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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carly M Moreno, Margaret Bernish, Meredith G Meyer, Zuchuan Li, Nicole Waite, Natalie R Cohen, Oscar Schofield, Adrian Marchetti
The continental shelf of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a highly variable system characterized by strong cross-shelf gradients, rapid regional change, and large blooms of phytoplankton, notably diatoms. Rapid environmental changes coincide with shifts in plankton community composition and productivity, food web dynamics, and biogeochemistry. Despite the progress in identifying important environmental factors influencing plankton community composition in the WAP, the molecular basis for their survival in this oceanic region, as well as variations in species abundance, metabolism, and distribution, remains largely unresolved...
February 27, 2024: MSystems
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elvira Bayramova, Darya Petrova, Artyom Marchenkov, Alexey Morozov, Yuri Galachyants, Yulia Zakharova, Yekaterina Bedoshvili, Yelena Likhoshway
Diatoms are a group of unicellular eukaryotes that are essential primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. The dynamic nature of their habitat necessitates a quick and specific response to various stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms of their physiological adaptations are still underexplored. In this work, we study the response of the cosmopolitan freshwater diatom Ulnaria acus (Bacillariophyceae, Fragilariophycidae, Licmophorales, Ulnariaceae, Ulnaria ) in relation to a range of stress factors, namely silica deficiency, prolonged cultivation, and interaction with an algicidal bacterium...
February 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khanakorn Phonsiri, Benjamin Geffroy, Jep Lokesh, Alexander Goikoetxea, Sandrine Skiba-Cassy, Stephane Panserat
The present study aims to investigate nutritional programming through early starvation in the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). European seabass larvae were fasted at three different developmental periods for three durations from 60 to 65 dph (F1), 81 to 87 dph (F2), and 123 to 133 dph (F3). Immediate effects were investigated by studying gene expression of npy (neuropeptide Y) and avt (Arginine vasotocin) in the head, while potential long-term effects (i.e., programming) were evaluated on intermediary metabolism later in life (in juveniles)...
February 17, 2024: Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evan K Noch, Laura Palma, Isaiah Yim, Nayah Bullen, Daniel Barnett, Alexander Walsh, Bhavneet Bhinder, Elisa Benedetti, Jan Krumsiek, Justin Gurvitch, Sumaiyah Khwaja, Daphne Atlas, Olivier Elemento, Lewis C Cantley
Glucose and amino acid metabolism are critical for glioblastoma (GBM) growth, but little is known about the specific metabolic alterations in GBM that are targetable with FDA-approved compounds. To investigate tumor metabolism signatures unique to GBM, we interrogated The Cancer Genome Atlas for alterations in glucose and amino acid signatures in GBM relative to other human cancers and found that GBM exhibits the highest levels of cysteine and methionine pathway gene expression of 32 human cancers. Treatment of patient-derived GBM cells with the FDA-approved single cysteine compound N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced GBM cell growth and mitochondrial oxygen consumption, which was worsened by glucose starvation...
February 20, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa, Guillermo Martín-Gutiérrez, Carlos S Casimiro-Soriguer, María Adelina Gimeno-Gascón, José Miguel Cisneros, Arístides de Alarcón, José Antonio Lepe
Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Enterococcus spp. represents the third most common cause of IE, with high rates of relapse compared with other bacteria. Interestingly, late relapses (>6 months) have only been described in Enterococcus faecalis, but here we describe the first reported IE relapse with Enterococcus faecium more than a year (17 months) after the initial endocarditis episode. Firstly, by multi locus sequence typing (MLST), we demonstrated that both isolates (EF646 and EF641) belong to the same sequence type (ST117)...
February 13, 2024: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Koch, Günter G Lehretz, Uwe Sonnewald, Sophia Sonnewald
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are a fundamental staple for millions of people worldwide. They provide essential amino acids, vitamins, and starch - a vital component of the human diet, providing energy and serving as a source of fiber. Unfortunately, global warming is posing a severe threat to this crop, leading to significant yield losses, and thereby endangering global food security. Industrial agriculture traditionally relies on excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization to boost yields. However, it remains uncertain whether this is effective in combating heat-related yield losses of potato...
February 9, 2024: Plant Journal
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ping Ying Lye, Chika Shiraki, Yuta Fukushima, Keiko Takaki, Mervyn Wing On Liew, Masafumi Yamamoto, Keiji Wakabayashi, Hajime Mori, Eiji Kotani
Energy reserves, primarily stored in the insect's fat body, are essential for physiological processes such as reproduction and cocoon formation. However, whether these processes are mutually constraining is unknown. Here, we showed that cocoon-free silkworms accumulate amino acid constituents of silk proteins in the hemolymph and maintain lipid and sugar reserves in the pupal fat body by repressing the expression of sericin and fibroin genes in the middle and posterior silk glands, respectively, via butterfly pierisin-1A catalytic domain expression...
