adverse obstetric outcome

Most IVF-conceived children are healthy, but IVF has also been associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes as well as congenital anomalies. There is also literature suggesting an association between IVF and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as potentially long-term metabolic outcomes. The main driver for adverse outcomes is the higher risk of multiple gestations in IVF, but as the field moves toward single embryo transfer, the rate of multiple gestations is decreasing. Studies have shown that singleton IVF pregnancies still have a higher incidence of adverse outcomes compared to unassisted singleton pregnancies...

The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of Nigeria remains high. This retrospective study aims to suggest evidence-based strategies towards achieving the sustainable development goal target 3.1 at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTHC), Nigeria by providing contemporary data on MMR between October 2012 and September 2015. There were 86 maternal deaths and 5243 live births over the triennium, with annual MMRs of 1744, 1622 and 1512/100,000 live births, respectively. Fifty-six (65.2%) were postpartum deaths, while 44 (51...

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation facilitates pregnancy in women with end-stage kidney disease, however impact of pregnancy on short and longer-term graft function is uncertain. METHODS: Obstetric, foetal and graft outcomes for pregnancies from a large Australian transplant unit (1976-2015) were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 56 pregnancies in 35 women with mean age at conception 30.4±0.6 years and mean transplant-pregnancy interval 5.5±0...

Primary HPV screening enables earlier diagnosis of cervical lesions compared to cytology, however, its effect on the risk of treatment has not been investigated. We estimated the cumulative lifetime risk (CLR) of cervical cancer and excisional treatment; and change in adverse obstetric outcomes in HPV unvaccinated women and cohorts offered vaccination (>70% coverage in 12-13 years) for the Australian cervical screening program. 2-yearly cytology screening (ages 18-69 years) was compared to 5-yearly primary HPV screening with partial genotyping for HPV16/18 (ages 25-74 years)...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of falling insulin requirements (FIR) among women with pre-existing diabetes with adverse obstetric outcomes and maternal biomarkers longitudinally in pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective cohort study of 158 women (41 with type 1 diabetes and 117 with type 2 diabetes) was conducted. Women with FIR of ≥15% from the peak total daily dose after 20 weeks gestation were considered case subjects (n = 32)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine administered during the periconceptional period or during pregnancy was associated with increased risks for adverse obstetric events, adverse birth outcomes, or selected major structural birth defects. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study using administrative and health care data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Insured women 13-27 years old with singleton pregnancies and a live birth from January 1, 2007, through September 1, 2013, who received quadrivalent HPV vaccine during the periconceptional period (2 weeks before to 2 weeks after their last menstrual period), during pregnancy, or during both periods combined were compared with women who had a live birth during the same time period and received quadrivalent HPV vaccine 4-18 months before their last menstrual period...

AIM: (1) To evaluate the prevalence of inherited thrombophilia in pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes: intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), preeclampsia (PE) and placental abruption. (2) To assess the impact of inherited thrombophilia on the nature of obstetric complications. (3) To assess levels of protein S, protein C, antithrombin III and homocysteine in pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study comprised 162 pregnant women...

In the United States, 1-2.5% of pregnant women are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which carries an approximately 5% risk of transmission from mother to infant. HCV can be transmitted to the infant in utero or during the peripartum period, and infection during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes, including fetal growth restriction and low birth weight. The purpose of this document is to discuss the current evidence regarding HCV in pregnancy and to provide recommendations on screening, treatment, and management of this disease during pregnancy...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the adverse perinatal outcomes in uncomplicated late preterm pregnancies with borderline oligohydramnios. METHODS: A total of 430 pregnant women with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy at a gestational age of 34 + 0-36 + 6 weeks were included. Borderline oligohydramnios was defined as an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of 5.1-8 cm, which was measured using the four-quadrant technique. Adverse perinatal outcomes were compared between the borderline and normal AFI groups...

All providers who care for reproductive-aged women with cardiac disease should assess these patients' desires and plans for pregnancy at every encounter. For those considering pregnancy, preconception counseling, often performed by a maternal-fetal medicine specialist, can help patients understand the potential implications of pregnancy on their health and estimate the risks of an adverse cardiac event prior to conceiving. There are cardiac conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension and aortic stenosis, in which pregnancy may be contraindicated given the high morbidity and mortality; there are tools available to help quantify a patient's risk...

