keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38183120/reflective-questioning-to-guide-socially-just-global-health-reform-a-narrative-review-and-expert-elicitation
#1
REVIEW
Sarah Lebu, Lena Musoka, Jay P Graham
Recent research has highlighted the impacts of colonialism and racism in global health, yet few studies have presented concrete steps toward addressing the problems. We conducted a narrative review to identify published evidence that documented guiding frameworks for enhancing equity and inclusion in global health research and practice (GHRP). Based on this narrative review, we developed a questionnaire with a series of reflection questions related on commonly reported challenges related to diversity, inclusion, equity, and power imbalances...
January 5, 2024: International Journal for Equity in Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38107518/ghrelin-misbalance-affects-mice-embryo-implantation-and-pregnancy-success-by-uterine-immune-dysregulation-and-nitrosative-stress
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eugenia Mercedes Luque, Cintia María Díaz-Luján, Daniela Andrea Paira, Nicolás de Loredo, Pedro Javier Torres, Verónica Inés Cantarelli, Ricardo Fretes, Rubén Darío Motrich, Ana Carolina Martini
INTRODUCTION: In a previous study we found that ghrelin (Ghrl) misbalance during the peri-implantation period significantly impaired fetus development. In this study we aimed to evaluate the putative mechanisms underlying these effects, including embryo implantation success, uterine nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, nitric oxide synthesis and the inflammatory/immune uterine profile. METHODS: Ghrelin misbalance was induced by injecting 4nmol/animal/day of Ghrl (hyperghrelinemia) or 6nmol/animal/day of a Ghrl antagonist (Ant: (D-Lys3)GHRP-6) from day 3 to 8 of pregnancy...
2023: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37793283/differential-impact-of-a-ghrelin-receptor-antagonist-or-inverse-agonist-in-the-electrical-kindling-model-of-epilepsy
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siamak Beheshti, Shiva Ershadi, Fatemeh Zamani, Mansour Azimzadeh, Mohammad Wasil Wesal
Ghrelin is a peptide, which has been shown to affect seizures. However, there is not a consensus about its real impact on the control of seizure severity. We assessed the influence of intra-amygdala injections of a ghrelin receptor (GHSR) antagonist, as well as a GHSR inverse agonist on the electrical kindling-induced seizures. Two unipolar electrodes and a tripolar electrode twisted with a guide cannula were implanted in the skull surface or the basolateral amygdala of adult male rats, respectively. A rapid electrical kindling protocol was applied for kindling epileptogenesis...
September 30, 2023: Epilepsy Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37760897/ghrelin-amplifies-the-nicotine-induced-release-of-dopamine-in-the-bed-nucleus-of-stria-terminalis-bnst
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jázmin Ayman, Miklós Palotai, Roberta Dochnal, Zsolt Bagosi
Ghrelin is an orexigenic neuropeptide that is known for stimulating the release of growth hormone (GH) and appetite. In addition, ghrelin has been implicated in addiction to drugs such as nicotine. Nicotine is the principal psychoactive component in tobacco and is responsible for the reward sensation produced by smoking. In our previous in vitro superfusion studies, it was demonstrated that ghrelin and nicotine stimulate equally the dopamine release in the rat amygdala, and ghrelin amplifies the nicotine-induced dopamine release in the rat striatum...
September 4, 2023: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37688464/in-house-standards-derived-from-doping-peptides-enzymatic-and-serum-stability-and-degradation-profile-of-ghrp-and-ghrh-related-peptides
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolás Mateo González-López, Luisa María Guerra-Acero-Turizo, Isabella Blanco-Medina, Andrea Carolina Barragán-Cárdenas, David Augusto Ramírez-Celis, Jorge Ariel Martínez-Ramírez, Ricardo Fierro-Medina, Javier Eduardo García-Castañeda, Zuly Jenny Rivera-Monroy
Matrix effect and sample pretreatment significantly affect the percentage recovery of peptides in biological matrices, affecting the method robustness and accuracy. To counteract this effect, an internal standard (IS) is used; however, in most cases this is not available, which limits the analytical method. It is important to identify short peptides that can be used as ISs in the quantification of peptides in biological matrices. In this study, doping peptides GHRP-4, GHRP-5, GHRP-6, Sermorelin (1-11), Sermorelin (13-20) and Sermorelin (22-29) were synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis...
