keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516022/posterior-fossa-tuberculosis-unusual-presentations-of-a-common-disease-and-literature-review
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nandita Kujur, Satheesh Chandra Sugatha Rao, Bijukrishnan Rajagopalawarrier
The burden of tuberculosis is very high in our country and though the number of deaths due to tuberculosis has drastically reduced, still the associated morbidities caused by the disease can be very debilitating.1 Central nervous system tuberculosis is a rare and serious presentation of tuberculosis, the general presentation being hydrocephalus, meningitis, and disseminated miliary lesions.2 More often than not tuberculosis is associated with immunocompromised status and central nervous system tuberculosis in immunocompetent young individuals with no evidence of systemic tuberculosis is very rare...
July 2024: World neurosurgery: X
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515507/chemical-validation-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-phosphopantetheine-adenylyltransferase-using-fragment-linking-and-crispr-interference
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamal El Bakali, Michal Blaszczyk, Joanna C Evans, Jennifer A Boland, William J McCarthy, Imam Fathoni, Marcio V B Dias, Eachan O Johnson, Anthony G Coyne, Valerie Mizrahi, Tom L Blundell, Chris Abell, Christina Spry
The coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis pathway has attracted attention as a potential target for much-needed novel antimicrobial drugs, including for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), the lethal disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ). Seeking to identify inhibitors of Mtb phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase ( Mtb PPAT), the enzyme that catalyses the penultimate step in CoA biosynthesis, we performed a fragment screen. In doing so, we discovered three series of fragments that occupy distinct regions of the Mtb PPAT active site, presenting a unique opportunity for fragment linking...
April 17, 2023: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515492/anxiety-and-depression-level-of-patients-with-multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-mdr-tb-in-two-hospitals-in-banten-province-indonesia
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tirta Darmawan Susanto, Allen Widysanto, Darien Alfa Cipta, Arron Tanara, Ghivarell Rizkie Wirawan, Adeline Bercadina Kosim, Christabella Maria Djoni, Ervinna Tantri, Chandni Kumar, Chelsie Angelius
PURPOSE: Anxiety and depression can be found in patients diagnosed with multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The purpose of this research is to measure the level of anxiety and depression in new patients with MDR-TB. METHODS: One hundred two new patients newly diagnosed with MDR TB in two hospitals in Banten province, Indonesia, are measured for depression and anxiety symptoms. The measurements used the Indonesian language version of the Zung Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale Questionnaire and the Indonesian version of Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale Questionnaire for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients that have been validated...
December 2023: Dialogues Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515075/a-systemic-infection-involved-in-lung-brain-and-spine-caused-by-scedosporium-apiospermum-species-complex-after-near-drowning-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#24
REVIEW
Peng Yan, Junfeng Chen, Haodi Wang, Qi Jia, Jungang Xie, Guoxin Mo
Scedosporium apiospermum species complex are widely distributed fungi that can be found in a variety of polluted environments, including soil, sewage, and decaying vegetation. Those opportunistic pathogens with strong potential of invasion commonly affect immunosuppressed populations However, few cases of scedosporiosis are reported in immunocompetent individuals, who might be misdiagnosed, leading to a high mortality rate. Here, we reported an immunocompetent case of systemtic infection involved in lung, brain and spine, caused by S...
March 21, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515054/mycobacterium-tuberculosis-sepsis-with-multiple-intermuscular-abscesses-and-respiratory-failure-as-the-main-manifestations-a-case-report
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yingzi Tang, Ying Zhu, Zhonglan You
BACKGROUND: Tuberculous sepsis is uncommon in individuals without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and some patients may not exhibit clinical signs and symptoms of suspected sepsis upon admission, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: This report present the case of a 60-year-old female patient who presented with erythema, edema, and pain in her right upper limb accompanied by fever and chills. Further evaluation revealed multiple intermuscular abscesses caused by suspected gram-positive bacteria...
March 21, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514736/explainable-machine-learning-for-early-predicting-treatment-failure-risk-among-patients-with-tb-diabetes-comorbidity
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
An-Zhou Peng, Xiang-Hua Kong, Song-Tao Liu, Hui-Fen Zhang, Ling-Ling Xie, Li-Juan Ma, Qiu Zhang, Yong Chen
The present study aims to assess the treatment outcome of patients with diabetes and tuberculosis (TB-DM) at an early stage using machine learning (ML) based on electronic medical records (EMRs). A total of 429 patients were included at Chongqing Public Health Medical Center. The random-forest-based Boruta algorithm was employed to select the essential variables, and four models with a fivefold cross-validation scheme were used for modeling and model evaluation. Furthermore, we adopted SHapley additive explanations to interpret results from the tree-based model...
