keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544384/identifying-of-immune-associated-genes-for-assessing-the-obesity-associated-risk-to-the-offspring-in-maternal-obesity-a%C3%A2-bioinformatics-and-machine-learning
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanxing Shang, Xueqin Wang, Sixuan Su, Feng Ji, Donghai Shao, Chengwei Duan, Tianpeng Chen, Caixia Liang, Dongmei Zhang, Hongjian Lu
BACKGROUND: Perinatal exposure to maternal obesity predisposes offspring to develop obesity later in life. Immune dysregulation in the hypothalamus, the brain center governing energy homeostasis, is pivotal in obesity development. This study aimed to identify key candidate genes associated with the risk of offspring obesity in maternal obesity. METHODS: We obtained obesity-related datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GSE135830 comprises gene expression data from the hypothalamus of mouse offspring in a maternal obesity model induced by a high-fat diet model (maternal high-fat diet (mHFD) group and maternal chow (mChow) group), while GSE127056 consists of hypothalamus microarray data from young adult mice with obesity (high-fat diet (HFD) and Chow groups)...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462167/central-mots-c-infusion-affects-reproductive-hormones-in-obese-and-non-obese-rats
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dilara Altay Ozturk Öztürk, Yavuz Erden, Suat Tekin
MOTS-c, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, acts as a systemic hormone and MOTS-c level is inversely correlated with markers of obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for male reproductive physiology and is expressed as an important cause of infertility. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of MOTS-c, which has been proven in the hypothalamus and testicles, on the actors involved in the reproductive axis. In the study, 80 male Wistar-Albino rats were divided into two main groups, obese and non-obese (n = 40)...
March 8, 2024: Neuroscience Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395148/effects-of-chronic-high-fat-diet-on-mediobasal-hypothalamic-satiety-neuron-function-in-pomc-cre-mice
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Özge Başer, Yavuz Yavuz, Deniz Öykü Özen, Hüseyin Buğra Özgün, Sami Ağuş, Cihan Civan Civaş, Deniz Atasoy, Bayram Yılmaz
OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of obesity has increased over the past three decades. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) play a vital role in induction of satiety. Chronic consumption of high-fat diet is known to reduce hypothalamic neuronal sensitivity to hormones like leptin, thus contributing to the development and persistence of obesity. The functional and morphological effects of a high-calorie diet on POMC neurons and how these effects contribute to the development and maintenance of the obese phenotype are not fully understood...
February 21, 2024: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386221/effect-of-intracerebroventricular-administration-of-galanin-like-peptide-on-hepatokines-in-c57bl-6%C3%A2-j-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Hirako, Nobuhiro Wada, Yuzuru Iizuka, Takahiro Hirabayashi, Haruaki Kageyama, Hyounju Kim, Naoko Kaibara, Naoko Yanagisawa, Fumiko Takenoya, Seiji Shioda
Galanin-like peptide (GALP) is a neuropeptide that was first isolated and identified from the porcine hypothalamus. Studies have described an anti-obesity effect of GALP. We previously found that intracerebroventricular administration of GALP in mice resulted in an increase in respiratory exchange rate 12 to 16 h later. GALP may also affect glucose metabolism, but the detailed mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of GALP on glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience: MN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350334/delivery-by-cesarean-section-leads-to-heavier-adult-bodyweight-in-prairie-voles-microtus-ochrogaster
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William M Kenkel, Sabreen Ahmed, Miranda Partie, Katelyn Rogers
Delivery by cesarean section now makes up 32.1 % of all births in the United States. Meta-analyses have estimated that delivery by cesarean section is associated with a > 50 % increased risk for childhood obesity by 5 years of age. While this association is independent of maternal obesity, breastfeeding, and heritable factors, studies in humans have been unable to test for a causal role of cesarean delivery in this regard. Here, we set out to use an animal model to experimentally test whether delivery by cesarean section would increase offspring weight in adulthood...