September 9, 2023: Biomedical Chromatography: BMC
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37506870/desacylghrelin-modulates-ghs-r1-receptor-expression-and-cell-differentiation-in-placental-bewo-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa Coria-Caballero, Maria-de-la-Luz Jaramillo-Narvaez, Ma Guadalupe Leon-Verdin, Federico Martinez, Maria-Luisa Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy, Gloria Barbosa-Sabanero
BACKGROUND: and purpose: Ghrelin is the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1). Ghrelin, and GHS-R1, may have a role in placental growth and function, and its unacylated form desacylghrelin (DAG) could be involved in fetal growth. Nevertheless, the effects of DAG on placental function, and the receptor involved in its actions, remain to be determined. We aimed to investigate the effect of DAG in placental BeWo cells viability, proliferation, differentiation, and GSH-R1 expression...
July 26, 2023: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37301480/inhibition-of-ghrelin-activity-by-the-receptor-antagonist-d-lys3-ghrp-6-enhances-hepatic-fatty-acid-oxidation-and-gluconeogenesis-in-a-growing-pig-model
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
He Zhang, Xiaoxi Yan, Ailian Lin, Pengke Xia, Yong Su
Despite its central role in regulating energy intake and metabolism, ghrelin is little understood when it comes to its effects on hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. Growing pigs were intravenously injected with ghrelin receptor antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (DLys; 6mg/kg body weight) for seven days to determine whether ghrelin plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism. DLys treatment significantly reduced body weight gain and adipose histopathology found that DLys treatment dramatically reduced adipocyte size...
June 8, 2023: Peptides
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37295337/assessment-of-anterior-pituitary-reserve-capacity-based-on-growth-hormone-response-to-growth-hormone-releasing-peptide-2-test-in-the-elderly
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shinichiro Teramoto, Shigeyuki Tahara, Yujiro Hattori, Akihide Kondo, Akio Morita
OBJECTIVE: The growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2) test is relatively safe among endocrine stimulation tests for the elderly. We investigated whether anterior pituitary function in elderly patients could be assessed on the basis of GH response to the GHRP-2 test. DESIGN: Sixty-five elderly patients aged 65 years and older with non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) who underwent pituitary surgery and preoperative endocrine stimulation tests were classified into the "GH normal group" and "GH deficiency group" based on GH response to the GHRP-2 test...
June 2, 2023: Growth Hormone & IGF Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37023137/sghrp-secure-greedy-highway-routing-protocol-with-authentication-and-increased-privacy-in-vehicular-ad-hoc-networks
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edris Khezri, Esmaeil Zeinali, Hadi Sargolzaey
VANETs are networks of connected intelligent vehicles that can communicate with each other, as well as with infrastructure and fixed roadside equipment. As a result of the lack of fixed infrastructure and open-access environment, security is crucial when sending packets. Secure routing protocols have been proposed for VANETs, but most are focused on authenticating nodes and creating a secure route, without considering confidentiality after the route is created. Using a chain of source keys validated by a one-way function, we have proposed a secure routing protocol called Secure Greedy Highway Routing Protocol (GHRP), which provides increased confidentiality over other protocols...
2023: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36496009/the-effects-and-mechanisms-of-ghrelin-upon-angiogenesis-in-human-coronary-artery-endothelial-cells-under-hypoxia
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Wang, Qingwei Chen, Jun Pang
Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), has been found to stimulate angiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. However, the effect of ghrelin upon angiogenesis, and the corresponding mechanisms of ghrelin therein, in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) under hypoxia is still unknown. Our study found that ghrelin significantly increased HCAECs proliferation, migration, in vitro angiogenesis, and microvessel sprouting from the aortic ring under hypoxic conditions...
