Protocol chemotherapy for lung cancer

PURPOSE: Metastatic osteosarcoma is largely treated with high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based therapy, especially in the pediatric population. This mandates complex pharmacokinetic monitoring in a costly inpatient setting to mitigate unpredictable serious toxicities. Hence, a non-HDMTX-based regimen is worth exploring, especially in India and low- and middle-income countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All consecutive treatment-naïve patients with metastatic osteosarcoma were prospectively treated on the novel OGS-12 protocol consisting of sequential doublets of doxorubicin, cisplatin, and ifosfamide...

The prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer with metastases after chemotherapy remains dismal. We report the case of a 50-year-old female with first disease recurrence at the axillary lymph node and, later on, bilateral pulmonary metastases with severe shortness of breath. The patient received low-dose immune checkpoint blockade (concurrent nivolumab and ipilimumab) weekly over 3 weeks with regional hyperthermia 3 times a week, followed by systemic fever-range hyperthermia induced by interleukin-2 for 5 days...

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common symptom in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing treatment with chemotherapy. However, evidence upon which to base management strategies is scarce. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been shown to be beneficial to patients with CRF. Chinese herbal injections should be administered under an evidence-based approach. This trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of the addition of the Shenmai injection (SMI) to conventional therapy for CRF in NSCLC patients undergoing chemotherapy...

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy administered concomitantly to thoracic radiotherapy is the treatment recommended by the European guidelines for fit patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cisplatin may be combined with etoposide, vinorelbine or other vinca alkaloids, which act also as radiation sensitizers. Initially administered intravenously, vinorelbine is also available as oral formulation and is the only orally available microtubule-targeting agent. In addition, the oral formulation avoids the risk of extravasation and phlebitis...

PURPOSE: We compared differences in patterns of local-regional failure, and the influence of adaptive planning on those patterns, in patients given passive scattering proton therapy (PSPT) vs. intensity-modulated photon therapy (IMRT) for non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: Treatment simulation CT scans and dose distributions were registered with images depicting the recurrence. Local failure (LF) was failure within the internal target volume (ITV); marginal failure (MF), as failure between the ITV and PTV plus a 10-mm margin (PTV+10mm ); and regional failure (RF) as those outside the PTV+10mm ...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for stage II/III esophageal cancer. Preoperative chemotherapy is also considered a standard treatment for stage II/III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in patients who undergo radical lymph node dissection. We conducted a feasibility study of preoperative CRT with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (CF) and elective lymph node irradiation followed by esophagectomy with radical lymph node dissection in patients with stage II/III ESCC...

Although cisplatin-based chemotherapy shows a survival advantage compared to carboplatin for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer, high-volume hydration and a long infusion time are necessary to avoid nephrotoxicity, and cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been difficult to administer in outpatient settings. A low-volume hydration method using mannitol or furosemide as forced diuresis was recently introduced, but there are no clear conclusions regarding which agent should be used. We describe our ongoing randomized phase II trial (the OLCSG1406 Study) evaluating the efficacy of forced diuresis...

BACKGROUND: We described the treatment rationale and procedure for a phase II study of docetaxel plus ramucirumab for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis (RAMNITA study: University Information Network Clinical Trials Registry identification no. [UMIN]: 000024551). Combination therapy of angiogenetic inhibitor with chemotherapy improved the outcome of patients with brain metastasis in previous reports; however, the efficacy of ramucirumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 monoclonal antibody, for brain metastasis has not been shown...

BACKGROUND: Treatment with carboplatin (CBDCA) with weekly paclitaxel (PTX) has shown survival benefits compared with vinorelbine or gemcitabine in elderly patients with non-small-cell carcinoma (NSCLC). Docetaxel (DOC), however, remains a standard treatment in NSCLC. The 130-nm albumin-bound formulation of PTX (nab-PTX) has shown activity in NSCLC. Treatment with CBDCA with weekly nab-PTX showed significantly higher efficacy than CBDCA with PTX in patients with squamous histology and significantly increased overall survival (OS) in patients aged 70 years and older...

