Stage IV cancer hypopharynx

Human papillomavirus (HPV) was proven to play a significant role in cancer development in the oropharynx. However, its role in the development of laryngeal (LSCC) and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) remains to be clarified. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) viral proteins E6 and E7 are considered to be pertinent to HPV-related carcinogenesis. Hence, our aim was to estimate LSCC and HPSCC for HR-HPV DNA, p16, and E6/E7 oncoprotein status by using molecular virology and immunohistochemistry methods. The prevalence of HPV16 infection was 22/41 (53...

BACKGROUND: Over 50% of patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) experience locoregional recurrence, which is associated with poor outcome. In the course of follow-up for patients surviving primary surgery for HNSCC, one might ask: What is the probability of recurrence in one year considering that the cancer has not yet recurred to date? MATERIALS AND METHODS: To answer this question, 979 patients surgically treated for HNSCC (i.e. cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx) between March 2004 and June 2018 were enrolled in a multicenter retrospective cohort study, followed up for death and recurrence over a 5 year period...

Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has been used for treating pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers for many years. However, the application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before TORS, the sparing rate of adjuvant irradiation after TORS, and the long-term oncologic/functional outcomes of TORS are seldom reported. From September 2014 to May 2018, 30 patients with clinical T1 to T3 cancers of oropharynx (7), larynx (3), and hypopharynx (20) were prospectively recruited for TORS in a tertiary referral medical center...

BACKGROUND: Chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for unresected locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. We aimed to assess if addition of avelumab (anti-PD-L1) to chemoradiotherapy could improve treatment outcomes for this patient population. METHODS: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study, patients were recruited from 196 hospitals and cancer treatment centres in 22 countries. Patients aged 18 years or older, with histologically confirmed, previously untreated, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, or oral cavity (unselected for PD-L1 status), an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1, and who could receive chemoradiotherapy were eligible...

Purpose: Opioid addiction is a major public health concern. Chronic opioid use (COU) patterns after radiation for head and neck cancer (HNC) remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of COU and to identify its risk factors in patients with HNC undergoing curative-intent radiation therapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods and Materials: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, queried from dates of inception until January 2020...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cancers in a nonagenarian patient are rarely seen, and there is always a moral dilemma for the family members and patient of whether to opt for the treatment or not. The main objective was to identify the survival differences between treated and not treated nonagenarian cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of Hospital-Based Cancer Registry data from 2010 to 2016. The data of all nonagenarian cancer patients were analyzed for gender distribution, leading sites of cancer, stage distribution, types of treatment received, and survival...

Background: Changing patterns of alcohol and tobacco consumption and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have affected the epidemiology of head and neck cancers. The aim of this study was to examine 20-year trends in the incidence and survival of head and neck cancers in Estonia by site, sex, morphology, and stage. Methods: Data on all adult cases of invasive head and neck cancers diagnosed in Estonia in 1996-2016 were obtained from a population-based cancer registry...

Background: Radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis is a major problem causing widespread clinical symptoms and may interfere with treatment plans, ultimately jeopardizing patient outcome. Zinc supplementation may be considered beneficial in preventing acute toxicity during chemoradiation. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of zinc supplementation on radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis in Stage III and IV-A oropharynx and hypopharynx cancers treated by hyperfractionated accelerated concomitant boost radiotherapy with weakly cisplatin...

BACKGROUND: Our study assessed post-radiation therapy (RT) G-tube presence, duration, and clinical predictors in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). METHODS: We identified those 1-5-years post-RT with stage III/IV nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, or unknown primaries. Logistic regression identified predictors of post-RT G-tube presence, Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated G-tube days, and log-rank test compared by tumor site. RESULTS: The 977 patients had mean age 60...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to assess the clinical manifestations and prognostic value of age on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS: Patients with hypopharynx SCC were extracted from the SEER database between 2004 and 2014. We examined the clinicopathological variables using Chi-squared tests and we evaluated the association between survival and different variables, including age, race, grade, tumour location, T category, N category and surgery therapies to the primary tumour, using the methods of Kaplan-Meier...

