keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486500/-a-sad-inheritance-of-misery-the-cultural-life-of-hereditary-scrofula-in-eighteenth-century-england
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noelle Dückmann Gallagher
This essay argues that scrofula was one of several disorders, including gout, rickets, and venereal disease, that were 'rebranded' as hereditary in response to broader cultural changes that took place during the Restoration and eighteenth century in England. While the purposes of scrofula's recategorisation were more political than medical, they resulted in this heretofore relatively obscure childhood ailment assuming a new prominence within both medical and popular discourses of the period. Scrofula became both emblem and proof of the links between sexual promiscuity, financial profligacy, and physiological degeneration, its symbolic status reinforced by the legal and moral language used to model processes of hereditary transmission...
March 15, 2024: Medical History
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441632/multimodality-imaging-features-of-small-bowel-cancers-complicating-crohn-s-disease-a-pictorial-review
#2
REVIEW
Francesco Paparo, Nicola Panvini, Amedeo Montale, Maria Pigati, Eugenio Marinaro, Enrico Francesco Melani, Arnoldo Piccardo, Lucio Molini
Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) are at increased risk of developing small bowel cancer, since chronic inflammation may trigger the histopathological sequence that begins from low-grade dysplasia of the intestinal epithelium and may eventually lead to malignant transformation. Owing to their location in a portion of the gastrointestinal tract which is not easily accessible to conventional endoscopic techniques, the detection of CD-related small bowel cancers is still a clinical challenge. The radiological features of CD-related small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) in patients with CD have been described in some previous studies, including its appearance in both CT and MRI examinations...
March 5, 2024: Abdominal Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402484/ultrasound-imaging-of-bowel-obstruction-in-neonates
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rida Salman, Livja Mertiri, Victor J Seghers, Desi M Schiess, HaiThuy N Nguyen, Andrew C Sher, Marla B K Sammer
Bowel obstruction (BO) in children has a wide differential diagnosis, ranging from non-urgent conditions to surgical emergencies. Abdominal radiographs are most often used as the first imaging modality for the evaluation of obstruction. However, for some indications, ultrasound can be the primary imaging modality. Therefore, it is incumbent on radiologists to recognize the types of bowel obstruction that can be recognized with US. Key sonographic features of BO include differential dilation of bowel loops, bowel wall thickening, and free fluid...
February 25, 2024: Journal of Ultrasound
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38226052/diffuse-reversed-halo-sign-in-an-immunocompetent-patient
#4
K Aitnasser, I Nakkabi, H Naji Amrani
The reversed halo sign (RHS) is a specific radiological image observed mostly on computed tomography (CT) scans as a focal round area of ground-glass attenuation surrounded by a crescent or ring of consolidation. It is common to many entities of respiratory diseases and can be found in both infectious, noninfectious inflammatory pathologies and some malignant tumors, including invasive pulmonary fungal infection, tuberculosis (TB), community-acquired pneumonia, granulomatosis, sarcoidosis. It is also seen in pulmonary neoplasms and infarction, and following radiation and radiofrequency...
March 2024: Radiology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38130507/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd-causes-and-diagnosis-in-adults-a-review
#5
REVIEW
Bhagyesh Sapkale, Anupama Sawal
This article focuses on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in males of the adult age group, exploring its causes and diagnosis. ADHD is commonly identified in children and teenagers, often leading to academic difficulties. Diagnosing adult ADHD involves evaluating recent symptoms, assessing childhood history, examining functional impairment, obtaining developmental and mental health backgrounds, and ruling out other psychiatric conditions. The diagnostic assessment primarily relies on patient interviews, though input from family members and other sources can be valuable...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37990208/determinants-of-adverse-management-outcomes-of-blunt-abdominal-trauma-patients-operated-at-a-referral-hospital-in-southern-ethiopia-a-retrospective-record-review
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Demoz Abraha, Essay Gebreyes, Eskinder Wolka, Getahun Dender, Abebe Sorsa, Joshua Muhumuza
BACKGROUND: Abdominal trauma is one of the common reasons for emergency visits yet there is paucity of data about the subject in the horn of Africa. This study was aimed at determining the determinants of adverse management outcomes of blunt abdominal trauma among operated patients at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. METHODS: This was a three-year retrospective review conducted among 128 patient records selected using purposive sampling in which all records for the patients operated for a diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma during the study period were included...
November 21, 2023: BMC Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37534795/dna-sensing-in-cancer-pro-tumour-and-anti-tumour-functions-of-cgas-sting-signalling
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Otto P G Wheeler, Leonie Unterholzner
The DNA sensor cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) and its adaptor protein STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) detect the presence of cytosolic DNA as a sign of infection or damage. In cancer cells, this pathway can be activated through persistent DNA damage and chromosomal instability, which results in the formation of micronuclei and the exposure of DNA fragments to the cytosol. DNA damage from radio- or chemotherapy can further activate DNA sensing responses, which may occur in the cancer cells themselves or in stromal and immune cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME)...
