Protocol chemotherapy for lung cancer

BACKGROUND: The role of irinotecan for elderly patients with LD-SCLC has been unclear, and the timing of TRT combined with chemotherapy has not been fully evaluated. METHODS: Patients aged > 70 years with untreated, measurable, LD-SCLC, performance status (PS) 0-2, and adequate organ function were eligible. Treatment consisted of induction with carboplatin on day 1 and irinotecan on days 1 and 8, every 21 days for 4 cycles, and sequential TRT (54Gy in 27 fractions)...

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor. Treatment of osteosarcoma patients is based on chemotherapy as well as surgical resection of primary tumor and distant metastases. Lung metastases are the primary cause of death in this group of patients. AIM: The aim of this study is to summarize the 20 years of osteosarcoma treatment outcomes in the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our analysis included clinical data of 299 osteosarcoma patients aged between 14 and 81 years (median 32) treated in Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center between 1998 and 2016...

A best evidence topic was constructed according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether the administration of perioperative chemotherapy (CT) is effective in improving survival in patients with resectable lung metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC). Of the 44 papers found using a report search, 6 investigated the effect of perioperative CT (adjuvant-CT, preoperative-CT or both) on outcomes in patients undergoing lung metastasectomy for CRC. These 6 studies presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question...

The platinum-based drugs cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are often used for chemotherapy, but drug resistance is common. The prediction of resistance to these drugs via genomics is a challenging problem since hundreds of genes are involved. A possible alternative is to use mass spectrometry to determine the propensity for cells to form drug-DNA adducts-the pharmacodynamic drug-target complex for this class of drugs. The feasibility of predictive diagnostic microdosing was assessed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell culture and a pilot clinical trial...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of deviation from protocol in heart delineation for the Concurrent Once-daily Versus twice-daily Radiotherapy (CONVERT) Trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00433563) quality assurance (QA) programme and the effect of that on mean cardiac dose and percentage of heart volume receiving ≥5 Gy (V5%) and percentage of heart volume receiving ≥30 Gy (V30%). METHODS: Patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer in the CONVERT trial were randomized to receive 45 Gy in 30# twice daily or 66 Gy in 33# once daily radiotherapy, with concurrent chemotherapy in both arms...

BACKGROUND: Standard treatment for unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is concurrent chemo-radiation (CRT). A regimen of induction carboplatin and gemcitabine followed by CRT was developed at the McGill University Health Centre to prevent delays in treatment initiation. We report the long-term outcomes with this regimen based on a pooled analysis of both protocol patients from a phase II study and nonprotocol patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Outcomes and toxicity data were retrieved for 142 patients with stage III NSCLC: 43 patients treated on protocol between January 2003 and November 2004, and 101 patients treated off-protocol between December 2004 and August 2013...

Isolated hilar and mediastinal recurrence (IMHR) following external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in patients with lung cancer is common. These patients do not have many treatment options and are usually offered palliative chemotherapy or best supportive care. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided intratumoral injection of cisplatin (ITC) is a novel approach for these patients. The procedure is performed under conscious sedation. The lesion is located with a bronchoscopy using EBUS, and a 22-gauge EBUS needle is advanced through the working channel of the scope and locked in position...

PURPOSE: Randomized trials have shown that honey is effective for the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. Because there is no efficacious preventative for radiation esophagitis in lung cancer patients, this trial compared liquid honey, honey lozenges, and standard supportive care for radiation esophagitis. METHODS: The patients were stratified by percentage of esophagus receiving specific radiation dose (V60 Gy esophagus <30% or ≥30%) and were then randomized between supportive care, 10 mL of liquid manuka honey 4 times a day, and 2 lozenges (10 mL of dehydrated manuka honey) 4 times a day during concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy...

AIM: Despite recent advances, outcomes for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remain poor. We evaluated the combination of ciplatin/vinorelbine and concurrent thoracic radiotherapy followed by consolidation oral vinorelbine in this phase II study. METHODS: Eligible patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC received cisplatin intravenous (IV) 40 mg/m(2) and vinorelbine IV 20 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 22 and 29 concurrent with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy in 30 fractions...

155 Background: Malnutrition incidence in cancer approaches 85%, disproportionately burdening those with lung, GI, and advanced stage cancers. Malnourished patients have impaired chemotherapy response, shorter survival, longer hospital stays, and decreased QoL. Home delivered meals are nutritional interventions that improve patient well-being, nutrition, and lower healthcare costs in the elderly but have not been studied as an intervention in cancer patients. HDMTM are nutritionist prescribed home delivered meals tailored to patient's symptoms, co-morbidities, and health needs...

