keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536954/immunogenicity-and-protective-capacity-of-cpg-odn-adjuvanted-alum-adsorbed-bivalent-meningococcal-outer-membrane-vesicle-vaccine
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tugce Canavar Yildirim, Yasemin Ozsurekci, Muzaffer Yildirim, Irem Evcili, Volkan Yazar, Kubra Aykac, Ulku Guler, Bekir Salih, Mayda Gursel, Ihsan Gursel
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, with the main serogroups responsible for the disease being A, B, C, W, X, and Y. To date, several vaccines targeting N.meningitidis have been developed albeit with a short-lived protection. Given that MenW and MenB are the most common causes of IMD in Europe, Turkey, and Middle East, we aimed to develop an outer membrane vesicle (OMV) based bivalent vaccine as the heterologous antigen source. Herein, we compared the immunogenicity, and breadth of serum bactericidal assays (SBA) based protective coverage of OMV vaccine to X serotype with existing commercial meningococcal conjugate and polysaccharide (PS) vaccines in a murine model...
March 27, 2024: International Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536512/potential-role-of-immune-cell-therapy-in-gynecological-cancer-and-future-promises-a-comprehensive-review
#2
REVIEW
Sandipan Dasgupta, Sakuntala Gayen, Tania Chakraborty, Naureen Afrose, Ranita Pal, Sutapa Mahata, Vilas Nasare, Souvik Roy
Gynecological malignancies are most leading causes of death among women worldwide. The high prevalence of gynecologic malignancies remains significant, necessitating to turn the novel treatment approach like immunotherapy, wherein cancer cells are killed by the invasion of immune system. In recent year, immunotherapy has mostly an advanced treatment approach to repressing the tumor cells survival, proliferation, and invasion via the activation of immune systems. Moreover, various types of immune cells including T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells are associated with the immunotherapeutic strategy in cancer treatment...
March 27, 2024: Medical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536165/high-dimensional-mass-cytometry-reveals-emphysema-associated-changes-in-the-pulmonary-immune-system
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Jia, Na Li, Tamim R M Abdelaal, Nannan Guo, Marieke E IJsselstein, Vincent van Unen, Ciska Lindelauf, Qinyue Jiang, Yanling Xiao, M Fernanda Pascutti, Pieter S Hiemstra, Frits Koning, Jan Stolk, P Padmini S J Khedoe
RATIONALE: Chronic inflammation plays an important role in alveolar tissue damage in emphysema, but the underlying immune alterations and cellular interactions are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To explore disease-specific pulmonary immune cell alterations and cellular interactions in emphysema. METHODS: We used single-cell mass cytometry to compare the immune compartment in alveolar tissue from 15 patients with severe emphysema and 5 controls...
March 27, 2024: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535990/rna-splicing-regulator-eif3d-regulates-the-tumor-microenvironment-through-immunogene-related-alternative-splicing-in-head-and-neck-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dandan Lu, Mijti Mihoayi, Yimin Ablikim, Abdeyrim Arikin
Study finds that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (EIF3D) may play an important role in aberrant alternative splicing (AS) events in tumors. AS possesses a pivotal role in both tumour progression and the constitution of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Regrettably, our current understanding of AS remains circumscribed especially in the context of immunogene-related alternative splicing (IGAS) profiles within Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSC). In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the function and mechanism of action of EIF3D by bioinformatics analysis combined with in vitro cellular experiments, and found that high expression of EIF3D in HNSC was associated with poor prognosis of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS)...
March 25, 2024: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535967/cancer-invasion-and-anaerobic-bacteria-new-insights-into-mechanisms
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel Hurst, Daniel S Brewer, Abraham Gihawi, John Wain, Colin S Cooper
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including Peptoniphilus spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Fenollaria spp., Prevotella spp., Sneathia spp ., Veillonella spp . and Anaerococcus spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which bacteria are known or predicted to interact with human cells are reviewed and we present an overview of the interlinked mechanisms and hypotheses of how multiple intracellular anaerobic bacterial pathogens may act together to cause host cell and tissue microenvironment changes associated with carcinogenesis and cancer cell invasion...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535869/identification-of-the-effects-of-5-azacytidine-on-porcine-circovirus-type-2-replication-in-porcine-kidney-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiyi Shan, Qi Xiao, Kongwang He, Shenglong Wu, Wenbin Bao, Zhengchang Wu
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main pathogen causing post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which mainly targets the body's immune system and poses a serious threat to the global pig industry. 5-Azacytidine is a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation, which can participate in many important physiological and pathological processes, including virus-related processes, by inhibiting gene expression. However, the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 replication in cells is not yet clear. We explored the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 infection utilizing PK15 cells as a cellular model...