August 3, 2023: Essays in Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37531135/dialectics-of-sign-and-symbol-and-the-utterance-of-archetype-theory
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raya Jones
Debates surrounding Jung's archetype theory could be characterized as tacit attempts to contend with the concept's dual function as referring to something known to psychologists (sign) and standing for something that is fundamentally unknowable (symbol). This essay considers implications of the term "archetype," outlines and critiques some of the conundrums of categorization and scientific credibility posed by Jung's formulation of the theory, and prompts locating the archetypal "human quality" of being human in imaginaries of typical patterning of the experiential realm...
August 2, 2023: Journal of Analytical Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37357892/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-psychiatry-benefits-and-concerns-an-assay-from-a-disputed-author
#9
EDITORIAL
Yavuz Ayhan
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, Turkish Journal of Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37180176/carnival-mask-sign-on-bone-scan-of-craniofacial-metastasis-of-neuroblastoma
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Hosokawa, Mayuki Uchiyama
A craniofacial mass may cause the first clinical symptoms of malignancy. In pediatric patients, neuroblastoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are the most common diseases initially manifesting with bone lesions, and bone scintigraphy is a useful modality to evaluate them. The purpose of this pictorial essay was to show the scintigraphy findings of the craniofacial bones in three patients, with neuroblastoma, ALL, and LCH, and to provide a useful scintigraphic sign to differentiate these diseases...
2023: Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine: IJNM: the Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37166455/prenatal-ultrasound-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-therapeutic-options-for-fetal-thoracic-anomalies-a-pictorial-essay
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pablo Caro-Domínguez, Teresa Victoria, Pierluigi Ciet, Estrella de la Torre, Ángel Chimenea Toscano, Lutgardo García Diaz, José Antonio Sainz-Bueno
Congenital thoracic anomalies are uncommon malformations that require a precise diagnosis to guide parental counseling and possible prenatal treatment. Prenatal ultrasound (US) is the gold standard imaging modality to first detect and characterize these abnormalities and the best modality for follow-up. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complementary tool that provides multiplanar assessment and tissue characterization and can help estimate prognosis. Prenatal treatment is increasingly being used in fetuses with signs of distress and to potentially decrease morbidity and mortality...
May 11, 2023: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37133352/rudolph-hermann-lotze-s-philosophically-informed-psychology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michele Vagnetti
This essay deals with four main topics: the notion of philosophical psychology; the idea that physical events and mental events cannot be compared to one another; psychophysical mechanism; and the theory of local signs. These are all key elements in the Medicinische Psychologie of Rudolph Hermann Lotze (1817-1881). By philosophical psychology, Lotze understands not only the collection of experimental data regarding physiological and mental states but also their philosophical processing outlining an interpretation of the real nature of the mind-body connection...
May 3, 2023: Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37047855/effectiveness-of-nonpharmacological-interventions-in-the-field-of-ventilation-an-umbrella-review
#13
REVIEW
Neuza Reis, Luis Gaspar, Abel Paiva, Paula Sousa, Natália Machado
UNLABELLED: This umbrella review aimed to determine the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in pulmonary ventilation and their impact on respiratory function. An individual with impaired ventilation displays visible variations manifested in their respiratory frequency, breathing rhythm ratio (I:E), thoracic symmetry, use of accessory muscles, dyspnea (feeling short of breath), oxygen saturation, diaphragm mobility, minute ventilation, peak flow, walking test, spirometry, Pimax/Pemax, diffusion, and respiratory muscle strength...
March 23, 2023: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37007383/ophthalmic-manifestations-of-chlorine-gas-exposure-what-do-we-know-so-far
#14
REVIEW
Khayry Al-Shami, Salman Almurabi, Jafar Shatnawi, Khaled Qasagsah, Ghayda' Shatnawi, Abdulqadir J Nashwan
Chlorine gas is a hazardous substance that can cause severe health effects when inhaled or exposed to the skin. It is an odorless, colorless gas in many industrial and manufacturing settings and conflict areas. While exposure to chlorine gas is generally limited to the workplace and public areas, there are instances in which people may be exposed to high levels of chlorine gas for a short period of time due to spills, mishaps on the road or railroads, or other tragedies. In addition to the general health effects of chlorine gas, this essay will focus on the effects of chlorine gas on the eyes...
February 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36944679/mri-of-the-temporomandibular-joint-in-children-with-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-protocol-and-findings
#15
REVIEW
Emilio J Inarejos Clemente, Mirkamal Tolend, Maria Navallas, Andrea S Doria, Arthur B Meyers
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the technique of choice for diagnosis and monitoring of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), as it is able to visualize both soft tissue and osteochondral changes. Approximately 40% of children with JIA develop inflammatory and chronic osteochondral changes observable on imaging, which if left untreated can lead to significant facial growth impairment, including facial asymmetry and retrognathia. MRI of the TMJ plays a paramount role in diagnosis and treatment monitoring in JIA since early signs of TMJ involvement are difficult to detect clinically and with physical examination...