The prognosis of patients with metastatic cancers has improved in the past decades due to effective chemotherapy and oligometastatic surgery. For inoperable patients, local ablation therapies, such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), can provide effective local tumor control with minimal toxicity. Because of its high precision and accuracy, SBRT delivers a higher radiation dose per fraction, is more effective, and targets smaller irradiation volumes than does conventional radiotherapy. In addition, steep dose gradients from target lesions to surrounding normal tissues are achieved using SBRT; thus, SBRT provides more effective tumor control and exhibits fewer side effects than conventional radiotherapy...

BACKGROUND: Choriocarcinoma is a rare malignant germ-cell tumour, most commonly found in adult women. It infrequently presents as spontaneous renal haemorrhage (SRH). Genital malformation and SRH secondary to choriocarcinoma has previously been only reported in females. We present what we believe to be the first case of a male patient with genital malformation (hypospadias and cryptorchidism) and SRH at presentation of choriocarcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old man presented to the department with intense pain in the right flank region and lower back...

Herein synchronous occurrence of Hodgkin lymphoma and secondary myelodysplastic syndrome in a 60 year old male patient with small cell lung cancer treated with combined chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) and radiotherapy is presented. The objective of this report is to stress the importance of documenting and monitoring adverse drug reactions that arise from chemotherapy. After four years of treatment with the combined chemotherapy, the patient presented inguinal lymphadenopathy and enlarged lymph nodes and histopathology rapport was suggestive for plasmacytoid variant of Castleman disease...

INTRODUCTION: Following growing evidence to support the safety, local control (LC) and potential improvement in overall survival (OS) in patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that have been treated with local ablative therapy such as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), we initiate the SARON trial to investigate the impact and feasibility of adding SABR/SRS and radical radiotherapy (RRT) following standard chemotherapy on OS...

Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) typically involves a doublet regimen for a number of cycles. For any particular patient, a course of treatment is usually chosen from a large number of combinational protocols with drugs in concomitant or sequential administration. In spite of newer drugs and protocols, half of patients with early disease will live less than five years and 95% of those with advanced disease survive for less than one year. Here, we apply mathematical modeling to simulate tumor response to multiple drug regimens, with the capability to assess maximum tolerated dose (MTD) as well as metronomic drug administration...

BACKGROUND/AIM: The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of alternating platinum-based doublet chemotherapy with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC harboring an EGFR mutation were enrolled. All patients underwent induction chemotherapy by sequentially alternating pemetrexed/cisplatin/bevacizumab and EGFR-TKIs followed by maintenance therapy with pemetrexed/bevacizumab and EGFR-TKIs...

OBJECTIVES: The combination of pemetrexed and carboplatin is a standard first-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC. In this pilot phase II trial, we evaluated the feasibility of using pemetrexed and carboplatin as neoadjuvant therapy, prior to definitive surgical resection, for patients with localized NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with potentially resectable, previously untreated, clinical stage IB-III, nonsquamous NSCLC were eligible for this trial...

BACKGROUND: Studies of a modified XELIRI (mXELIRI; capecitabine plus irinotecan) regimen suggest promising efficacy and tolerability profiles in the first-line and second-line settings. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the mXELIRI regimen with that of standard FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan), with or without bevacizumab in both regimens, as a second-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS: We did a multicentre, open-label, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial...

AIM: of this study is to determine the temporal resolution of therapy-induced pneumonitis, and to assess promoting factors in adjuvant treated patients with unilateral mammacarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 100 post-surgery patients were recruited. The cohort was treated by 2 field radiotherapy (2FRT; breast and chest wall, N = 75), 3 field radiotherapy (3FRT; + supraclavicular lymphatic region, N = 8), or with 4 field radiotherapy (4FRT; + parasternal lymphatic region, N = 17)...

Synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) means tumours present at the same time, which are separate and have different histology. We present the case of a 66-year-old patient with a combination of small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) with adenocarcinoma in the same lobe with metastasis of SCLC in the mediastinal lymph node. This is a rare case. We performed a standard left upper video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy and adjuvant therapy targeted to SCLC was administered...

BACKGROUND: Patients with highly mutated tumors, such as melanoma or smoking-related lung cancer, have higher rates of response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, perhaps due to increased neoantigen expression. Many chemotherapies including platinum compounds are known to be mutagenic, but the impact of standard treatment protocols on mutational burden and resulting neoantigen expression in most human cancers is unknown. METHODS: We sought to quantify the effect of chemotherapy treatment on computationally predicted neoantigen expression for high grade serous ovarian carcinoma patients enrolled in the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study...