March 20, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535830/spatially-resolved-quantification-of-oxygen-consumption-rate-in-ex-vivo-lymph-node-slices
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parastoo Anbaei, Marissa G Stevens, Alexander G Ball, Timothy N J Bullock, Rebecca R Pompano
Cellular metabolism has been closely linked to activation state in cells of the immune system, and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in particular serves as a valuable metric for assessing metabolic activity. Several oxygen sensing assays have been reported for cells in standard culture conditions. However, none have provided a spatially resolved, optical measurement of local oxygen consumption in intact tissue samples, making it challenging to understand regional dynamics of consumption. Therefore, here we established a system to monitor the rates of oxygen consumption in ex vivo tissue slices, using murine lymphoid tissue as a case study...
March 27, 2024: Analyst
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535788/assessment-of-the-impact-of-humic-acids-on-intestinal-microbiota-gut-integrity-ileum-morphometry-and-cellular-immunity-of-turkey-poults-fed-an-aflatoxin-b-1-contaminated-diet
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jesús A Maguey-González, Jing Liu, Guolong Zhang, Juan D Latorre, Juan O Hernández-Ramírez, María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez, Roberto Senas-Cuesta, Sergio Gómez-Rosales, María de Lourdes Ángeles, Andressa Stein, Bruno Solís-Cruz, Daniel Hernández-Patlán, Rubén Merino-Guzmán, Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco, Inkar Castellanos-Huerta, Santiago Uribe-Diaz, Alma Vázquez-Durán, Abraham Méndez-Albores, Victor M Petrone-Garcia, Guillermo Tellez, Billy M Hargis, Guillermo Téllez-Isaías
A recent study published data on the growth performance, relative weights of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, liver histology, serum biochemistry, and hematological parameters for turkey poults fed an experimental diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) and humic acids (HA) extracted from vermicompost. The negative effects of AFB1 (250 ng AFB1 /g of feed) were significantly reduced by HA supplementation (0.25% w / w ), suggesting that HA might be utilized to ameliorate the negative impact of AFB1 from contaminated diets...
February 29, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535532/advances-in-the-immunology-of-the-host-parasite-interactions-in-african-trypanosomosis-including-single-cell-transcriptomics
#9
REVIEW
Boyoon Choi, Hien Thi Vu, Hai Thi Vu, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez
Trypanosomes are single-celled extracellular parasites that infect mammals, including humans and livestock, causing global public health concerns and economic losses. These parasites cycle between insect vectors, such as tsetse flies and vertebrate hosts, undergoing morphological, cellular, and biochemical changes. They have remarkable immune evasion mechanisms to escape the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, such as surface coat antigenic variation and the induction of the loss of specificity and memory of antibody responses, enabling the prolongation of infection...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534967/amino-acid-metabolism-in-leukocytes-showing-in-vitro-igg-memory-from-sars-cov2-infected-patients
#10
REVIEW
Giuseppina Fanelli, Veronica Lelli, Sara Rinalducci, Anna Maria Timperio
The immune response to infectious diseases is directly influenced by metabolic activities. COVID-19 is a disease that affects the entire body and can significantly impact cellular metabolism. Recent studies have focused their analysis on the potential connections between post-infection stages of SARS-CoV2 and different metabolic pathways. The spike S1 antigen was found to have in vitro IgG antibody memory for PBMCs when obtaining PBMC cultures 60-90 days post infection, and a significant increase in S-adenosyl homocysteine, sarcosine, and arginine was detected by mass spectrometric analysis...
February 23, 2024: Diseases (Basel)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534769/deciphering-glioblastoma-fundamental-and-novel-insights-into-the-biology-and-therapeutic-strategies-of-gliomas
#11
REVIEW
Razvan Onciul, Felix-Mircea Brehar, Corneliu Toader, Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc, Luca-Andrei Glavan, Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu, Horia Petre Costin, David-Ioan Dumitrascu, Matei Serban, Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies...
March 13, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534723/the-role-of-aminopeptidase-erap1-in-human-pathology-a-review
#12
REVIEW
Laura Țiburcă, Dana Carmen Zaha, Maria Claudia Jurca, Emilia Severin, Aurora Jurca, Alexandru Daniel Jurca
Aminopeptidases are a group of enzymatic proteins crucial for protein digestion, catalyzing the cleavage of amino acids at the N-terminus of peptides. Among them are ERAP1 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1), ERAP2 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2), and LNPEP (coding for leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase). These genes encoding these enzymes are contiguous and located on the same chromosome (5q21); they share structural homology and functions and are associated with immune-mediated diseases...
February 20, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534637/diversity-and-mechanisms-of-action-of-plant-animal-and-human-antimicrobial-peptides
#13
REVIEW
Galina Satchanska, Slavena Davidova, Alexandra Gergova
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are usually made up of fewer than 100 amino acid residues. They are found in many living organisms and are an important factor in those organisms' innate immune systems. AMPs can be extracted from various living sources, including bacteria, plants, animals, and even humans. They are usually cationic peptides with an amphiphilic structure, which allows them to easily bind and interact with the cellular membranes of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. They can act against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens and have various modes of action against them...
