keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357896/pharmacological-management-of-gambling-disorder-an-update-of-the-literature
#21
REVIEW
Gemma Mestre-Bach, Marc N Potenza
INTRODUCTION: Gambling disorder (GD) is a mental health condition characterized by persistent and problematic betting behavior. GD generates distress and impairment, and treatment options include psychological and pharmacological interventions. AREAS COVERED: This narrative review explores existing pharmacological treatments for GD. The following classes of medications were considered: opioid-receptor antagonists (e.g. naltrexone and nalmefene), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e...
February 15, 2024: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329803/the-role-of-qrs-complex-prolongation-in-predicting-severe-toxicity-in-single-xenobiotic-overdose
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Simon, Sabrina Kaplan, Karen Muschler, Christopher Hoyte, Jeffrey Brent
OBJECTIVE: The QRS complex duration is commonly used to prognosticate severity, predict outcomes, and indicate treatment in overdose. However, literature to support this practice is mixed in tricyclic antidepressant overdoses and absent in non-tricyclic antidepressant overdoses. Our objective was to assess the validity of QRS complex duration as a prognostic marker in overdose. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of cases reported to the Toxicology Investigators Consortium between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2022...
February 8, 2024: Clinical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321601/changes-in-psychotropic-drug-concentrations-across-the-menstrual-cycle-a-pilot-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Spadi, Maike Scherf-Clavel, Anna Linda Leutritz, Barbara Hütz, Maria Matentzoglu, Matthias Nieberler, Max Kurlbaum, Stefanie Hahner, Catharina Bartmann, Rhiannon V McNeill, Sarah Kittel-Schneider
BACKGROUND: The escalating prescription of psychopharmacological medications to women of reproductive age underscores the growing significance of sex-specific variations in pharmacotherapy. Despite this, clinical trials have largely overlooked these differences. Preliminary data indicate sex-specific variations in the neurobiology of affective disorders and in the metabolism, pharmacodynamics, and kinetics of therapeutic drugs. This underscores the imperative for a more nuanced exploration of menstrual cycle-dependent fluctuations in psychotropic drugs...
January 30, 2024: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38300925/pharmacogenomics-of-poor-drug-metabolism-in-greyhounds-canine-p450-oxidoreductase-genetic-variation-breed-heterogeneity-and-functional-characterization
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie E Martinez, Amit V Pandey, Tania E Perez Jimenez, Zhaohui Zhu, Michael H Court
Greyhounds metabolize cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B11 substrates more slowly than other dog breeds. However, CYP2B11 gene variants associated with decreased CYP2B11 expression do not fully explain reduced CYP2B11 activity in this breed. P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is an essential redox partner for all CYPs. POR protein variants can enhance or repress CYP enzyme function in a CYP isoform and substrate dependent manner. The study objectives were to identify POR protein variants in greyhounds and determine their effect on coexpressed CYP2B11 and CYP2D15 enzyme function...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291203/cost-effectiveness-of-weight-management-pharmacotherapies-in-canada-a-societal-perspective
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anamaria-Vera Olivieri, Sergey Muratov, Sara Larsen, Maria Luckevich, Katalina Chan, Mark Lamotte, David C W Lau
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of weight-management pharmacotherapies approved by Canada Health, i.e., orlistat, naltrexone 32 mg/bupropion 360 mg (NB-32), liraglutide 3.0 mg and semaglutide 2.4 mg as compared to the current standard of care (SoC). METHODS: Analyses were conducted using a cohort with a mean starting age 50 years, body mass index (BMI) 37.5 kg/m2 , and 27.6% having type 2 diabetes...
January 31, 2024: International Journal of Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287888/update-lessons-from-pet-imaging-part-ii-a-systematic-critical-review-on-therapeutic-plasma-concentrations-of-antidepressants
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xenia M Hart, Moritz Spangemacher, Julie Defert, Hiroyuki Uchida, Gerhard Gründer
BACKGROUND: Compared with antipsychotics, the relationship between antidepressant blood (plasma or serum) concentrations and target engagement is less well-established. METHODS: We have discussed the literature on the relationship between plasma concentrations of antidepressant drugs and their target occupancy. Antidepressants reviewed in this work are citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, duloxetine, milnacipran, tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, and clomipramine), bupropion, tranylcypromine, moclobemide, and vortioxetine...
April 1, 2024: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287140/association-of-patient-characteristics-and-insurance-type-with-anti-obesity-medications-prescribing-and-fills
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hamlet Gasoyan, Elizabeth R Pfoh, Rebecca Schulte, Erin Sullivan, Phuc Le, Michael B Rothberg
AIM: To characterize factors associated with the receipt of anti-obesity medication (AOM) prescription and fill. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from 1 January 2015 to 30 June 2023, in a large health system in Ohio and Florida. Adults with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 who attended ≥1 weight-management programme or had an initial AOM prescription between 1 July 2015 and 31 December 2022, were included...
