sarcopenia in elder

This study targeted elderly women over 60 years old (109 persons), divided them into an exercise group and a control group, and implemented a 12-week physical activity program for the exercise group. Body composition, muscle, blood tests, depression, quality of life (QoL), nutritional status, and physical strength were compared and analyzed. The physical activity program was organized through a consultative body of experts, was performed for about 60 min each time in the type and order of exercise appropriate for elderly women, and consisted of a combination of exercise using a band, gymnastics, and stretching...

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome associated with muscle wasting, which can progress to cardiac cachexia. Myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle growth, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of muscle wasting in CHF patients and suggested as a potential biomarker. The objective of this study was to investigate serum myostatin concentration in patients with CHF with preserved and reduced ejection fraction. Methods: The authors conducted a single-centre study comparing serum myostatin levels, functional and echocardiographic parameters, muscle mass, strength and function in patients with CHF to a control group without CHF...

Major advances have been made in cancer treatment, but the prognosis for elderly cancer patients with sarcopenia and frailty remains poor. Myokines, which are thought to exert preventive effects against sarcopenia, have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of various cancers, but their effect on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of exercise on the control of HNSCC and to examine the underlying mechanism involved. Mice were injected with HSC-3-M3 cells, a human cell line of highly metastatic and poorly differentiated tongue cancer, at the beginning of the study...

This study aimed to compare the effects of a multicomponent exercise program and a concurrent exercise program on muscle strength in community-dwelling elderly subjects. Participants ( n = 35; male = 17; female = 18; Mage = 69.17, SD = 5.01 years) were screened and included in the study. Among them, 19 individuals were assigned to the multicomponent group, while 16 were assigned to the concurrent group. The results of the repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for the group factor (F(1,15) = 66...

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia due to abnormal insulin secretion and/or utilisation. Currently, sarcopenia has emerged as a new complication of T2DM, which increases the risk of physical disability, and even death. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) as well as their association with various other factors related to T2DM. METHODS: The study was an observational hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted among diabetic patients who came to the non-communicable diseases (NCD) clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat, India, from April 2023 to June 2023...

As populations age, chronic diseases accumulate, and new health conditions emerge. One noteworthy pair that warrants further evaluation is diabetes mellitus and sarcopenia, given that the latter occurs in 28 % of the population aged over 50 who have diabetes mellitus. The management of both entails nutritional interventions, making the development of unified dietary recommendations an alluring strategy. This review aims to elucidate the current recommendations for the combined management of sarcopenia and diabetes, while featuring elements that require further research...

Sarcopenia, a clinical syndrome primarily associated with reduced muscle mass in the elderly, has a negative impact on quality of life and survival. It can occur secondarily to other diseases such as heart failure (HF), a complex clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. The simultaneous occurrence of these two conditions can worsen the prognosis of their carriers, especially in the most severe cases of HF, as in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, due to the heterogeneous diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, estimates of its prevalence present a wide variation, leading to new criteria having been recently proposed for its diagnosis, emphasizing muscle strength and function rather than skeletal muscle mass...

Despite the universal impact of sarcopenia on compromised health and quality of life in the elderly, promising pharmaceutical approaches that can effectively mitigate loss of muscle and function during aging have been limited. Our group and others have reported impairments in peripheral motor neurons and loss of muscle innervation as initiating factors in sarcopenia, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress in muscle. We recently reported a reduction in α motor neuron loss in aging mice in response to the compound OKN-007, a proposed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent...

Objective: Affected by aging, the elderly diabetes patients have many pathological characteristics different from the young people, including more complications, vascular aging, cognitive impairment, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. This article will explore their pathogenesis and the mechanism of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervention, and use the method of systematic review to evaluate the clinical application of TCM in elderly diabetes. Method: Searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 2000 to November 2023 in the following databases: Web of Science, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang and VIP...

