radiology sedation

The field of pediatric organ transplantation has grown significantly in recent decades, with interventional radiology (IR) playing an essential role in managing pre and post-transplant complications. Pediatric transplant patients face unique challenges compared to adults, including donor-recipient size mismatch, and complications of a growing child with changing physiology. Interventional radiologists play a major role in pediatric renal and liver transplant. IR interventions begin early in the child's pretransplant journey, with diagnostic procedures such as biopsies, angiograms, and cholangiograms...

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disease associated with chronic inflammation of numerous joints. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (NAT) is a traditional remedy for RA, a chronic inflammatory disorder. Aim: The current project aims to demonstrate the role of the NAT extracts in sub-acute toxicity, pharmacovigilance, and anti-rheumatic biomarkers. Method: Hydroethanolic extract (1:1) of plant leaves was prepared by using the reflux method. The safety of the dose was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the anti-inflammatory effects of NAT on RA symptoms, including paw volumes, body weight, arthritic index, withdrawal latency, hematology and serological test, radiology, and histopathology, were evaluated in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis Sprague-Dawley rat models...

BACKGROUND: Improving access to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in childhood can be facilitated by making it faster and cheaper and reducing need for sedation or general anesthesia (GA) to mitigate motion. Some children achieve diagnostic quality MRI without GA through the use of non- practices fostering their cooperation and/or alleviating anxiety. Employed before and during MRI, these variably educate, distract, and/or desensitize patients to this environment. OBJECTIVE: To assess current utilization of non-sedate practices in pediatric MRI, including variations in practice and outcomes...

A 7-year-old boy with a history of pleuropulmonary blastoma after resection 6 years prior and germline DICER1 mutation was being monitored by physicians at a multidisciplinary genetic predisposition clinic. He demonstrated no evidence of recurrent pleuropulmonary blastoma, and his renal US, chest radiographic, and ocular screening examination results remained normal. Per age-directed screening guidelines, he underwent thyroid US. He had no signs or symptoms of hyper- or hypothyroidism. Physical examination was notable for the absence of thyromegaly or palpable nodule...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the benefits of a multifaceted concept, ANMTE (Appropriate Number of children, appropriate learning Methods, appropriate adaptive Training, and appropriate Encouragement), proposed by our group, in improving the success rate, efficiency and image quality of Magnetic Resonance (MR) examinations for children from 3 to 6 years old. METHOD: In this study, 150 participants were included from July 2019 to January 2023, including 50 non-sedated children in ANMTE group, 50 in the group with sedative, and 50 in the group with routine preparations...

OBJECTIVE: Skip corpectomy is a surgical technique that includes C4 and C6 corpectomies and fusion via autografts and a cervical plate and is frequently performed in patients with CSM and OPLL. This study presents long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of 48 patients who underwent skip corpectomy with 10-year follow-up. METHODS: 48 patients who were diagnosed with CSM or OPLL were included. All patients underwent spinal canal decompression and fusion via skip corpectomy...

BACKGROUND: In children with ileocolic intussusception, sedatives such as midazolam, ketamine and propofol may facilitate radiologic enema reduction, but studies on their separate and joint effects remain controversial. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to systematically analyze studies for the effects of sedatives on the radiologic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science from database inception through March 2023 for articles that enrolled children with ileocolic intussusception who underwent non-operative pneumatic or hydrostatic enema reduction under ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance with or without the use of sedatives...

Prostate cancer may recur several years after definitive treatment, such as prostatectomy or radiation therapy. A rise in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is the first sign of disease recurrence, and this is termed biochemical recurrence . Patients with biochemical recurrence have worse survival outcomes. Radiologic localization of recurrent disease helps in directing patient management, which may vary from active surveillance to salvage radiation therapy, androgen-deprivation therapy, or other forms of systemic and local therapy...