January 29, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275114/trends-and-outcomes-associated-with-bariatric-surgery-and-pharmacotherapies-with-weight-loss-effects-among-patients-with-heart-failure-and-obesity
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amgad Mentias, Milind Y Desai, Ali Aminian, Kershaw V Patel, Neil Keshvani, Subodh Verma, Leslie Cho, Miriam Jacob, Paulino Alvarez, A Michael Lincoff, Harriette G C Van Spall, Carolyn S P Lam, Javed Butler, Steven E Nissen, Ambarish Pandey
BACKGROUND: Utilization patterns of bariatric surgery among older patients with heart failure (HF), and the associations with cardiovascular outcomes, are not well known. METHODS: Medicare beneficiaries with HF and at least class II obesity from 2013 to 2020 were identified with Medicare Provider Analysis and Review 100% inpatient files and Medicare 5% outpatient files. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery were matched to controls in a 1:2 ratio (matched on exact age, sex, race, body mass index, HF encounter year, and HF hospitalization rate pre-surgery/matched period)...
February 2024: Circulation. Heart Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38270613/midostaurin-drug-interaction-profile-a-comprehensive-assessment-of-cyp3a-cyp2b6-and-cyp2c8-drug-substrates-and-oral-contraceptives-in-healthy-participants
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Romain Sechaud, Helen Gu, Gholamreza Rahmanzadeh, Amanda Taylor, Ovidiu Chiparus, Gopal Krishna Sharma, Astrid Breitschaft, Hans D Menssen
PURPOSE: Midostaurin, approved for treating FLT-3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia and advanced systemic mastocytosis, is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 to two major metabolites, and may inhibit and/or induce CYP3A, CYP2B6, and CYP2C8. Two studies investigated the impact of midostaurin on CYP substrate drugs and oral contraceptives in healthy participants. METHODS: Using sentinel dosing for participants' safety, the effects of midostaurin at steady state following 25-day (Study 1) or 24-day (Study 2) dosing with 50 mg twice daily were evaluated on CYP substrates, midazolam (CYP3A4), bupropion (CYP2B6), and pioglitazone (CYP2C8) in Study 1; and monophasic oral contraceptives (containing ethinylestradiol [EES] and levonorgestrel [LVG]) in Study 2...
January 25, 2024: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38258889/integrative-treatment-for-substance-use-disorders-improving-outcomes-through-evidence-based-practice-of-yoga-derived-breathwork-and-meditation
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ameya Krishnan
BACKGROUND: Among 20.4 million US adults diagnosed with substance use disorders (SUDs), up to 60% return to use despite treatment or attempted abstinence. Standard care for SUDs is pharmacotherapy and/or behavioral interventions in either an inpatient or outpatient setting. Both national and international epidemiological data suggest this approach to treatment is insufficient and use of an integrative protocol can better promote recovery. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of integrating yoga-derived breathwork and meditation into substance use treatment with emphasis on a specific practice, Sudarshan Kriya yoga (SKY)...
January 23, 2024: Journal of Addiction Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38239268/bupropion-and-varenicline-administration-reversed-depressive-behavior-induced-by-acetamiprid-exposure-in-mice-the-role-of-nachrs-in-depression
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Azadeh Mesripour, Leila Soltani, Mehdi Aliomrani
Acetamiprid (ACE), is a popular neonicotinoid pesticide, that has a high affinity for mammalian nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Therefore, ACE might induce depressive effects by perturbing the cholinergic system in mammalian. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ACE exposure on depressive-like behaviors and grip strength (GS) in mice. Also the possible role of nAChR activation in depression was assessed by varenicline, and bupropion. Male Swiss mice (27 ± 2 g) were daily exposed to ACE by gavage (0...
February 2024: Toxicology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238235/the-association-of-antidepressant-use-and-impulse-control-disorder-in-parkinson-s-disease
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher B Morrow, Jared T Hinkle, Joseph Seemiller, Kelly A Mills, Gregory M Pontone
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether initiation of an antidepressant is associated with the development of impulse control disorder (ICD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). DESIGN: We performed a retrospective analysis utilizing data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Two-sample Mann-Whitney tests were used for comparison of continuous variables and Pearson χ2 tests were used for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the hazard of ICD with antidepressant exposure...