December 7, 2022: Peptides
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36246070/intracerebroventricular-injection-of-ghrelin-receptor-antagonist-alleviated-nafld-via-improving-hypothalamic-insulin-resistance
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yating Gong, Yaoyao Guo, Yiming Jiang, Zhiyang Xing, Heng Zhang, Hongbo Wang, Yanling Gong
OBJECTIVES: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of clinical metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is an important factor in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Ghrelin, widely distributed in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system, plays a vital role in regulating food intake, energy balance, and substance metabolism. In this study, the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of ghrelin receptor antagonist on NAFLD was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A rat model of NAFLD was established by feeding a high-fat diet, and a selective ghrelin receptor antagonist [D-Lys-3]-GHRP-6 was injected via ventricular intubation implantation...
September 2022: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36177976/ghrelin-down-regulates-lipopolysaccharide-leptin-induced-muc5ac-expression-in-human-nasal-epithelial-cells
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoon Seok Choi, Hyung Gyun Na, Chang Hoon Bae, Si-Youn Song, Yong-Dae Kim
Objectives: Obesity is a known risk factor for various diseases by inducing chronic low-grade systemic inflammation in the human body. In recent studies, various otorhinolaryngological diseases have also been associated with obesity. In particular, inflammatory sinonasal diseases have been found to be strongly associated with obesity-related proinflammatory mediators. Many studies have been conducted to identify therapeutic agents for controlling obesity-related inflammatory airway diseases...
September 21, 2022: Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35896372/temporal-patterns-of-increased-growth-hormone-secretion-in-mice-after-oral-administration-of-l-ornithine-possible-involvement-of-ghrelin-receptors
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emi Taniguchi, Ayumi Hattori, Kaito Kurogi, Yukihiro Hishida, Fumiko Watanabe, Mitsuhiro Furuse, Shinobu Yasuo
l-Ornithine is known to stimulate growth hormone (GH) release in mammals. Here, we demonstrated that increases in plasma GH levels after oral administration of l-ornithine were first observed 150 min after administration, and the elevated levels were sustained for more than 90 min in mice. The increase was significantly delayed compared with the reported timing of plasma and tissue levels of l-ornithine after administration. The l-ornithine-induced increase in GH release was completely blocked by [D-Lys3 ]-GHRP-6, a ghrelin receptor antagonist, but not by cyclosomatostatin or JV-1-38, antagonists of somatostatin and GH-releasing hormone, respectively...
July 26, 2022: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35881212/meranzin-hydrate-improves-depression-like-behaviors-and-hypomotility-via-ghrelin-and-neurocircuitry
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Lin Liu, Jian-Jun Xu, Lin-Ran Han, Xiang-Fei Liu, Mu-Hai Lin, Yun Wang, Zhe Xiao, Yun-Ke Huang, Ping Ren, Xi Huang
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether meranzin hydrate (MH) can alleviate depression-like behavior and hypomotility similar to Chaihu Shugan Powder (CSP), and further explore the potential common mechanisms. METHODS: Totally 120 Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5-8 groups including sham, vehicle, fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), mosapride (10 mg/kg), CSP (30 g/kg), MH (9.18 mg/kg), [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (Dlys, 0.5 mg/kg), and MH+Dlys groups by a random number table, 8 rats in each group...
July 26, 2022: Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35760980/efficient-transdermal-delivery-of-functional-protein-cargoes-by-a-hydrophobic-peptide-mtd-1067
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hee Je Shin, Sun Uk Bak, Ha Na La, Jin Sun Kang, Hwa Hyun Lee, Hyo Jung Eom, Byung Kyu Lee, Hyun Ah Kang
The skin has a protective barrier against the external environment, making the transdermal delivery of active macromolecules very difficult. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been accepted as useful delivery tools owing to their high transduction efficiency and low cytotoxicity. In this study, we evaluated the hydrophobic peptide, macromolecule transduction domain 1067 (MTD 1067) as a CPP for the transdermal delivery of protein cargoes of various sizes, including growth hormone-releasing hexapeptide-6 (GHRP-6), a truncated form of insulin-like growth factor-I (des(1-3)IGF-I), and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)...