Introduction This study attempted to identify disparities in outcomes between African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients treated for hypopharyngeal carcinoma at a tertiary care institution over the past 25 years. Methods An institutional review board (IRB)-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)-compliant retrospective analysis was performed on patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated at our institution between January 1994 and December 2018...

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in treatments, 30% to 50% of stage III-IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients relapse within 2 years after treatment. The Big Data to Decide (BD2Decide) project aimed to build a database for prognostic prediction modeling. METHODS: Stage III-IV HNSCC patients with locoregionally advanced HNSCC treated with curative intent (1537) were included. Whole transcriptomics and radiomics analyses were performed using pretreatment tumor samples and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging scans, respectively...

Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with concurrent high-dose cisplatin (CDDP) is a standard treatment for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). Docetaxel plus CDDP and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy (ICT) prior to CRT is considered for patients at high risk of distant metastases. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of CRT with split-dose CDDP after TPF-ICT for LA-SCCHN. A total of 21 LA-SCCHN patients treated with TPF-ICT followed by concurrent CRT with split-dose CDDP between January 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively analysed...

BACKGROUND: Head-and-neck cancer is the most common cancer in developing countries of Southeast Asia. Most of the patients present to the hospital in advanced stage and have a poor prognosis. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profile of oral metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) in the form of methotrexate and celecoxib in locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic head-and-neck cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single-arm retrospective observational study that included posttreatment patients with locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic disease in the year 2016 (January 1, to December 31, 2016)...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify a subgroup of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who might be suitable for hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT-hypo) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: HNSCC cases (oropharynx/larynx/hypopharynx) treated with definitive RT-hypo (60 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks), moderately accelerated radiotherapy (RT-acc) alone (70 Gy in 35 fractions over 6 weeks), or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) during 2005-2017 were included...

BACKGROUND: A phase I-II study to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of intensified, primary radiotherapy (RT) for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LAHNSCC) employing dose escalation by hyperfractionation, acceleration of treatment time, concomitant chemotherapy and hypoxic modification. METHODS: Patients with HPV/p16- LAHNSCC receiving primary hyperfractionated, accelerated RT, 76 Gy/56 fx, 10 fx/week for 5½ weeks, concomitant weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m2 ) and nimorazole (HART-CN) were included...

Background/Aims: Clinical trials have not consistently supported the use of induction chemotherapy (IC) for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer. Hypopharynx and base of tongue (BOT) cancer has shown relatively poor survival. We investigated the role of IC in improving outcome over current chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with hypopharynx and BOT cancer. Methods: Treatment-naïve patients with stage III/IV (M0) hypopharynx or BOT cancer were randomly assigned to receive CRT alone (CRT arm: cisplatin 100 mg/m2 on D1 3-weekly, two times plus radiotherapy 68...

PURPOSE: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is high in South America, where recent data on survival are sparse. We investigated the main predictors of HNSCC survival in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia. METHODS: Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was obtained from standardized interviews, and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and pathologic reports. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses...

Introduction Due to conflicting data in the literature, there is a continuing debate on whether advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients should be treated with definitive surgery or chemoradiotherapy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the management and outcomes of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma in a tertiary care institution over the last 25 years. Methods An Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved and HIPPA-compliant retrospective analysis was performed of patients with advanced-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated at our institution between January 1994 and December 2018...

BACKGROUND: Cancers of the head and neck have a high mortality rate, and roughly 10% of the patients die within six months of diagnosis. To our knowledge little has been written about this group. We wished to identify risk factors for early death, to predict and monitor patients at risk better and, if possible, avoid unjustified major treatment. METHODS AND FINDINGS: This population-based nationwide study from the Swedish Head and Neck Cancer Register (SweHNCR) included data from 2008-2015 and 9733 patients at potential risk of early death...