February 12, 2024: Hormones and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38164476/injection-of-resistin-into-the-paraventricular-nucleus-produces-a-cardiovascular-response-that-may-be-mediated-by-glutamatergic-transmission-in-the-rostral-ventrolateral-medulla
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abolfazl Akbari, Gholamali Jelodar, Saeid Hosseinzadeh
OBJECTIVES: High levels of resistin are associated with metabolic diseases and their complications, including hypertension. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is also involved in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. Therefore, this study aimed to study cardiovascular (CV) responses evoked by the injection of resistin into the lateral ventricle (LV) and PVN and determine the mechanism of these responses in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) were evaluated in urethane-anesthetized male rats (1...
2024: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38072036/intermittent-fasting-disrupts-hippocampal-dependent-memory-and-norepinephrine-content-in-aged-male-and-female-mice
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberly Wiersielis, Ali Yasrebi, Thomas Degroat, Nadja Knox, Catherine Rojas, Samantha Feltri, Troy A Roepke
Intermittent fasting (IMF) is associated with many health benefits in animals and humans. Yet, little is known if an IMF diet affects mood and cognitive processing. We have previously identified that IMF in diet-induced obese males increases norepinephrine and dopamine content in the hypothalamus and increase arcuate neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene expression more than in ad libitum control males. This suggests that IMF may improve cognition through activation of the hindbrain norepinephrine neuronal network and reverse the age-dependent decline in NPY expression...
December 8, 2023: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37867217/maternal-high-fat-diet-in-lactation-impacts-hypothalamic-neurogenesis-and-neurotrophic-development-leading-to-later-life-susceptibility-to-obesity-in-male-but-not-female-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanchao Xu, Dengbao Yang, Lu Wang, Elżbieta Król, Mohsen Mazidi, Li Li, Yi Huang, Chaoqun Niu, Xue Liu, Sin Man Lam, Guanghou Shui, Alex Douglas, John R Speakman
Early life nutrition can reprogram development and exert long-term consequences on body weight regulation. In mice, maternal high-fat diet (HFD) during lactation predisposed male but not female offspring to diet-induced obesity when adult. Molecular and cellular changes in the hypothalamus at important time points are examined in the early postnatal life in relation to maternal diet and demonstrated sex-differential hypothalamic reprogramming. Maternal HFD in lactation decreased the neurotropic development of neurons formed at the embryo stage (e12...
October 22, 2023: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37648849/an-orexigenic-subnetwork-within-the-human-hippocampus
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel A N Barbosa, Sandra Gattas, Juliana S Salgado, Fiene Marie Kuijper, Allan R Wang, Yuhao Huang, Bina Kakusa, Christoph Leuze, Artur Luczak, Paul Rapp, Robert C Malenka, Dora Hermes, Kai J Miller, Boris D Heifets, Cara Bohon, Jennifer A McNab, Casey H Halpern
Only recently have more specific circuit-probing techniques become available to inform previous reports implicating the rodent hippocampus in orexigenic appetitive processing1-4 . This function has been reported to be mediated at least in part by lateral hypothalamic inputs, including those involving orexigenic lateral hypothalamic neuropeptides, such as melanin-concentrating hormone5,6 . This circuit, however, remains elusive in humans. Here we combine tractography, intracranial electrophysiology, cortico-subcortical evoked potentials, and brain-clearing 3D histology to identify an orexigenic circuit involving the lateral hypothalamus and converging in a hippocampal subregion...
August 30, 2023: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37600007/free-choice-high-fat-diet-consumption-reduces-lateral-hypothalamic-gabaergic-activity-without-disturbing-neural-response-to-sucrose-drinking-in-mice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margo Slomp, Laura L Koekkoek, Michael Mutersbaugh, Ian Linville, Serge H Luquet, Susanne E la Fleur
Nutrition can influence the brain and affect its regulation of food intake, especially that of high-palatable foods. We hypothesize that fat and sugar have interacting effects on the brain, and the lateral hypothalamus (LH) is a prime candidate to be involved in this interaction. The LH is a heterogeneous area, crucial for regulating consummatory behaviors, and integrating homeostatic and hedonic needs. GABAergic LH neurons stimulate feeding when activated, and are responsive to consummatory behavior while encoding sucrose palatability...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37476304/habitual-behaviour-associated-with-exposure-to-high-calorie-diet-is-prevented-by-an-orexin-receptor-1-antagonist
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sam Merlin, Teri M Furlong
Habitual actions, which are associated with addictive behaviours, contribute to the loss of control of food seeking seen following exposure to calorie-dense foods in rats. Antagonism of orexin-receptor-1 (ORX-R1) has been shown to reduce a range of stimulus-driven feeding behaviours, but have yet to be implicated in the regulation of habitual actions. In the current study, male Long-Evans rats were given 'binge-like' access to high-calorie diet (HCD) or standard chow diet, and were subsequently trained to press a lever for food outcome...