June 27, 2022: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35758863/pharmacotherapy-in-cachexia-a-review-of-endocrine-abnormalities-and-steroid-pharmacotherapy
#16
REVIEW
Magdalena Celichowska, Miłosz Miedziaszczyk, Katarzyna Lacka
Cachexia is a state of increased metabolism associated with high morbidity and mortality. Dysregulation of cytokines and hormone activity causes reduced protein synthesis and excessive protein breakdown. various treatments are available, depending on the primary disease and the patient's state. Besides pharmacological treatment, crucial is nutritional support as well as increasing physical activity. The main purpose of pharmacological treatment is to diminish inflammation, improve appetite and decrease muscle wasting...
June 2022: Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35741361/antagonization-of-ghrelin-suppresses-muscle-protein-deposition-by-altering-gut-microbiota-and-serum-amino-acid-composition-in-a-pig-model
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoxi Yan, He Zhang, Ailian Lin, Yong Su
Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulating hormone that can increase food intake and has been reported to prevent muscle loss; however, the mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this study, [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (GHRP) was used to investigate the effects of the antagonization of ghrelin on muscle protein deposition, eating patterns and gut microbiota in a pig model. We found that the growth performance and muscle fiber cross-sectional area of pigs treated with GHRP were significantly reduced compared with the control (CON) group...
May 30, 2022: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35598399/the-neuropeptide-cortistatin-attenuates-th17-cell-response-through-inhibition-of-glycolysis-via-ghsr1
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yilei Guo, Dandan Sun, Yajing Zhang, Xiaoxiao Yu, Yulai Fang, Changjun Lv, Qin Zhang, Yanrong Zhu, Simiao Qiao, Yufeng Xia, Zhifeng Wei, Yue Dai
The neuropeptide cortistatin (CST) has been reported to attenuate Th17 cell response in multiple disease models, but the mechanism of action remains obscure. Here, we show that either overexpression or exogenous addition of CST obviously restricts Th17 cell differentiation. As metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in Th17 cell development, we explore whether CST inhibits Th17 cell differentiation by regulating glycolysis. The results show that CST substantially attenuates the glycolysis during Th17 differentiation and down-regulates the mRNA expression of myelocytomatosis oncogene (Myc) and hexokinase 2 (HK2), the glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme...
July 2022: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35452483/association-between-overweight-and-growth-hormone-secretion-in-patients-with-non-functioning-pituitary-tumors
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasufumi Seki, Atsuhiro Ichihara
INTRODUCTION: Growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) is often complicated by non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPTs); however, its prevalence remains unclear because preoperative screening for GHD with provocative tests is not recommended. Accordingly, we attempted to clarify the characteristics of GHD in unoperated patients with NFPT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed adult patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and Rathke's cyst who underwent preoperative GH-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2) tests from January 2013 to December 2016...
2022: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35359755/serving-the-vulnerable-the-world-health-organization-s-scaled-support-to-countries-during-the-first-year-of-the-covid-19-pandemic
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Micaela Pereira Bajard, Nicola Stephens, Johan Eidman, Kathleen Taylor Warren, Paul Molinaro, Constance McDonough-Thayer, Rafael Rovaletti, Shambhu P Acharya, Peter J Graaff, Gina Samaan
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC), created by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in 1991, serves as the global humanitarian coordination forum of the UN s system. The IASC brings 18 agencies together, including the World Health Organization (WHO), for humanitarian preparedness and response policies and action. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the IASC recognized the importance of providing intensified support to countries with conflict, humanitarian, or complex emergencies due to their weak health systems and fragile contexts...
2022: Frontiers in Public Health
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