February 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534449/quantification-of-thermal-acclimation-in-immune-functions-in-ectothermic-animals
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Franziska C Sandmeier
This short review focuses on current experimental designs to quantify immune acclimation in animals. Especially in the face of rapidly changing thermal regimes, thermal acclimation of immune function has the potential to impact host-pathogen relationships and the fitness of hosts. While much of the field of ecoimmunology has focused on vertebrates and insects, broad interest in how animals can acclimate to temperatures spans taxa. The literature shows a recent increase in thermal acclimation studies in the past six years...
March 9, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534416/atf4-signaling-in-hiv-1-infection-viral-subversion-of-a-stress-response-transcription-factor
#15
REVIEW
Adrien Corne, Florine Adolphe, Jérôme Estaquier, Sébastien Gaumer, Jean-Marc Corsi
Cellular integrated stress response (ISR), the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), and IFN signaling are associated with viral infections. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) plays a pivotal role in these pathways and controls the expression of many genes involved in redox processes, amino acid metabolism, protein misfolding, autophagy, and apoptosis. The precise role of ATF4 during viral infection is unclear and depends on cell hosts, viral agents, and models. Furthermore, ATF4 signaling can be hijacked by pathogens to favor viral infection and replication...
February 26, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534385/ezh2-myc-hallmark-in-oncovirus-cytomegalovirus-infections-and-cytomegalovirus-resemblance-to-oncoviruses
#16
REVIEW
Ranim El Baba, Georges Herbein
Approximately 15-20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections. Oncoviruses employ various molecular strategies to enhance replication and persistence. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), acting as an initiator or promoter, enables immune evasion, supporting tumor growth. HCMV activates pro-oncogenic pathways within infected cells and direct cellular transformation. Thus, HCMV demonstrates characteristics reminiscent of oncoviruses. Cumulative evidence emphasizes the crucial roles of EZH2 and Myc in oncogenesis and stemness...
March 19, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534149/targeting-intracellular-nontuberculous-mycobacteria-and-m-tuberculosis-with-a-bactericidal-enzymatic-cocktail
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen P Bartlett, Clinton C Dawson, Cody M Glickman, David W Osborn, Christopher R Evans, Benjamin J Garcia, Lauren C Frost, Jason E Cummings, Nicholas Whittel, Richard A Slayden, Jason W Holder
To address intracellular mycobacterial infections, we developed a cocktail of four enzymes that catalytically attack three layers of the mycobacterial envelope. This cocktail is delivered to macrophages, through a targeted liposome presented here as ENTX_001. Endolytix Cocktail 1 (EC1) leverages mycobacteriophage lysin enzymes LysA and LysB, while also including α-amylase and isoamylase for degradation of the mycobacterial envelope from outside of the cell. The LysA family of proteins from mycobacteriophages has been shown to cleave the peptidoglycan layer, whereas LysB is an esterase that hydrolyzes the linkage between arabinogalactan and mycolic acids of the mycomembrane...
March 27, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534098/a-novel-mitochondria-related-core-gene-signature-to-predict-the-prognosis-and-evaluate-tumour-microenvironment-in-cesc-single-cell-validation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lingxiao Ying, Lin Kong, Xiaoxiao Qiu, Aihua Cheng, Qijun Wang, Limeng Xiu, Jinmei Shi, Yanfei Tao, Zhihong Chai
Mitochondria and their related genes (MTRGs) are pivotal in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of cervical cancer, influencing prognosis and treatment response. This study developed a prognostic model using MTRGs to predict overall survival (OS) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), aiming for personalized therapy. Analysing 14 MTRGs like ISCU and NDUFA11 through techniques such as univariate Cox regression, we found that a low mitochondrial (MT) score is associated with better survival, while a high MT score predicts poorer outcomes...
April 2024: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533976/shared-genetic-features-of-psoriasis-and-myocardial-infarction-insights-from-a-weighted-gene-coexpression-network-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiaoyu Zhou, Ruizheng Shi
BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests a higher propensity for acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with psoriasis. However, the shared mechanisms underlying this comorbidity in these patients remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the shared genetic features of psoriasis and MI and to identify potential biomarkers indicating their coexistence. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data sets obtained from the gene expression omnibus were examined using a weighted gene coexpression network analysis approach...
March 27, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533918/effects-of-increasing-sensitizing-doses-of-ovalbumin-on-airway-hyperresponsiveness-in-asthmatic-mice
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan-Jiao Chen, Yu Yuan, Lu Peng, Xin-Yi Dong, Yu-Dong Xu, Yu Wang, Yong-Qing Yang
BACKGROUND: The dosage of ovalbumin (OVA) during the sensitization stage is considered a crucial factor in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). However, the inconsistent dosages of sensitizing OVA used in current studies and the lack of research on their impact on AHR are notable limitations. METHODS: We examined the impact of increasing sensitizing doses of OVA in a murine asthma model, which entailed initial sensitization with OVA followed by repeated exposure to OVA aerosols...
March 2024: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
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