Parathyroid adenoma

Primary hyperparathyroidism commonly results from a solitary parathyroid adenoma. A water clear cell parathyroid adenoma represents a rare histological variant. This report presents the challenges of preoperative detection of a giant parathyroid adenoma, which was of the water clear cell variant. A case of severe hypercalcemia in a patient without clinical symptoms and equivocal findings on standard imaging modalities, in which the use of [11 C]C-Methionine PET/CT facilitated the preoperative detection of a giant parathyroid adenoma...

BACKGROUND: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a disease caused by hypersecretion of one or more parathyroid glands, it can be associated with ectopic mediastinal parathyroid glands (MEPA) in 2% of cases. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the surgical resection of these glands is a safe, cost-effective, and low morbidity option for patients with MEPA. We report a case series of patients with this disease managed with VATS, the first in Mexico and Latinamerica. METHODS: From 2008 to 2022, a retrospective study involving patients with MEPA and treated by VATS approach was performed in a tertiary hospital in Mexico city...

BACKGROUND: In contrast to adults Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children and adolescents, is a rare endocrine disorder. METHODS: A retrospective review of PHPT cases between 2005-2022 from a single tertiary university medical center, including clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, radiological evaluation, treatment, and post-operative complications. RESULTS: Ten children (Mean age at diagnosis 16.3±1.3 years) were diagnosed with PHPT...

The parathyroid cell is a vital regulator of extracellular calcium levels, operating through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Despite its importance, the regulation of PTH secretion remains complex and not fully understood, representing a unique interplay between extracellular and intracellular calcium, and hormone secretion. One significant challenge in parathyroid research has been the difficulty in maintaining cells ex vivo for in-depth cellular investigations. To address this issue, we introduce a novel platform for parathyroid cell transplantation and noninvasive in vivo imaging using the anterior chamber of the eye as a transplantation site...

PURPOSE: Primary hyperparathyroidism is mainly caused by parathyroid adenomas. Preoperative imaging can be performed using different imaging modalities, e.g. ultrasound (US), radionuclide scanning, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography, often used in combination. Currently, US-guided blue dyes, especially methylene blue (MB) injection, are used to identify parathyroid tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 228 patients. Preoperative ultrasound, scintigraphy, and bio-chemistry were performed on all patients, and fine-needle aspiration procedures were performed on suspected patients...

Background and Objectives : Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common endocrine disorder caused by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to elevated calcium levels. Diagnosis is primarily based on biochemical evaluation, and surgery is the curative treatment. Imaging techniques like ultrasound and Tc-99m Sestamibi scintigraphy are used for localization, but selective Internal Jugular Venous (SVS) becomes valuable in cases of inconclusive or conflicting results. This study evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of SVS for localizing parathyroid adenomas in cases where non-invasive radiological diagnostic methods yielded inconclusive results or negative findings despite clinical symptoms suggestive of pHPT...

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine condition but rare in the pediatric and adolescent populations. The presentations can be unique, accounting for significant morbidity in the case of untimely detection. AIM: To study surgically treated pediatric PHPT retrospectively. METHODS: Surgically treated children of PHPT up to 20 years of age between 2010 to 2022 were analyzed. All of them were operated on by an endocrine surgeon and team...

Primary hyperparathyroidism is rare in children and usually presents with nonspecific symptoms. Ramadan fasting has been reported to unmask the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. A 15-year-old boy presented to the clinic for an emergency department follow up visit. He had started Ramadan fasting a week before his presentation to the clinic. He reported unintentional weight loss, abdominal pain, constipation, frequent headaches, exercise intolerance, tiredness, and palpitations. Physical examination was unremarkable except that he looked tired...

CONTEXT: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder that is treated surgically, and some correlation between the size of the responsible lesion and preoperative clinical data is assumed. The purpose of this study was to predict tumor volume of the lesion responsible for PHPT from preoperative clinical data. METHODS: Participants comprised patients with surgically treated PHPT who underwent initial surgery in our department between January 2000 and December 2021...

Brown tumors (osteitis fibrosa cystica) are rare pathognomonic signs that occur in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Brown tumors can exist in multiple bones and can easily be misdiagnosed as a metastatic tumor or multiple myeloma. It is also localized in the forearm, humerus, and leg. The symptoms of hypercalcemia, pathologic fracture, and bodyweight loss may increase the diagnostic difficulty of brown tumors because multiple myeloma and bone metastasis also show the same symptoms. We studied a 68-year-old woman who had experienced unusual bodyweight loss in the past 6 months (56kg-40kg) and bone pain...