July 2023: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36683010/denial-of-pregnancy-and-neonaticide-a-historical-overview-and-case-report
#16
Sara Sablone, Anna Margari, Francesco Introna, Roberto Catanesi, Gabriele Mandarelli
While denial of pregnancy and neonaticide are rare, they are potentially associated and share some risk factors. Neonaticide has been proposed as the extreme outcome of a denial of pregnancy. However, the process leading to such a possible outcome is not yet fully understood. The primary goal of this essay is to examine the various definitions and ambiguities surrounding the denial of pregnancy. The case of a young woman with a history of two denied pregnancies with diverse characteristics and outcomes, the latest of which resulted in neonaticide, is then reported and examined...
January 22, 2023: Journal of Forensic Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36625927/magnetic-resonance-imaging-of-disorders-with-white-matter-changes-in-children-and-adolescents-a-pictorial-essay
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Po Lam Kwok, Alta Y T Lai, Billy M H Lai, Shiobhon Y Luk, Kendrick Y K Tang, Wendy W C Wong, Jennifer L S Khoo
White matter changes are seen in a spectrum of disorders in children and adolescents. Understanding their distribution and appearance helps to reach diagnoses in daily radiologic practice. This pictorial essay will outline the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of diseases with white matter changes including demyelinating diseases, dysmyelinating disorders/leukodystrophies, infections, autoimmune diseases, vascular causes, mitochondrial disorders and neurocutaneous syndromes, along with a brief overview of clinical aspects of the diseases such as typical age of presentation, etiology, symptoms and signs and treatment options...
January 10, 2023: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36420572/microvascular-flow-imaging-to-differentiate-focal-hepatic-lesions-the-spoke-wheel-pattern-as-a-specific-sign-of-focal-nodular-hyperplasia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aladár David Rónaszéki, Ibolyka Dudás, Boglarka Zsély, Bettina Katalin Budai, Róbert Stollmayer, Oszkár Hahn, Barbara Csongrády, Byung-So Park, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Gabriella Győri, Pal Novak Kaposi
Microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) is an advanced Doppler ultrasound technique designed to detect slow-velocity blood flow in small-caliber microvessels. This technique is capable of realtime, highly detailed visualization of tumor vessels without using a contrast agent. MVFI has been recently applied for the characterization of focal liver lesions and has revealed typical vascularity distributions in multiple types thereof. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) constitutes an important differential diagnosis of malignant liver tumors...
July 9, 2022: Ultrasonography
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36289664/antispike-immunoglobulin-g-igg-titer-response-of-sars-cov-2-mrna-vaccine-bnt162b2-a-monitoring-study-on-healthcare-workers
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Giuseppina Malcangi, Sabino Ceci, Assunta Patano, Alberto Corriero, Daniela Azzollini, Grazia Marinelli, Giovanni Coloccia, Fabio Piras, Giuseppe Barile, Vito Settanni, Antonio Mancini, Nicole De Leonardis, Grazia Garofoli, Giulia Palmieri, Ciro Gargiulo Isacco, Biagio Rapone, Megan Jones, Ioana Roxana Bordea, Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, Antonio Scarano, Felice Lorusso, Luigi Macchia, Angela Maria Vittoria Larocca, Silvio Tafuri, Giovanni Migliore, Nicola Brienza, Gianna Dipalma, Francesco Inchingolo
The secretion of IgG SARS-CoV-2 antispike antibodies after vaccination with BNT162b2 and the protection represent the response of the human organism to the viral vector symptomatic infections. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the immune reaction in health workers of the Polyclinic of Bari to identify the relationship of antispike titers with blood type, sex, age, and comorbidities. This prospective observational study (RENAISSANCE) had as its primary endpoint the assessment of serologic response to BNT162b2 at three blood titers: the first at 60 days after the second dose (3 February 2021); the second titer at 75 days after the first titer; and the third titer at 130 days after the second titer...
September 26, 2022: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36249152/premedication-with-diclofenac-and-precurarization-with-atracurium-on-succinylcholine-induced-myalgia-in-laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-a-double-blinded-randomized-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amit Tirkey, Mukesh Kumar, Ekramul Haque, Tushar Kumar, Ladhu Lakra, Usha Suwalka
Background and Aims: Succinylcholine is the only available depolarizing neuromuscular blocker that has been widely used in the induction of anesthesia, and it is the drug of choice for rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia due to its rapid onset of effect and ultrashort duration of action owing to its rapid hydrolysis by acetyl-cholinesterase. Postoperative muscle pain (myalgia) and muscle stiffness are the most common side effects and are observed most frequently on the 1st postoperative day in ambulatory surgery...
January 2022: Anesthesia, Essays and Researches
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