March 21, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514663/molecular-docking-molecular-dynamics-simulations-and-binding-free-energy-studies-of-interactions-between-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-pks13-pkng-and-bioactive-constituents-of-extremophilic-bacteria
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kudakwashe Nyambo, Kudzanai Ian Tapfuma, Francis Adu-Amankwaah, Lauren Julius, Lucinda Baatjies, Idah Sithole Niang, Liezel Smith, Krishna Kuben Govender, Mkhuseli Ngxande, Daniel J Watson, Lubbe Wiesner, Vuyo Mavumengwana
Mycobacterial pathogens present a significant challenge to disease control efforts globally due to their inherent resistance to multiple antibiotics. The rise of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has prompted an urgent need for innovative therapeutic solutions. One promising way to discover new tuberculosis drugs is by utilizing natural products from the vast biochemical space. Multidisciplinary methods can used to harness the bioactivity of these natural products. This study aimed to evaluate the antimycobacterial efficacy of functional crude extracts from bacteria isolated from gold mine tailings in South Africa...
March 21, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513873/diagnosis-of-extra-pulmonary-tuberculosis-an-update-on-novel-diagnostic-approaches
#28
REVIEW
Rashi Jain, Gopika Gupta, D K Mitra, Randeep Guleria
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem worldwide. Though Pulmonary TB (PTB) is mostly discussed, one in five cases of TB present are extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) that manifests conspicuous diagnostic and management challenges with respect to the site of infection. The diagnosis of EPTB is often delayed or even missed due to insidious clinical presentation, pauci-bacillary nature of the disease, and lack of laboratory facilities in the resource limited settings. Culture, the classical gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, suffers from increased technical and logistical constraints in EPTB cases...
March 19, 2024: Respiratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511807/myelotoxicity-and-kidney-dysfunction-related-to-the-use-of-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-for-the-treatment-of-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-a-case-report-of-severe-adverse-events-with-a-common-drug
#29
Isabel Cristina Melo Mendes, Roxana Flores Mamani, David Richer Araujo Coelho, Clarisse Pimentel
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the primary therapeutic option for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). Gastrointestinal symptoms and cutaneous rash are common side effects, with hyperkalemia being uncommon in patients without kidney dysfunction, and myelotoxicity being even rarer. We present the case of a male patient with hypertension and a recent diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, undergoing rituximab treatment for two months. He was admitted to the intensive care unit due to dyspnea, tachypnea, and pleuritic pain, requiring mechanical ventilation...
2024: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511668/community-views-on-active-case-finding-for-tuberculosis-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-qualitative-evidence-synthesis
#30
REVIEW
Melissa Taylor, Nancy Medley, Susanna S van Wyk, Sandy Oliver
BACKGROUND: Active case finding (ACF) refers to the systematic identification of people with tuberculosis in communities and amongst populations who do not present to health facilities, through approaches such as door-to-door screening or contact tracing. ACF may improve access to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment for the poor and for people remote from diagnostic and treatment facilities. As a result, ACF may also reduce onward transmission. However, there is a need to understand how these programmes are experienced by communities in order to design appropriate services...
March 21, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510530/a-systematic-literature-review-of-mathematical-models-for-coinfections-tuberculosis-malaria-and-hiv-aids
#31
REVIEW
Fatuh Inayaturohmat, Nursanti Anggriani, Asep K Supriatna, Md Haider Ali Biswas
Tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV are among the most lethal diseases, with AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) being a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Individually, each of these infections presents a significant health challenge. However, when tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV co-occur, the symptoms can worsen, leading to an increased mortality risk. Mathematical models have been created to study coinfections involving tuberculosis, malaria, and HIV...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506589/synthesis-antidiabetic-and-antitubercular-evaluation-of-quinoline-pyrazolopyrimidine-hybrids-and-quinoline-4-arylamines
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nosipho Cele, Paul Awolade, Pule Seboletswe, Lungisani Khubone, Kolawole Olofinsan, Md Shahidul Islam, Audrey Jordaan, Digby F Warner, Parvesh Singh
Two libraries of quinoline-based hybrids 1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine and 7-chloro-N-phenylquinolin-4-amine were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties. Compounds with 4-methylpiperidine and para-trifluoromethoxy groups, respectively, showed the most promising α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 =46.70 and 40.84 μM, compared to the reference inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 =51.73 μM). Structure-activity relationship analysis suggested that the cyclic secondary amine pendants and para-phenyl substituents account for the variable enzyme inhibition...
March 20, 2024: ChemistryOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506023/-clinical-case-of-tuberculous-otitis-media-in-early-childhood
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Yu Ivoylov, M M Polunin, N A Mileshina, S S Osipenkov, A N Radtsig
Nowadays, the incidence of tuberculosis remains high all over the world, despite the vaccination, medical support, social policy. The main reasons for this are the high level of migration, the prevalence of bad habits, the prevalence of immunodeficiency conditions, the formation of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, the tendency to refuse vaccination. At the same time, great difficulties arise in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary forms of infection. The purpose of this publication is to remind about the peculiarities of the course and diagnosis of tuberculous otitis media...