INTRODUCTION: This phase I/II trial was designed to determine the maximally tolerated dose of thoracic radiotherapy as part of a combined modality approach. This report includes the long-term outcomes of patients treated on this study. The phase II portion was never completed, as RTOG-0617 opened before it was concluded. METHODS: In this study, the maximally tolerated dose was defined as 74 Gy of radiation in 37 fractions. Twenty-five patients with unresectable NSCLC were treated with 2-Gy daily fractions and concurrent weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel...

BACKGROUND: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents one of the most aggressive forms of lung cancer. Despite the fair sensitivity of SCLC to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the current standard treatment regimens have modest survival rates and are associated with potential life-threatening adverse events. Therefore, research into new optimised regimens that increase drug efficacy while respecting toxicity constraints is of primary importance. METHODS: A PK/PD model for the combination of cisplatin and etoposide to treat extensive-stage SCLC patients was generated...

A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether the addition of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) to adjuvant chemotherapy offers any benefit in patients undergoing curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer found to harbour mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A total of 77 papers were identified using the reported search, of which 11 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. Only studies reporting on survival data of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with and without PORT were included in this analysis...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite the large numbers of studies, role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is debated. This approach would increase resectability in locally advanced patients, and improve surgical outcome in resectable patients. Thus, an overview of recent literature is relevant to highlight the current issues. RECENT FINDINGS: Literature in the previous year mainly focused on overall treatment strategy, radiotherapy technique, role of radiological response and metabolic imaging, and biological agents in this setting...

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) entails an overall 5-year survival of approximately 25%. The choice of therapy is influenced by expression of the HER2 gene and hormone receptors, by a disease-free interval, and by age. The use of paclitaxel combined with gemcitabine (doublet protocol) has shown efficacy as first-line treatment for MBC in either initial or maintenance therapy when compared to monotherapy with paclitaxel. There is evidence showing that the doublet protocol is a good alternative to maintenance therapy in women under 50 years old...

BACKGROUND: Primary radiochemotherapy with photons is the standard treatment for locally advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Acute radiation-induced side effects such as oesophagitis and radiation pneumonitis limit patients' quality of life, and the latter can be potentially life-threatening. Due to its distinct physical characteristics, proton therapy enables better sparing of normal tissues, which is supposed to translate into a reduction of radiation-induced side effects...

BACKGROUND: The neoplasm is still a potential threat for breast, Non-Small Cell Lung (NSCL) and cervix cancer patients. Those gradually invade into other body organs, inducing complex pathological complications. Whereas, the anticancer drugs suppress the bone marrow, resulting serious hematological toxicities. Thus, the monocytic toxicity may the chance of infections, particularly in AID's patients. OBJECTIVE: We aimed this retrospective study to investigate the monocytopenia induced by vinorelbine following chemotherapy in cancer patients...

Targeting metabolism of lung cancer cells is a promising methodology for the treatment of lung cancer. In this regard, 2-Deoxy d-glucose (2-dDG) has been reported to inhibit cell proliferation by intervening the glycolytic pathway. However, phase I clinical trial of 2-dDG demonstrated cardiac side effects at higher dosage. Metformin (Met), on the other hand, has been reported to improve pathological response to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In this study, we propose that combination therapy of 2-dDG with Met will demonstrate enhanced cytotoxicity than either compound alone...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is highly malignant, metastatic and recurrent, remaining generally incurable, and responsible for approximately 14% of all thyroid carcinoma-related deaths. MTC can metastasize to lymph nodes, trachea and distant organs, such as brain, lungs, liver and bones. MTC cells are resistant to chemotherapy and traditional external therapies are not showing definite clinical benefits. Scientists are trying to understand the molecular background of carcinogenesis and histone deacetylase (HDAC) seems to play a potential role to gene transcription...

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) represent advanced stage disease with potentially significant patient discomfort due to dyspnea. Palliative management options include repetitive thoracenteses, placement of a tunneled pleural catheter (TPC), chemical pleurodesis, or some combination of these procedures. The rapid pleurodesis procedure combines thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis and insertion of a TPC at the same time with the goals of reducing both the length of hospitalization and the duration of catheter use...