INTRODUCTION: Seniors are vulnerable to frailty, a condition linked to falls, fractures, hospitalizations, and sarcopenia. Even with regular meals, senior daycare users are at risk for malnutrition. METHODS: This study assessed malnutrition risk in daycare users, using the web-based Mini Nutritional Assessment Form (MNA®-SF). Individuals identified as malnourished or at risk were examined for changes in nutritional status with and without oral nutritional supplementation (ONS)...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic low-grade inflammation is an important aspect of morbidity and mortality in older adults. The level of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or IL-1β) is a risk factor in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and is also associated with sarcopenia and frailties. The objective of this study was to assess each cytokine: IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β separately in the elderly with comorbidities against controls without diseases according to the data published in the available literature...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of malnutrition is high among the elderly population. Hospital admission is a window of opportunity for its detection. OBJECTIVE: To assess the concordance of different nutritional scales in hospitalized patients. METHODS: Prospective study in non-institutionalized patients over 65 years of age admitted to an internal medicine department. Five malnutrition screening surveys (MNA, MST, MUST, NRS-2000 and CONUT) and three nutritional risk screening surveys (SCREEN 3, 8 and 14) were compared...

OBJECTIVES: The Sarcopenia Index (SI) has the potential as a biomarker for sarcopenia, which is characterized by muscle loss. There is a clear association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between SI and cognitive impairment is yet to be fully understood. METHODS: We employed data extracted from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 1999 to 2002. Our study encompassed individuals aged 65 to 80 who possessed accessible information regarding both SI and cognitive evaluations with a GFR ≥ 90...

PURPOSE: The aim of this review is the attempt to differentiating the pathophysiologic and clinical features of the aging-related sarcopenia from cancer-related sarcopenia. In fact, there is some controversy among the experts mainly regarding two points: is always sarcopenia, even that aging-related one, the expression of a generalized disease or may exist independently and without major alteration of the muscle function? Are always aging-related and cancer-related sarcopenia completely separated entities? RECENT FINDINGS: Literature shows that sarcopenia, defined as simple skeletal muscle mass loss, may range from a mainly focal problem which is common in many healthy elderly people, to a component of a complex multiorgan syndrome as cancer cachexia...

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease involving the reduction of muscle mass, strength, and performance. Handgrip strength (HGS) measurements included in frailty assessments are great biomarkers of aging and are related to functional deficits. We assessed the association between potential influencing factors and HGS asymmetry in older Peruvian adults. METHODS: We used a database of the Peruvian Naval Medical Center "Cirujano Santiago Távara" located in Callao, Peru...

BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disc degeneration and sarcopenia are both age-related diseases without effective treatments. Their comorbidities may worsen the prognosis, and further studies on interaction and therapy are needed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in intervertebral disc degeneration, and to compare the characteristics of intervertebral disc degeneration with and without sarcopenia and effects of interferential current. METHODS: One hundred twenty disc degeneration patients were included from 2021 to 2022 in a single institute...

This study used longitudinal data from CHARLS 2011-2018 for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and hearing impairment in middle-aged and elderly adults in China. The study selected 9723 participants aged 45 years and older from CHARLS 2011 and followed up in 2015 and 2018. Binary logistic regression and cox proportional risk regression models were used for testing. The results of the study showed that in the cross-sectional analysis, probable sarcopenia was significantly associated with hearing impairment compared with the group without sarcopenia [OR (95% CI) 0...

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia poses a risk factor for falls, disability, mortality, and unfavorable postoperative outcomes. Recently, the Ultrasound Sarcopenia Index (USI) has been validated to assess muscle mass, and this study aimed to apply the USI in the clinical setting. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 108 patients aged >65 years, hospitalized for proximal femoral traumatic fracture. Patients were divided into two groups based on anamnestic data: patients with independent walking (IW) and patients requiring walking aid (WA) before admission...

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, used to shrink tumors before surgery, is increasingly applied in clinical practice. However, retrospective studies indicate that it may increase sarcopenia rates and consequently result in an elevated occurrence rate of postoperative severe complications such as severe surgical incision infection, severe respiratory failure, and severe postoperative hemorrhage, especially in the elderly population. Currently, no systematic analysis examines the association between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and sarcopenia...

BACKGROUND: Untargeted metabolomics can be used to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. However, the metabolic signatures of sarcopenia patients have not been thoroughly investigated. Herein, we explored metabolites associated with sarcopenia by untargeted gas chromatography (GC)/liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and identified possible diagnostic markers. METHODS: Forty-eight elderly subjects with sarcopenia were age and sex matched with 48 elderly subjects without sarcopenia...