February 16, 2024: IScience
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fanbin Zhan, Qingqing Li, Huiwen Feng, Ruikang Lin, Weiming Liang, Li Lin, Zhendong Qin
Clarias gariepinus is an important freshwater fish with high economic value and breeding potential in China. It is a fast-growing and adaptable catfish, but the main problems facing the current market are its low price and poor taste, although starvation is a good solution to these problems. In this study, the effects of starvation on the physiology, biochemistry, and muscle quality of C. gariepinus were investigated. The results showed that compared with the control group, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the starvation group were significantly different...
February 1, 2024: Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanley C Xie, Yinuo Wang, Craig J Morton, Riley D Metcalfe, Con Dogovski, Charisse Flerida A Pasaje, Elyse Dunn, Madeline R Luth, Krittikorn Kumpornsin, Eva S Istvan, Joon Sung Park, Kate J Fairhurst, Nutpakal Ketprasit, Tomas Yeo, Okan Yildirim, Mathamsanqa N Bhebhe, Dana M Klug, Peter J Rutledge, Luiz C Godoy, Sumanta Dey, Mariana Laureano De Souza, Jair L Siqueira-Neto, Yawei Du, Tanya Puhalovich, Mona Amini, Gerry Shami, Duangkamon Loesbanluechai, Shuai Nie, Nicholas Williamson, Gouranga P Jana, Bikash C Maity, Patrick Thomson, Thomas Foley, Derek S Tan, Jacquin C Niles, Byung Woo Han, Daniel E Goldberg, Jeremy Burrows, David A Fidock, Marcus C S Lee, Elizabeth A Winzeler, Michael D W Griffin, Matthew H Todd, Leann Tilley
Malaria poses an enormous threat to human health. With ever increasing resistance to currently deployed drugs, breakthrough compounds with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. Here, we explore pyrimidine-based sulfonamides as a new low molecular weight inhibitor class with drug-like physical parameters and a synthetically accessible scaffold. We show that the exemplar, OSM-S-106, has potent activity against parasite cultures, low mammalian cell toxicity and low propensity for resistance development...
January 31, 2024: Nature Communications
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingtong Meng, Jingpeng Yang, Yang Gao, Qinyan Cao, Shunjie Jiang, Yuyang Xiao, Haoran Wang, Wenzheng Liu, Ahu Yuan, Yanan Li, He Huang
Targeting nutrient metabolism has been proposed as an effective therapeutic strategy to combat breast cancer because of its high nutrient requirements. However, metabolic plasticity enables breast cancer cells to survive under unfavorable starvation conditions. The key mammalian target regulators rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible-factor-1 (HIF-1) tightly link the dynamic metabolism of glutamine and glucose to maintain nutrient flux. Blocking nutrient flow also induces autophagy to recycle nutrients in the autophagosome, which exacerbates metastasis and tumor progression...
January 26, 2024: ACS Nano
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xilin Dai, Xuenan Li, Danhui Yin, Xin Chen, Linwei Wang, Luyao Pang, Yuanshuai Fu
The recent scarcity of fishmeal and other resources means that studies on the intrinsic mechanisms of nutrients in the growth and development of aquatic animals at the molecular level have received widespread attention. The target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway has been reported to receive signals from nutrients and environmental stresses, and regulates cellular anabolism and catabolism to achieve precise regulation of cell growth and physiological activities. In this study, we cloned and characterized the full-length cDNA sequence of the TOR gene of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (MrTOR)...
January 24, 2024: Scientific Reports
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas C Poulton, Michael A DeJesus, Vanisha Munsamy-Govender, Mariko Kanai, Cameron G Roberts, Zachary A Azadian, Barbara Bosch, Karl Matthew Lin, Shuqi Li, Jeremy M Rock
Pathogenic mycobacteria are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The conserved whiB7 stress response reduces the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy by activating several intrinsic antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Despite our comprehensive biochemical understanding of WhiB7, the complex set of signals that induce whiB7 expression remain less clear. We employed a reporter-based, genome-wide CRISPRi epistasis screen to identify a diverse set of 150 mycobacterial genes whose inhibition results in constitutive whiB7 expression...