January 3, 2024: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38231583/bupropion-overdose-and-acute-renal-failure
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
İbrahim Altundağ, Rıza Çete, İbrahim Halil Toksul, Semih Korkut, Aynur Şahin
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 2024: American Journal of Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38231578/dextromethorphan-bupropion-a-novel-treatment-for-patients-with-major-depressive-disorder
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine C Willett, LeDea R Bond, Amanda M Morrill, Dima Lorena, Ifteni Petru
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of people and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Patients report decreased quality of life and ability to perform activities of daily living. It is estimated that the current standard of care, which includes pharmacologic therapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is effective in 40%-60%. Additional treatment options are warranted. The combination of dextromethorphan (DEX) and bupropion (BUP) (Auveulty) was approved for treatment in 2022...
January 2024: American Journal of Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38226123/a-case-of-chronic-eosinophilic-pneumonia-associated-with-the-use-of-weight-loss-combination-medication-naltrexone-bupropion
#35
Anastasia Schuldt, Asif Najmuddin, Munish Sharma, Salim Surani
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is not a commonly encountered pulmonary disease that presents with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates accompanied by peripheral and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophilia. Recovery is rapid with systemic steroids but has frequent recurrences. We present a case with the classic presentation of CEP that appears to be related to a weight loss medication called naltrexone-bupropion. This case is unique in that this drug combination does not appear to have an established link to CEP, though literature reveals possible association with its individual components...
December 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38222292/first-time-orgasm-in-a-young-man-with-lifelong-anorgasmia-after-flibanserin-use-a-case-report
#36
Gal Saffati, Taher Naeem, Basil Kaaki, Mohit Khera
INTRODUCTION: Anorgasmia is a poorly understood phenomenon defined as either a lifelong or acquired consistent inability to achieve ejaculation. Despite the prevalence of anorgasmia, there is currently no established treatment for the condition. AIMS: To report a unique case of a patient with lifelong anorgasmia who was able to achieve his first orgasm with off-label use of flibanserin. METHODS: The present case study relies on the patient's self-report and a review of the relevant literature...
December 2023: Sexual Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38214664/associations-of-prevalence-of-e-cigarette-use-with-quit-attempts-quit-success-use-of-smoking-cessation-medication-and-the-overall-quit-rate-among-smokers-in-england-a-time-series-analysis-of-population-trends-2007-2022
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah E Jackson, Jamie Brown, Emma Beard
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to: (i) provide up-to-date estimates of how changes in prevalence of e-cigarette use have been associated with changes in smoking cessation activities and use of licensed treatments among smokers in England; and (ii) explore any changes in these associations over time. METHODS: Data were aggregated quarterly on 67,548 past-year smokers between Q1-2007 and Q4-2022. Explanatory variables were prevalence of (i) current e-cigarette use among smokers and (ii) e-cigarette use during a quit attempt...
January 12, 2024: Nicotine & Tobacco Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38206930/a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-multicentre-trial-on-the-efficacy-of-varenicline-and-bupropion-in-combination-and-alone-for-treatment-of-alcohol-use-disorder-protocol-for-the-comb-study
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea de Bejczy, Helga Lidö, Bo Söderpalm
BACKGROUND: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a major cause of premature death, disability and suffering. Available treatments are of modest efficacy and under-prescribed so there is a pressing need for a well-tolerated and effective treatment option for AUD. Dopamine is hypothesized to be involved in the development of alcohol dependence. To challenge the low-dopamine hypothesis of addiction, this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 13-week, multicentre clinical trial with four parallel arms is designed to evaluate the efficacy of two substances raising dopamine levels, varenicline and bupropion, alone and in combination vs...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38197859/adolescent-tobacco-nicotine-use-and-the-potential-role-of-contingency-management-based-interventions
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anaheed Shirazi, Niloofar Radgoudarzi, Arthur L Brody
The high prevalence of tobacco/nicotine use among youth, including e-cigarettes, is a public health problem in the United States. Early exposure leads to an increased risk of dependence and health consequences in adulthood. We reviewed the literature on current treatment approaches for nicotine/tobacco use in adolescents/young adults and highlighted underexplored areas of treatment research. There are no current Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for treatment of nicotine/tobacco use disorders in adolescents...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Addiction Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38169126/review-article-pharmacologic-management-of-obesity-updates-on-approved-medications-indications-and-risks
#40
REVIEW
Camille Lupianez-Merly, Saam Dilmaghani, Kia Vosoughi, Michael Camilleri
BACKGROUND: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, with >40% of the US population affected. Although traditionally managed by lifestyle modification, and less frequently by bariatric therapies, there are significant pharmacological advancements. AIMS: To conduct a narrative review of the neurohormonal and physiological understanding of weight gain and obesity, and the development, clinical testing, indications, expected clinical outcomes, and associated risks of current FDA-approved and upcoming anti-obesity medications (AOMs)...
February 2024: Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
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