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BACKGROUND: Image-guided intussusception reduction has been practised internationally for many decades. The use of different modalities, delayed repeat attempts, and sedation/anaesthesia are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To survey the practice of image-guided intussusception reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 20-point questionnaire created by the European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) Abdominal Imaging Taskforce was distributed via the ESPR members' mailing list and shared on social media between 28 March and 1 May 2023...

PURPOSE: To describe a novel technique of transvenous radiofrequency catheter ablation of an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) of the left adrenal gland using the GOS System (Japan Lifeline, Tokyo, Japan). Using the GOS system, a flexible radiofrequency tip catheter can be inserted into the adrenal central and tributary veins, the drainers for functional tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An APA at the left adrenal gland, which was diagnosed by segmental adrenal venous sampling following administration of 0...

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation is an emerging technique for treating bone tumors. However, experience with using this procedure for osteoid osteomas in pediatric patients remains limited. Our study aims to assess its technical feasibility, clinical efficacy, and safety in children treated under conscious anesthesia. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive pediatric patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation for osteoid osteomas at our institution between September 2017 and March 2021...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of balloon and non-balloon (or dilator) gastrostomy devices in radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) for patients with neurological disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 152 patients was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from July 2017 to September 2020. 104 and 48 patients were included in the balloon and non-balloon groups, respectively. The frequency of complications per specific neurological indication as well as the breakdown of the different complications pertaining to each indication was recorded for analysis...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a novel surgical technique using hysteroscopic lysis of adhesions after interventional radiology (IR)-guided access in patients with severe intrauterine adhesions and challenging uterine access. DESIGN: This video illustrates the technique of the safe division of intrauterine adhesions after IR-guided access. SETTING: Conventional hysteroscopic adhesiolysis might be inadequate or risky in cases of severely narrowed or obstructed uterine flow tract, possibly resulting in incomplete adhesiolysis, false passages, or uterine perforation...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric trauma triage and transfer decisions should incorporate the likelihood that an injured child will require pediatric trauma center (PTC) resources. Resource utilization may be a better basis than mortality risk when evaluating pediatric injury severity. However, there is currently no consensus definition of PTC resource utilization that encompasses the full scope of PTC services. METHODS: Consensus criteria were developed in collaboration with the Pediatric Trauma Society (PTS) Research Committee using a modified Delphi approach...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous cholecystoenteric anastomosis (PCEA) creation in patients with indwelling cholecystostomy tubes who are high-risk surgical candidates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen (male, 10; female, 4) patients with a mean age of 79 years (range, 53-92 years) with previously inserted cholecystostomy tubes underwent PCEA with the adjacent duodenum using a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) between January 2015 and October 2022...

The biggest challenge for clinicians and surgeons when it comes to radiological examinations is the ability to request the right modalities and to understand the strengths and limitations of each modality. This is particularly important in paediatric neurosciences where despite magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being the main imaging modality, there are several protocols, technical limitations of specific scanners and issues related to sedation that need to be taken into account. In this chapter, we describe a simple approach for six common neurosurgical conditions to guide the paediatric neurosurgeons in requesting the right MR protocol and understanding the rationale of it...

INTRODUCTION: Left gastric artery embolisation (LGAE) is a well-established treatment for major upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding when control is not established via upper GI endoscopy and recently has shown promising results for weight loss in small single arm studies. LGAE could be a treatment option in between our current tier-3 and tier-4 services for obesity. EMBIO is a National Institute for Health Research funded trial, a multicentre double-blinded randomised controlled trial between Imperial College National Health Service Trust and University College London Hospital, comparing LGAE versus Placebo procedure...

Photon counting detector (PCD) computed tomography (CT) represents the newest advance in CT technology, with improved radiation dose efficiency, increased spatial resolution, inherent spectral imaging capabilities, and the ability to eliminate electronic noise. Its design fundamentally differs from conventional energy-integrating-detector (EID) CT because photons are directly converted to electrical signal in a single step. Rather than converting x-rays to visible light and having an output signal that is a summation of energies, PCD directly counts each photon and records its individual energy information...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.