Ectopic parathyroid adenomas are an uncommon etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism. We present a case of a patient admitted to the hospital with severe hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels, in whom imaging revealed two distinct parathyroid masses in the prevertebral space, representing a rare and atypical location for parathyroid tissue. This case highlights the importance of considering ectopic parathyroid adenomas as a potential cause of hyperparathyroidism and discusses the diagnostic challenges and management strategies associated with such cases...

Parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) could have poor outcomes, even with accurate preoperative localization of the adenomas, because their intraoperative localization can be challenging. Freehand single photon emission computed tomography (fhSPECT) is a new technique for radio-guided intraoperative navigation. Its use during parathyroidectomy could be useful and such data are limited. We herein present our experience on the feasibility of fhSPECT for intraoperative detection of abnormal parathyroid glands...

BACKGROUND: Parathyroid adenoma (PA) is a common endocrine disease linked to multiple complications, but the pathophysiology of the disease remains incompletely understood. The study aimed to identify the key regulator proteins and pathways of PA according to functionality and volume through quantitative proteomic analyses. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 15 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PA samples from tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Proteins were extracted, digested, and the resulting peptides were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND: Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) is a condition characterized by persistently high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and normal serum calcium levels in the absence of other causes for secondary hyperparathyroidism. The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical presentation and the biochemical characteristics in patients with nPHPT and to compare them with those in patients with hypercalcemic PHPT (hPHPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 316 patients (277 women and 39 men, average age 58...

BACKGROUND: To date, because of the difficulty in obtaining normal parathyroid gland samples in human or in animal models, our understanding of this last-discovered organ remains limited. METHODS: In the present study, we performed a single-cell transcriptome analysis of six normal parathyroid and eight parathyroid adenoma samples using 10 × Genomics platform. FINDINGS: We have provided a detailed expression atlas of parathyroid endocrine cells...

BACKGROUND:  Cure rates following parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism are excellent, with well-documented low short-term recurrence rates of hypercalcaemia. Rates of long-term recurrence have been investigated to a lesser extent, but recent studies have reported higher than anticipated rates. This study sought to evaluate recurrence rates at more than four years post seemingly corrective surgery and depending on the findings, propose whether recommendations of annual calcium monitoring post-parathyroidectomy are appropriate based on the limited data available at the time of formulating guidelines...

Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is often missed in developing nations due to limited formal healthcare exposure and biochemical screening programs. Many patients are thus only diagnosed once symptomatic. We present a 32-year-old female who developed bony protrusions in her jaw during pregnancy, resulting in a stillbirth. Three months later, during a dental consultation for worsening toothache, jaw abnormalities were detected. Radiological studies revealed bilateral mandibular radiolucent lesions, and bone biopsy confirmed histological features consistent with a brown tumor...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Studies on the outcomes of parathyroid surgery are scarce. The aim was to report the outcomes and to study the association between pre- and peri-operative information with the outcomes of patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: This was a retrospective, descriptive study with unselected patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism from a catchment population of 704,500 in Finland. Data were acquired from the electronic hospital registers based on parathyroid surgery procedure codes between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018...

Hyperparathyroidism is a syndrome characterized by an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone. Etiologically, hyperparathyroidism is subdivided into primary hyperparathyroidism, which develops as a result of parathyroid adenoma, carcinoma or hyperplasia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which happens as a compensatory response to a hypocalcemia caused by condition outside the parathyroid glands. Turner syndrome may also be accompanied by mineral metabolism disorders of various etiology. An association of hyperparathyroidism and Turner syndrome is interesting because of multifactorial impact on bone mineral density, but only few cases of such coexistence have been previously described in the literature...

BACKGROUND: Preoperative imaging before parathyroidectomy can localize adenomas and reduce unnecessary bilateral neck explorations. We hypothesized that (1) the utility of preoperative imaging varies substantially depending on the preoperative probability of having adenoma(s) and (2) that a selective imaging approach based on this probability could avoid unnecessary patient costs and radiation. METHODS: We analyzed 3,577 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism from 2001 to 2022...