Diabetis mellitus

Attendees of 15 health centers in urban and rural areas in the Riyadh region were screened for obesity during May and June 1994. Systemic selection yielded 1580 Saudi males for analysis. The mean age was 33.6 +/- 13.5 years and body mass index (BMI) was 26.9 +/- 5.7 kg/m(2). Only 36.6% of subjects were their ideal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m(2)), while 34.8% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), 26.9% were moderately obese (BMI 30-40 kg/m(2)) and 1.7% were morbidly obese (BMI > 40 kg/m(2)). Middle age, lower education and joblessness predicted a higher risk for obesity...

We compared the prevalence of concurrent diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart diseases and apoplexy) in patients with renal cell carcinoma, bladder carcinoma and prostatic carcinoma diagnosed in our department with that in all patients in our department analyzed using Mantel-Haenszel regression. In hypertension, there was a significantly high prevalence of patients with renal cell carcinoma (p < 0.05) in males and females, and prostatic carcinoma (p < 0.05). In diabetis mellitus, ischemic heart diseases and apoplexy, no apparent characteristic of prevalence was recognized...

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) regulates genes involved in renal disease progression, such as the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and RANTES. NF-kappaB is activated in experimental models of renal injury, and in vitro studies also suggest that proteinuria and angiotensin II could be important NF-kappaB activators. It has been proposed that locally produced MCP-1 may be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We examined the hypothesis that NF-kappaB could be an indicator of renal damage progression in DN...

BACKGROUND: Statins have mechanisms of action that expand their effects beyond cholesterol lowering and atherosclerotic medical conditions. OBJECTIVE: This review summarizes clinical evidence for the association of dyslipidemia and the effects of statin use on aortic stenosis, Alzheimer's dementia (AD), osteoporosis, prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic/nondiabetic nephropathy. METHODS: An English-language literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (1966-June 2003)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients followed in 1998. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 38 patients [22 males; age = 10.4 -/+ 4.1 years; 12 (31.6%) prepubertal, 26 (68.4%) pubertal], with diabetes duration of 3.7-/+3.4 years and age of diagnosis of 7.2 -/+ 4.7 years. HbA1c was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (L-9100 Merck Hitachi, reference value =2.6 to 6.2%). RESULTS: HbA1c was 8.04 -/+ 2.4%, without association with gender and puberty. In the 27 patients with at least two HbA1c determinations, the level of glycemic control changed in 8 (29...

OBJECTIVES: Osteopenia in lower extremity amputation is described with an increased risk of fracture and it seems to be interesting to study bone mass in a population of 99 amputees of limb. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied the bone mass with Dual Energy Xray Absorptiometry in patients with limb amputation, above and under knee and who have been treated in the rehabilitation department of Mulhouse's hospital and more specifically the percentage of the difference of the mesure between amputed and non amputed side and the influence on this mesure of several factors like sexe; age; diabetes mellitus; delay of amputation; aetiology and use of prosthesis...

One hundred diabetes mellitus patients attending the diabetic clinic and those admitted in the medical wards of the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, were selected randomly to study the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis with the age-and the sexwise distribution in diabetes mellitus patients. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was established from the dinical symptoms and the estimation of blood sugar levels whereas pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed from clinical, radiological and bacteriological examinations...

Exposure of human pancreatic islets to a mixture of cytokines induces expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), impairs beta-cell function and induces apoptosis. Exposing human islets to high amounts of NO from chemical NO-donors causes DNA strand breaks and mitochondrial damage, suggesting that NO is deleterious to human beta-cells. Hence, we consider the gene encoding iNOS in beta-cells, NOS2, a candidate gene for type 1 diabetes in humans. In the present study we have tested three identified polymorphisms within the promoter sequence of the human NOS2 gene in a type 1 diabetic family material comprising 154 affected sib-pair families and 103 affected simplex families (1143 individuals in total)...

In order to assess the incidence of significant venous thrombosis after transvenous permanent pacemaker implantation, transcutaneous ultrasound studies were performed in 109 consecutive patients with single-polyurethane-lead pacemakers. Ultrasonic evaluation was found to be a good noninvasive method in assessing the veins. Six patients (5.5%) were found to have significant venous obstruction in the subclavian vein. However, none of them were symptomatic. No difference in the incidence of venous obstruction was found, based on the age, duration of implantation, operative technique, potentially thrombogenic factors including atrial fibrillation, diabeties mellitus, hypertension, heart failure and end-stage renal disease...

The relevance of the diabetological education in the treatment of diabetis mellitus must be a prioritary goal in order to reach a proper metabolic control and to avoid as much as possible both acute metabolic complications and long-term vascular and neurological complications, achieving thus a total integration of the diabetic patient in the society. We have monitored during 15 days a group of diabetic children with IDDM in a summer camp, assessing in all of them several clinical and biochemical parameters...

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A personal interview to 148 patients was carried out with the aim of getting to know the level of information of type II diabetic patients at an Urban Health Center in Santander. A validated questionnaire made up of 14 questions on general aspects of diabetis, dietetic habits and capability to handle complications was used. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of questionnaire was 0.69. The correct answer average was 6.3 (IC = 5.9-6.5). Patients were best informed about general aspects and had much less information with regard to the handling of complications and to their diet...

Our previous study indicated that erythrocyte Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) undergoes glycation and inactivation in vivo (1) and in vitro (2). The aim of the present study was to assess glycated Cu,Zn-SOD in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Glycated Cu,Zn-SOD, which binds to a boronic acid affinity column, was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentage of the glycated form in 25 insulin-dependent diabetic children was 40.2 +/- 8.2%; this was significantly higher than that in the normal controls (P less than 0...

BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to estimate the treatment characteristics and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosed in the counties of Tarragona (548,900 inhabitants) from the consumption of hypoglycemic medication. METHODS: A stratified aleatory sample was made of the prescription of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and insulin (INS) in 14 centers of primary health care. Calculation of pharmacy dispensing and prescriptions (computer network of the Institut Català de la Salut) was carried out with a relation of the mean doses of the survey and the estimate of the consumer population being made...

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Epidemiological aspects of obesity have been the object of few studies in Italy, and the results of these are reviewed and compared with those obtained in other developed countries. The prevalence of obesity has been investigated in pre-school and school-age children, in young conscripts and in workers at the Riuniti Hospital in Parma, and the results show that the problem of obesity in Italy is a serious one. More than 2000 obese subjects, attending the First Medical Clinic of Parma University, have been studied to establish how far overweight is responsible for pathological and disabling complications...