cancer cell migration

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with rapid disease progression, requiring further elucidation of its underlying molecular mechanisms and novel biomarkers for early detection. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that are released by multiple cell types acting as message carriers during intercellular communication and are promising biomarker candidates. However, the role of pancreatic cancer cell-derived exosomes in cancer progression and the application of these vesicles as novel diagnostic biomarkers are still not fully studied...

LIM kinases modulate multiple aspects of cancer development, including cell proliferation and survival. As the mechanisms of LIMK-associated tumorigenesis are still unclear, we analyzed the tumorigenic functions of LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) in human bladder cancer (BC) and explored whether the newly identified LIMK2 3'-UTR SNP rs2073859 (G-to-A allele) is correlated with clinical features. Expression levels of LIMK2 in 38 human BC tissues and 8 cell lines were examined using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry...

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are widely expressed transmembrane proteins that act as receptors for growth factors and other extracellular signalling molecules. Upon ligand binding, RTKs activate intracellular signalling cascades, and as such are involved in a broad variety of cellular functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and survival under physiological as well as pathological conditions. Aberrant RTK activation can lead to benign proliferative conditions as well as to various forms of cancer...

Glycosylation of cell surface proteins regulates critical cellular functions, including invasion and metastasis in cancer cells. Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating both the glycosylation modifications on cell surface and the progression of cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-9 in α-2,6-linked sialylation and the metastasis of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to array-based miRNA expression profiling data of HCC cell lines Hepa1-6, Hca-P, and Hca-F with different lymphatic metastatic capacities, reverse correlation was found between miR-9 expression levels and the metastatic potential in these HCC cells...

The natural alkaloid berberine has several pharmacological properties and recently received attention as a potential anticancer agent. In this work, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor effect of berberine on glioblastoma U343 and pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were used as non-cancer cells. We show that berberine differentially affects cell viability, displaying a higher cytotoxicity on the two cancer cell lines than on HDF. Berberine also affects cell cycle progression, senescence, caspase-3 activity, autophagy and migration in a cell-specific manner...

High avidity of bone metastasis is an important characteristic in prostate cancer (PCa). Downexpression of miR-133b has been reported to be implicated in the development, progression and recurrence in PCa. However, clinical significance and biological roles of miR-133b in bone metastasis of PCa remain unclear. Here we report that miR-133b is downregulated in PCa tissues and further decreased in bone metastatic PCa tissues. Downexpression of miR-133b positively correlates with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and shorter bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients...

A series of thirty one melampomagnolide B-triazole conjugates was synthesized via Copper(I) oxide nanoparticles catalyzed click chemistry. These conjugates were evaluated for their anti-cancer activities against a panel of five human cancer cell lines. The most active compound 6e showed high activity against HCT116 cell line with IC50 value of 0.43 μM, which demonstrated 11.5-fold improvement compared to that of the parent compound melampomagnolide B (IC50  = 4.93 μM). Compound 6e showed significant efficacy of inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation and migration of HCT116 cells...

EGFR T790 M accounts for 50% to 60% of cases of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) resistance to the first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Hence, identifying novel compounds with activity against TKIs resistant is of great value. In this study, twenty honokiol and magnolol derivatives were isolated from the EtOH extract of Magnolia officinalis and the antiproliferative activity was evaluated on HCC827 (19del EGFR mutation), H1975 (L858 R/T790 M EGFR mutation), and H460 (KRAS mutation) cell lines...

Tubulin inhibitors that target the colchicine binding site continue to emerge as promising anticancer agents. In this study, based on the anti-proliferative activities, a novel tubulin inhibitor 7a3 targeting the colchicine binding site was designed, synthesized, and optimized from a series of novel cis-restricted pyrazole analogues of combretastatin A-4. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) of these newly synthesized compounds are summarized indicating that the methyl substituent at the N1 position and deamination were significantly important for the anti-proliferative efficacy...

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with the third mortality rate of cancer in world. A larger number of researches showed that genetic factors played an important role in the development of gastric cancer. More and more evidences have indicated that lncRNAs can regulate the gene expression through the transcription, post transcription and epigenetic levels including cancer invasion and metastasis, cell differentiation and apoptosis. However, the mechanisms of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remaining unclear...

