gene expression was analyzed from microdissected malignant cells...

Liver metastases remain a major cause of death from gastrointestinal tract cancers as well as from other malignancies such as breast and lung carcinomas and melanoma. Understanding the underlying biology is essential for the design of effective targeted therapies. We previously reported that collagen IV α1/α2 overexpression in non-metastatic lung carcinoma (M27colIV ) cells increased their metastatic ability, specifically to the liver and documented high collagen IV levels in surgical resections of liver metastases from diverse tumor types...