December 2022: Addict Neurosci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37442357/sweet-taste-preference-is-associated-with-greater-hypothalamic-response-to-glucose-and-longitudinal-weight-gain
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra G Yunker, Sandhya P Chakravartti, Stephanie Kullmann, Ralf Veit, Brendan Angelo, Kay Jann, John R Monterosso, Kathleen A Page
The hypothalamus has an abundant expression of sweet taste receptors that play a role in glucose sensing and energy homeostasis. Evidence suggests that liking "sweets" can be associated with weight gain, but the relationship between sweet taste preference and hypothalamic regulation of appetite is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that sweet taste preference is associated with increased hypothalamic activation in response to glucose (a purported neural marker for weight gain risk) and greater longitudinal increases in body mass index (BMI)...
July 11, 2023: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37353461/control-of-energy-homeostasis-by-the-lateral-hypothalamic-area
#13
REVIEW
Mark A Rossi
The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is a subcortical brain region that exerts control over motivated behavior, feeding, and energy balance across species. Recent single-cell sequencing studies have defined at least 30 distinct LHA neuron types. Some of these influence specific aspects of energy homeostasis; however, the functions of many LHA cell types remain unclear. This review addresses the rapidly emerging evidence from cell-type-specific investigations that the LHA leverages distinct neuron populations to regulate energy balance through complex connections with other brain regions...
June 21, 2023: Trends in Neurosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37295418/critical-role-of-lateral-habenula-circuits-in-the-control-of-stress-induced-palatable-food-consumption
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chi Kin Ip, Jemma Rezitis, Yue Qi, Nikita Bajaj, Julia Koller, Aitak Farzi, Yan-Chuan Shi, Ramon Tasan, Lei Zhang, Herbert Herzog
Chronic stress fuels the consumption of palatable food and can enhance obesity development. While stress- and feeding-controlling pathways have been identified, how stress-induced feeding is orchestrated remains unknown. Here, we identify lateral habenula (LHb) Npy1r-expressing neurons as the critical node for promoting hedonic feeding under stress, since lack of Npy1r in these neurons alleviates the obesifying effects caused by combined stress and high fat feeding (HFDS) in mice. Mechanistically, this is due to a circuit originating from central amygdala NPY neurons, with the upregulation of NPY induced by HFDS initiating a dual inhibitory effect via Npy1r signaling onto LHb and lateral hypothalamus neurons, thereby reducing the homeostatic satiety effect through action on the downstream ventral tegmental area...
August 16, 2023: Neuron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37196819/voluntary-physical-activity-modulates-self-selection-of-a-high-caloric-choice-diet-in-male-wistar-rats
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muzeyyen Ugur, Isabel Pieterse, Gideon F Meerhoff, Leslie Eggels, Khalid Lamuadni, Unga A Unmehopa, Jan Booij, Susanne E la Fleur, Joram D Mul
Physical exercise training has been positioned as a behavioral strategy to prevent or alleviate obesity via promotion of energy expenditure as well as modulation of energy intake resulting from changes in dietary preference. Brain adaptations underlying the latter process are incompletely understood. Voluntary wheel running (VWR) is a self-reinforcing rodent paradigm that mimics aspects of human physical exercise training. Behavioral and mechanistic insight from such fundamental studies can help optimize therapies that improve body weight and metabolic health based on physical exercise training in humans...