Emerging evidence has supported that TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif), one transcription co-activator in Hippo signaling pathway, plays an oncogenic role in liver carcinogenesis. Targeting TAZ could be a potential therapeutic approach for liver cancer patients. In the current study, we aim to determine whether diosgenin could be an inhibitor of TAZ in liver cancer cells. We found that diosgenin inhibited the expression of TAZ in liver cancer cells. Moreover, we found that diosgenin inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, suppressed cell migration and invasion in part via inhibition of TAZ in liver cancer cells...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression of micro-RNA 143 (miRNA-143) in the patients with pancreatic cancer and to explore the influence of overexpression of miRNA-143 on pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with pancreatic cancer that received treatment in their hospital were included in this study. Pancreatic cancer tissues of the patients were surgically removed, and cancer-adjacent tissues were taken for control. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of miRNA-143 and its target gene Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) in pancreatic cancer tissues and cancer-adjacent tissues...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor progression by inducing cell dissemination from the primary tumor and metastasis. TGFβ signaling is involved in breast cancer progression and is specifically elevated during metastatic transformation in aggressive breast cancer. In this study, we performed genome-wide correlation analysis of TGFBR2 expression in a panel of 51 breast cancer cell lines and identified that MET is co-regulated with TGFBR2...

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are recruited by cancer cells from the adjacent tissue, and they become an integral part of the tumor microenvironment. Here, we report that ADSCs from the long-living, tumor-resistant blind mole rat, Spalax, have a low ability to migrate towards cancer cells compared with cells from its Rattus counterpart. Tracking 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine EdU-labeled ADSCs, introduced to tumor-bearing nude mice, toward the xenografts, we found that rat ADSCs intensively migrated and penetrated the tumors, whereas only a few Spalax ADSCs reached the tumors...

C-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor 6 (CCR6) and its exclusive binding molecule CCL20 is an extremely important chemokine receptor-ligand pair which controls cell migration and immune induction during inflammatory disease. Not many scientific studies have been undertaken to study its immune mechanisms in detail, but its unique contribution to steady state cell chemotaxis in upholding immune tolerance and regulating immune homeostasis during inflammation is evident in multiple systems in the human body, including skin, liver, lung, kidney, brain, eye, joints, gonads and the gut...

Based on miR-874 expression levels in the GSE47841 microarray, we hypothesized that the mature products of miR-874, miR-874-3p, or miR-874-5p, would inhibit epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. We first examined miR-874-3p and miR-874-5p expression levels in primary EOC tumor tissue samples and found that they were significantly decreased. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation and transwell assays revealed that miR-874-3p and miR-874-5p significantly inhibit EOC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion...

Focal adhesions (FAs) play an important role in cancer cell migration and metastasis by linking the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, allowing the cell to generate traction. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins on lysine residues that can affect protein localisation, turnover and protein-protein interactions. In this study, we demonstrate that talin, a key component of FAs, can be post-translationally modified by SUMOylation in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and U2OS osteosarcoma cells...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Many targeted ovarian cancer patients are resistant to olaparib treatment. Here we seek to understand the underlying molecular events and search for potential combinational therapeutics to surmount the intrinsic olaparib resistance in human ovarian cancer. METHODS: The cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT assay and cell viability was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Protein expressions of ERK, P38, JNK, ERK5, LC3, N-CADHERIN, α-SMA were determined by western blotting...

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of microRNA-210 (miRNA- 210) on the biological behaviors (proliferation and invasion) of EC109 cells of highly metastatic human esophageal cancer (EC). METHODS: The EC109 genomic DNA of human EC was used as a template to amplify the precursor sequence of miRNA-210 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The precursor sequence of miRNA-210 was sub-cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(-) via double digestion by BamH I and Hind III restriction enzymes...

PURPOSE: Galangin is an important flavonoid that has been reported to be of immense pharmacological importance. It has been shown to have a number of bioactivities which range from anticancer to antimicrobial. In this study the effects of Galangin were studied on the proliferation of the A498 kidney cancer cells. METHODS: The antiproliferative effects were tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis was checked by subjecting the A498 cell to DAPI and annexin V/PI double staining...