January 9, 2024: Cell Chemical Biology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Swati Gaikwad, Fardin Ghobakhlou, Hongen Zhang, Alan G Hinnebusch
Initiating translation of most eukaryotic mRNAs depends on recruitment of methionyl initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) in a ternary complex (TC) with GTP-bound eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) to the small (40S) ribosomal subunit, forming a 43S preinitiation complex (PIC) that attaches to the mRNA and scans the 5'-untranslated region (5' UTR) for an AUG start codon. Previous studies have implicated mammalian eIF2A in GTP-independent binding of Met-tRNAi to the 40S subunit and its recruitment to specialized mRNAs that do not require scanning, and in initiation at non-AUG start codons, when eIF2 function is attenuated by phosphorylation of its α-subunit during stress...
January 24, 2024: ELife
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madoka Amahisa, Madoka Tsukagoshi, Chihiro Kadooka, Shunsuke Masuo, Norio Takeshita, Yuki Doi, Hiroshi Takagi, Naoki Takaya
Nitric oxide (NO) is a natural reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that alters proteins, DNA, and lipids and damages biological activities. Although microorganisms respond to and detoxify NO, the regulation of the cellular metabolic mechanisms that cause cells to tolerate RNS toxicity is not completely understood. We found that the proline and arginine auxotrophic proA5 and argB2 mutants of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans require more arginine and proline for normal growth under RNS stress that starves cells by accumulating fewer amino acids...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mating-induced increase of kynurenine in Drosophila ovary enhances starvation resistance of progeny.
Naoto Hikawa, Soshiro Kashio, Masayuki Miura
The maternal nutritional environment can impact progeny development, stress tolerance, and longevity. Such phenotypic variation of offspring resulting from the maternal environment is often referred to as the 'maternal effect' and is observed across taxa, including in humans. While some mechanisms behind maternal effects have been revealed, such as histone modification, many studies rely on drastic genetic or nutritional manipulation in describing these mechanisms. Here we aimed to reveal how the maternal environment is regulated under physiological conditions to affect the progeny...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karlton R Larson, Devi Jayakrishnan, Karla A Soto Sauza, Michael L Goodson, Aki T Chaffin, Arik Davidyan, Suraj Pathak, Yanbin Fang, Diego Gonzalez Magaña, Benjamin F Miller, Karen K Ryan
Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) is an intercellular signaling molecule secreted by metabolic organs, including skeletal muscle, in response to intracellular stress. FGF21 crosses the blood brain barrier and acts via the nervous system to coordinate aspects of the adaptive starvation response, including increased lipolysis, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Given its beneficial effects for hepatic lipid metabolism, pharmaceutical FGF21 analogues are in clinical trials treatment of fatty liver disease...
January 19, 2024: Endocrinology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Guarini, Elie Saliba, Bruno André
Plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPases of the P-type family are highly conserved in yeast, other fungi, and plants. Their main role is to establish an H+ gradient driving active transport of small ions and metabolites across the PM and providing the main component of the PM potential. Furthermore, in both yeast and plant cells, conditions have been described under which active H+-ATPases promote activation of TORC1, the rapamycin-sensitive kinase complex controlling cell growth. Fungal and plant PM H+-ATPases are self-inhibited by their respective cytosolic carboxyterminal tails unless this domain is phosphorylated at specific residues...
January 16, 2024: PLoS Genetics
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona Nazemi, Bian Yanes, Montserrat Llanses Martinez, Heather J Walker, Khoa Pham, Mark O Collins, Frederic Bard, Elena Rainero
Breast tumours are embedded in a collagen I-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) network, where nutrients are scarce due to limited blood flow and elevated tumour growth. Metabolic adaptation is required for cancer cells to endure these conditions. Here, we demonstrated that the presence of ECM supported the growth of invasive breast cancer cells, but not non-transformed mammary epithelial cells, under amino acid starvation, through a mechanism that required macropinocytosis-dependent ECM uptake. Importantly, we showed that this behaviour was acquired during carcinoma progression...
January 2024: PLoS Biology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Wleklik, Szymon Stefaniak, Katarzyna Nuc, Małgorzata Pietrowska-Borek, Sławomir Borek
Autophagy is a fundamental process for plants that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting survival in response to various environmental stresses. One of the lesser-known stages of plant autophagy is the degradation of autophagic bodies in vacuoles. To this day, no plant vacuolar enzyme has been confirmed to be involved in this process. On the other hand, several enzymes have been described in yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ), including Atg15, that possess lipolytic activity...
December 20, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y C Wang, J Li, Y T Guo, J Li, J Y Lin
Objective: To analyze the clinical pathological and genetic mutation characteristics of conjunctival lymphoepithelial carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted. Data from three patients diagnosed with conjunctival lymphoepithelial carcinoma and treated with tumor resection surgery at Tianjin Eye Hospital from January 2006 to December 2022 were collected. Four paraffin specimens (including one patient undergoing two surgeries) were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for epithelial antigen and lymphocytic antigen...
January 11, 2024: [Zhonghua Yan Ke za Zhi] Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
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