haglunds disease

BACKGROUND: The etiology behind different types of chronic sialadenitis (CS), some of which exhibit IgG4 overexpression, is unknown. Further, IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) commonly affects the submandibular gland, but its relationship to IgG4-overexpressing CS, and the antigen triggering IgG4 overexpression, remain unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By qPCR, we assessed the presence of 21 DNA-viruses causing IgG4 overexpression in submandibular gland tissue from patients with IgG4-positive and IgG4-negative CS...

Amyloid plaques composed of fibrils of misfolded Aβ peptides are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ fibrils are polymorphic in their tertiary and quaternary molecular structures. This structural polymorphism may carry different pathologic potencies and can putatively contribute to clinical phenotypes of AD. Therefore, mapping of structural polymorphism of Aβ fibrils and structural evolution over time is valuable to understanding disease mechanisms. Here, we investigated how Aβ fibril structures in situ differ in Aβ plaque of different mouse models expressing familial mutations in the AβPP gene...

PURPOSE: Haglund's deformity, an abnormality at the postero-superior corner of the calcaneus is a common cause of posterior heel pain. To date numerous measurements of radiological angles related to the calcaneus have been proposed to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with the deformity. Traditionally, these measurements have been assessed on plain radiographs. The aim of this study was to identify measurements which can be applied to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies of the ankle...

Biomarkers are not broadly used in the management of head and neck cancers (HNCs). Biomarkers have been beneficial in the management of other cancers, however, not in HNCs. Therefore, we observed the immunopositivity of a novel biomarker called immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 (IGSF3) in tumor tissues in HPV-related and HPV-unrelated OPSCC. Two patient cohorts (C1 and C2) from separate time periods were available for this study (total N = 282). Both consisted of OPSCC patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital (HUS, Helsinki, Finland) during 2000-2016...

BACKGROUND: Haglund exostosis-related heel pain may be surgically treated with dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy (DCWCO). Recent reports on this technique show good clinical and self-reported outcomes. However, uncertainty about functional consequences related to ankle muscle strength and gait function due to a shortened Achilles tendon lever arm exists. METHODS: Fifteen patients (15 feet) with Haglund exostosis-related heel pain were surgically treated with DCWCO and evaluated before and 1 year after surgery...

INTRODUCTION: Autonomic dysfunction (AuD) is a significant clinical challenge in patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). Manifestations of AuD such as orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with falls and decreased quality of life. Cardiac autonomic denervation is an early phenomenon in DLB and a potential contributor to OH. This retrospective study was undertaken to explore whether routine ECG tracings could be used to identify signs of autonomic dysfunction in DLB. METHODS: 18 patients with DLB and 18 age-matched patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were included...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key mediators of inflammation in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. TLR-2 activation contributes to the degenerative process by increasing the expression of extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophins. As potent post-transcriptional regulators, microRNAs can modulate intracellular mechanisms, and their dysregulation is known to contribute to numerous pathologies. This study aims to investigate the impact of TLR-2 signaling on miRNA dysregulation in the context of IVD degeneration...

PURPOSE: Primary tumor failure is common in patients treated with chemoradiation (CRT) for locally advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC). Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) yields high rates of primary tumor control (PTC) in early-stage NSCLC. This trial tested an SBRT boost to the primary tumor before the start of CRT to improve PTC. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with LA-NSCLC received an SBRT boost in 2 fractions (central location 12 Gy, peripheral location 16 Gy) to the primary tumor, followed by standard CRT (60 Gy in 30 fractions)...

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. The hippo pathway works as a regulator of organ growth and is often a target for mutations in cancer. Ferm domain containing protein 6 (FRMD6) is an activator of the hippo pathway. This study aimed to explore the role of FRMD6 in CRC and to determine how well it works as a prognostic factor among CRC patients. METHODS: The tumor expression of FRMD6 was evaluated using immunohistochemistry in 538 colorectal patients operated on at Helsinki University Hospital...

BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of single cell invasion and large nuclear diameter is not well documented in early-stage oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). METHODS: We used hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections to evaluate the presence of single cell invasion and large nuclei in a multicenter cohort of 311 cases treated for early-stage OTSCC. RESULTS: Single cell invasion was associated in multivariable analysis with poor disease-specific survival (DSS) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2...

OBJECTIVE: To describe midwives' experiences of intact cord resuscitation close to the mother for nonvigorous neonates after vaginal birth. DESIGN: Descriptive qualitative. SETTING: Four labor wards in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: Midwives (N = 13) currently or previously employed in labor wards where the Sustained Cord Circulation and Ventilation (SAVE) study was conducted. METHODS: We analyzed semistructured interviews using reflexive thematic analysis...

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OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) carries a major global burden of disease; however, it is well established that patients in low- and middle-income countries, such as those in Africa, have higher mortality rates. Pediatric TBI, specifically, is a documented cause for concern as injuries to the developing brain have been shown to lead to cognitive, psychosocial, and motor problems in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reported demographics, causes, management, and outcomes of pediatric TBI in Africa...

INTRODUCTION: Haglund's deformity is a posterosuperior calcaneal prominence often associated with a painful bursa and insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Endoscopic debridement has been previously described; however, the aim of this cadaveric study is to describe landmarks of a minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approach to Haglund's deformity. METHODS: Twelve specimens were dissected to identify medial and lateral portals for minimally invasive burr placement and anchor placement...

Aim Haglund's syndrome may be responsible for chronic pain in the ankle and hindfoot. Although numerous therapeutic approaches have been described in the literature, to this date no consensus over a surgical treatment has been established. We report our experience in the treatment of Haglund's syndrome and pre-insertional calcifications of the Achilles tendon using an open surgical approach and platelet rich plasma (PRP) membranes as a local adjuvant. Methods The study retrospectively evaluated patients with Haglund syndrome treated with a direct posterior access, Achilles tendon split, bursectomy, resection of the heel deformity and topical administration of PRP membranes...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the scope, trends, and challenges of neurosurgical research in Nigeria since inception of the specialty in 1962. METHODS: A bibliometric review of the neurosurgical literature from Nigeria was done. Variables extracted included year and journal of publication, article topic, article type, research type, study design, article focus area, and limitations. Descriptive and quantitative analyses were performed for all variables. Trends of research publications were described in three periods - pioneering (1962-1981), recession (1982-2001), and resurgent (2002-2021)...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) features a dense desmoplastic stroma, which raises the intratumoral interstitial pressure leading to vascular collapse and hypoxia, inducing angiogenesis. Vascular growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), increase in PDAC. A high VEGF and a high circulating Ang-2 associate with shorter survival in PDAC. In addition to the circulatory Ang-2, PDAC endothelial and epithelial cells express Ang-2. No correlation between tumor epithelial nor endothelial cell Ang-2 expression and survival has been published...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic calcaneoplasty (ECP) and gastrocnemius recession (GR) are procedures that have been described to effectively treat Haglund's deformity and insertional Achilles tendinopathy respectively. The purpose of our manuscript is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ECP and GR with immediate weightbearing for the treatment of Haglund's deformity with mild to moderate insertional Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS: We performed ECP coupled with GR on 14 patients with an average age of 52 years...

When a patient presents with posterior heel pain on the background of a cavovarus foot, there are many different aspects to take into account. The morphology of the foot and the specific cause of the patient's pain lead the practitioner to alter the treatment appropriately. Some patients should only receive physiotherapy, but the majority should receive more invasive treatments, including calcaneal osteotomies or tendon debridement, depending on their particular presentation and pathology. This review examines the various different facets of posterior heel pain that must be dealt with and the most up-to-date treatments for the same...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a theory to explain the processes women use to self-manage recovery from opioid use disorder during pregnancy, the postpartum period, and early parenting. DESIGN: Constructivist grounded theory approach. PARTICIPANTS: Women (N = 16) who gave birth during the past 12 months and used medication for opioid use disorder for recovery through pregnancy and the postpartum period. METHODS: We recruited participants through seven medication-assisted treatment clinics in a mid-size Midwestern city and the surrounding suburbs and through online parenting and recovery community groups with national-based memberships...