May 15, 2023: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37171957/lateral-septum-as-a-melanocortin-downstream-site-in-obesity-development
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanzhong Xu, Zhiying Jiang, Hongli Li, Jing Cai, Yanyan Jiang, Joshua Otiz-Guzman, Yong Xu, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Qingchun Tong
The melanocortin pathway is well established to be critical for body-weight regulation in both rodents and humans. Despite extensive studies focusing on this pathway, the downstream brain sites that mediate its action are not clear. Here, we found that, among the known paraventricular hypothalamic (PVH) neuron groups, those expressing melanocortin receptors 4 (PVHMc4R ) preferably project to the ventral part of the lateral septum (LSv), a brain region known to be involved in emotional behaviors. Photostimulation of PVHMc4R neuron terminals in the LSv reduces feeding and causes aversion, whereas deletion of Mc4Rs or disruption of glutamate release from LSv-projecting PVH neurons causes obesity...
May 11, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37078546/glutamatergic-melanocortin-4-receptor-neurons-regulate-body-weight
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haodong Liu, Xiaojing Li, Penghui Li, Rihan Hai, Jiacheng Li, Qi Fan, Xing Wang, Yujie Chen, Xiaojuan Cao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Ruifeng Gao, Kun Wang, Chenguang Du
The locus coeruleus (LC), enriched in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGlut2) neurons, is a potential homeostasis-regulating hub. However, the identity of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, PVNVGlut2::MC4R and LCVGlut2::MC4R regulation of body weight, and axonal projections of LCVGlut2 neurons remain unclear. Conditional knockout of MC4R in chimeric mice was used to confirm the effects of VGlut2. Interscapular brown adipose tissue was injected with pseudorabies virus to study the central nervous system projections...
May 2023: FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36977433/orexin-induces-the-production-of-an-endocannabinoid-derived-lysophosphatidic-acid-eliciting-hypothalamic-synaptic-loss-in-obesity
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alba Clara Fernández-Rilo, Nicola Forte, Letizia Palomba, Lea Tunisi, Fabiana Piscitelli, Roberta Imperatore, Alfonso Di Costanzo, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Luigia Cristino
OBJECTIVE: Orexin-A (OX-A) is a neuropeptide produced selectively by neurons of the lateral hypothalamus. It exerts powerful control over brain function and physiology by regulating energy homeostasis and complex behaviors linked to arousal. Under conditions of chronic or acute brain leptin signaling deficiency, such as in obesity or short-term food deprivation, respectively, OX-A neurons become hyperactive and promote hyperarousal and food seeking. However, this leptin-dependent mechanism is still mostly unexplored...
March 26, 2023: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36909586/a-molecularly-distinct-accumbal-to-lateral-hypothalamic-circuit-modulates-food-seeking-and-consumption
#19
Yiqiong Liu, Zheng-Dong Zhao, Guoguang Xie, Renchao Chen, Yi Zhang
Understanding the mechanism of energy homeostasis is expected to lead to effective treatment to obesity and metabolic diseases 1,2 . However, energy homeostasis is a complicated process largely controlled by neuronal circuits in the hypothalamus and brainstem 3-5 , whereas reward and motivation of food intake are mainly controlled by the limbic regions 6 and cerebral cortex 7,8 . Although the limbic and hypothalamus connection like Nucleus Accumbens shell (NAcSh) to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) circuit has been reported to regulate feeding 9,10 , the neuron subtypes involved, and how do the humoral/neuronal signals coordinate to direct feeding behavior remain unknown...
February 28, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36898526/maternal-overnutrition-is-associated-with-altered-synaptic-input-to-lateral-hypothalamic-area
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kuldeep Shrivastava, Thaarini Swaminathan, Alessandro Barlotta, Vikshar Athreya, Hassan Choudhry, Mark A Rossi
OBJECTIVE: Maternal overnutrition is associated with adverse outcomes in offspring, including increased risk for obesity and diabetes. Here, we aim to test the effects of maternal obesity on lateral hypothalamic feeding circuit function and determine the relationship with body weight regulation. METHODS: Using a mouse model of maternal obesity, we assessed how perinatal overnutrition affected food intake and body weight regulation in adult offspring. We then used channelrhodopsin-assisted circuit mapping and electrophysiological recordings to assess the synaptic connectivity within an extended amygdala-lateral hypothalamic pathway...
March 8, 2023: Molecular Metabolism
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