OBJECTIVES: to examine the maternal and neonatal outcomes of low-risk women receiving midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care. DESIGN, SETTING,&PARTICIPANTS: a retrospective cohort study design was used. Data were collected from a large tertiary maternity hospital in Singapore. This involved a medical record review of 368 women who had singleton, normal to low-risk, term pregnancy, and received midwife-led care and obstetrician-led care between 2013 to 2014. MEASUREMENTS: a data extraction tool was used to solicit information on the outcome measures, including duration of labour, mode of delivery, episiotomy, and 5-minutes Apgar score (<7)...

BACKGROUND: As age is not modifiable, pregnancy risk information based on age alone is unhelpful for older women. AIM: To determine severe morbidity/mortality rates for women aged ≥35 years according to maternal profile based on parity, pre-existing medical conditions and prior pregnancy complications, and to assess the independent contribution of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Population-based record-linkage study using NSW hospitalisation and birth records 2006-2012...

Adequate thyroid hormone availability is important for an uncomplicated pregnancy and optimal fetal growth and development. Overt thyroid disease is associated with a wide range of adverse obstetric and child development outcomes. An increasing number of studies now indicate that milder forms of thyroid dysfunction are also associated with these adverse pregnancy outcomes. The definitions of both overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction have changed considerably over the past few years, as new data indicate that the commonly used fixed upper limits of 2...

As the oocyte is the starting point for a new life, artificial reproductive technology (ART) techniques should not affect the (ultra) structural and functional integrity, or the developmental competence. Oocyte vitrification -one of the most significant achievements in human ART during the past decade- should therefore be a safe and efficient technique. This review discusses the principles and developments of the existing and future techniques, applications possibilities and safety concerns. The broad range of vitrification media and devices that are currently available, show differences in their effects on the oocyte ultrastructure and preimplantation development...

OBJECTIVE: Team training is frequently applied in obstetrics. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of obstetric multi-professional team training in a medical simulation centre. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate four strategies for obstetric team training from a hospital perspective (no training, training without on-site repetition and training with 6 month or 3-6-9 month repetition). Data were retrieved from the TOSTI study, a randomised controlled trial evaluating team training in a medical simulation centre...

OBJECTIVE: To compare severe maternal complications (potentially life-threatening conditions [PLTCs], maternal near miss [MNM], and maternal death) and perinatal outcomes between multiple and singleton pregnancies. METHODS: A secondary analysis was undertaken using data from the Brazilian Network for Surveillance of Severe Maternal Morbidity (prospective surveillance of morbidities in 27 Brazilian obstetric units between July 2009 and June 2010). Health indicators and criteria used for PLTCs and MNM were assessed...

Several miRNAs are expressed in human gestational tissue, and some have been shown to be associated with placental dysfunction and complicated pregnancy outcomes. To investigate the roles of miR-346 and miR-582-3p in adverse obstetric events, we analyzed these 2 miRNAs in three samples (maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and placenta) obtained from pregnant women in four groups, including healthy control (n = 60), preeclampsia (n = 31), preterm delivery (n = 29) and small for gestational age (n = 19) patients...

BACKGROUND: Castor oil is a substance used for labor induction in an inpatient setting. However, its efficacy as an agent for the induction of labor, for post-date pregnancies in an outpatient setup is unknown. OBJECTIVE: Efficacy of castor oil as an agent for the induction of labor, for post-date pregnancies in outpatient settings. METHODS: Eighty-one women with a low-risk post-date singleton pregnancy with a Bishop score≤7, without effective uterine contractions were randomized to the intervention, 60ml of castor oil, or the control, 60ml of sun-flower oil...

Background: Most pregnancy-related medical complications appear to resolve at delivery or shortly thereafter. Common examples are preterm labor, placental abruption, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes. Women who developed such complications are known to be at increased risk of developing similar complications in future pregnancies. It has recently become evident that these women are at an increased risk of long term medical complications. Methods: A search through scientific publications in English regarding the association of obstetric complications and long-term maternal illness...

INTRODUCTION: Sickle cell disease in pregnancy carries a high risk of maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. The use of prophylactic transfusions to reduce the risk of sickle complications is controversial. Current UK standards do not recommend the routine use of transfusion for sickle pregnancy. We examined transfusion episodes during sickle pregnancies in a single centre over an 11-year period. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study of all pregnancies in patients with sickle cell disease who attended the joint obstetric/haematology clinic over an 11-year period...