2024: Vestnik Otorinolaringologii
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505430/tuberculous-otitis-media-with-cerebral-venous-thrombosis-a-rare-and-challenging-diagnostic-case
#34
Ayidh Alharthi, Ghayda A Alghamdi, Banan S Alghamdi, Ghadi S Alghamdi, Najla K Alzahrani
Tuberculous otitis media is an uncommon cause of chronic suppurative infection affecting the middle ear and mastoid. Unfortunately, the signs and symptoms of tuberculous otitis media are very similar to those of non-tuberculous otitis media, which can make early diagnosis challenging. It is crucial to diagnose and treat the condition early to prevent damage to the ear and potential complications involving the central nervous system. We present a case of a 13-year-old Saudi girl who presented with a two-week history of headaches associated with photophobia...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504421/pericardial-effusion-in-association-with-periodontitis-case-report-and-review-of-8-patients-in-literature
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toshihiko Matsuo, Chie Nakago Matsuo, Nobuhiko Matsuo, Ayano Mori, Masaaki Murakami, Hiroshi Ito
Periodontal diseases are well-known background for infective endocarditis. Here, we show that pericardial effusion or pericarditis might have origin also in periodontal diseases. An 86-year-old man with well-controlled hypertension and diabetes mellitus developed asymptomatic increase in pericardial effusion. Two weeks previously, he took oral new quinolone antibiotics for a week because he had painful periodontitis along a dental bridge in the mandibular teeth on the right side and presented cheek swelling...
2024: Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504239/the-challenges-in-diagnosing-isolated-epididymal-tuberculosis-tb-in-an-adolescent-male-a-case-report
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Citra Cesilia, Harry Galuh Nugraha, Safendra Siregar, Heda Melinda Nataprawira
BACKGROUND: Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) is a common form of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) in children. An example of GUTB is epididymal TB, which usually presents unspecific chronic clinical manifestations. Definitive diagnosis can be conducted based on bacteriologic confirmation and histopathologic results, but this is challenging due to the paucibacillary nature of EPTB. Therefore, we reported the challenges in diagnosing isolated epididymal TB in an adolescent male. CASE PRESENTATION: A 16-year-old male presented to respirology clinic with painful swelling of the left scrotum for 3 months before visiting to the hospital...
March 19, 2024: BMC Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501867/genetic-and-chemical-control-of-tuberculostearic-acid-production-in-mycobacterium-avium-subspecies-paratuberculosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John P Bannantine, Shannon C Duffy, María A Colombatti Olivieri, Marcel A Behr, Franck Biet, Neil P J Price
Tuberculostearic acid (TBSA) is a fatty acid unique to mycobacteria and some corynebacteria and has been studied due to its diagnostic value, biofuel properties, and role in membrane dynamics. In this study, we demonstrate that TBSA production can be abrogated either by addition of pivalic acid to mycobacterial growth cultures or by a bfaA gene knockout encoding a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-binding oxidoreductase. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ( Map ) growth and TBSA production were inhibited in 0...
March 19, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500938/pulmonary-spindle-cell-carcinoma-as-rare-as-a-hen-s-teeth
#38
Rudra P Samanta, Srikant Agarwal, Ruchi Agrawal, Kaushik Saha, Susmita Sengupta
This case is about a 70-year-old man who presented with symptoms and laboratory reports that indicated differentials toward an infectious disease (pneumonia and tuberculosis). A lung mass was found in his chest X-ray and in the computerized tomography (CT) scan of his thorax. A biopsy was taken from the lung mass, and histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy were done. The results revealed the presence of spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) with vimentin and cytokeratin positivity...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500696/missed-opportunity-for-tuberculosis-screening-among-patients-presenting-at-two-health-facilities-in-manafwa-district-uganda
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Titus Wamulima, John Peter Masette Masaba, David Musoke, David Mukunya, Joseph Kb Matovu
Missed opportunities for Tuberculosis (TB) screening are key drivers of continued tuberculosis transmission. To determine the proportion of and factors associated with missing TB screening amongst patients who attended Bubulo and Butiru health facilities in the Manafwa district to inform future TB prevention and control efforts in Uganda. This was a facility-based, cross-sectional study with quantitative methods of data collection. 125 patients (≥18 years) with at least one symptom suggestive of TB were systematically selected and interviewed at the exit...
November 30, 2023: Journal of Public Health in Africa
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497528/genitourinary-fistula-epidemiology-changing-trends-in-etiology-and-management-a-tertiary-care-institute-s-perspective
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Singh Vikram, Yadav Om Kumar, Sandhu Arjun Singh, Singh Mahendra, Bhirud Deepak Prakash, Tripathi Shashank, Bhargava Priyank, Jena Rahul, Navriya Shivcharan, Choudhary Gautam Ram
INTRODUCTION: Urogenital fistula is a physically, socially and psychologically devastating condition for the patient. In developed countries, these fistulae are typically related to gynecological surgery, pelvic pathology like malignancy or post radiation therapy. In contrast, classical teaching is that urogenital fistulae in the developing countries like India are usually associated with prolonged labor and obstetric complications. This retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care health Institute shows a paradigm shift in epidemiology, etiology and management of genitourinary fistulae in India in recent times...
March 18, 2024: Urologia
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