Vascular compliance

As living standards rise, more and more people are paying attention to their own health, especially issues such as cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, and other cerebral blood flow problems. An accurate simulation of blood flow within cerebral vessels has emerged as a crucial area of research. In this study, we focus on microcirculatory blood flow in ischemic brain tissue and employ a 0D-1D geometric multi-scale coupled model to characterize this process. Given the intricate nature of human cerebral vessels, we apply a numerical method combining the finite element method and the third-order Runge-Kutta method to resolve the coupled model...

BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that Hispanic patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit improved survival rates compared to individuals of other ethnicities with similar baseline hemodynamics. However, the underlying reasons for this survival advantage remain unclear. This study focused on comparing pulmonary hemodynamics in Hispanic and non-Hispanic PAH patients and how these differences may contribute to varied clinical outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of right heart catheterization data was conducted on a treatment-naive PAH patient cohort from a single center...

INTRODUCTION: Use of mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia is a necessary practice in the anesthetization of small cetaceans as spontaneous ventilation fails to provide adequate gas exchange. Currently available methods of ventilation do not account for the intermittent breathing strategy of representative species within this infraorder of fully aquatic mammals and may have a significant effect on cardiac and respiratory physiology. METHODS: To understand the impact of mechanical ventilation on cardiopulmonary function in one small species of cetacean, the bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus ), we compared controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) to a novel ventilation method known as apneustic anesthesia ventilation (AAV)...

In bivalves and gastropods, ventricle contraction causes a negative pressure in the auricles, and increases venous return from the afferent oblique vein (AOV): the constant-volume (CV) mechanism. The flow in the AOV should be a pulsative flow synchronized with the ventricular contraction. The flow in the heart and adjacent vessels of the Mytilus galloprovincialis were measured by magnetic resonance imaging to confirm this hypothesis. Under a regular heartbeat, pulsative flows in the AOV and branchial vessels (BVs) were almost completely synchronized with the flow in the aorta, while filling in the ventricle was in the opposite phase...

There is an increasing demand for small-diameter blood vessels. Currently, there is no clinically available small-diameter artificial vessel. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has vast potential for applications in artificial blood vessels due to its good biocompatibility. At the same time, medical polyurethane (PU) is a highly elastic polymer material widely used in artificial blood vessels. This study reports a composite small-diameter BNC/PU conduit using a non-solvent-induced phase separation method with the highly hydrophilic BNC tube as the skeleton and the hydrophobic polycarbonate PU as the filling material...

OBJECTIVE: This prospective longitudinal pragmatic study describes at home treatment with a proprietary Advanced Pneumatic Compression Device (APCD) in patients with lower extremity Lymphedema (LED). METHODS: Following IRB approval, 4 participating VA centers enrolled LED patients from 2016 -2022. Primary outcome measures were Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) questionnaires; (LYMQOL-leg) and the generic SF-36v2™ obtained at baseline, 12, 24, and 52 weeks...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this work is to evaluate the real-world outcomes of the reinforced treat-and-extend (RTE) protocol for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration with intravitreal injections of aflibercept or ranibizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies). METHODS: This was a retrospective review of patients from two tertiary ophthalmology centers in France initiating the RTE protocol between February 2018 and June 2021...

BACKGROUND: Endovascular techniques have transformed the management of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). However, spinal cord ischemia (SCI) remains a prevalent and devastating complication. Prophylactic drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is among the proposed strategies for prevention of SCI. Although prophylactic CSF drainage is widely used and conceptually attractive, prophylactic CSF drains have not been demonstrated to definitively prevent the occurrence nor mitigate the severity of SCI in endovascular TAAA repair...

Iliac arteries play a crucial role in peripheral blood circulation. They are susceptible to various diseases, including aneurysms and atherosclerosis. Structure, material properties, and biomechanical forces acting on different regions of the iliac vasculature may contribute to the localization and progression of these pathologies. We examined 33 arterial specimens from common iliac (CI), external iliac (EI), and internal iliac (II) arteries obtained from 11 human donors (62 ± 12 years). We conducted morphometric, mechanical, and structural analyses using planar biaxial tests, constitutive modeling, and bi-directional histology on transverse and axial sections...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a well-defined clinical entity characterized by the acute onset of diffuse pulmonary injury and hypoxemia not explained by fluid overload. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about an unprecedented volume of patients with ARDS and challenged our understanding and clinical approach to treatment of this clinical syndrome. Unique to COVID-19 ARDS is the disruption and dysregulation of the pulmonary vascular compartment caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is a significant cause of hypoxemia in these patients...

Mechanisms behind the protective effects of aerobic exercise on brain health remain elusive but may be vascular in origin and relate to cerebral pulsatility. This pilot study investigated the effects of 12 wks aerobic exercise training on cerebral pulsatility and its vascular contributors (large artery stiffness, characteristic impedance) in at-risk middle-aged adults. 28 inactive middle-aged adults with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension were assigned to either moderate/vigorous aerobic exercise training (AET) for 3 d/wk or no-exercise control (CON) group...

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the hypothesis that vascular aging (VA) reduces ventricular contractile function and mechanical efficiency (ME) using the left ventricular pressure-volume (PV) construct. METHODS: A previously published in-silico computational model (CM) was modified to evaluate the hypothesis in two phases. In phase I, the CM included five settings of aortic compliance ( CA ) from normal to stiff, studied at a heart rate of 80 bpm, and phase II included the normal to stiff CA settings evaluated at 60, 100, and 140 bpm...

INTRODUCTION: Venous ulcers are a late and severe form of CVI and account for 70% of all etiologies that cause leg ulcers in the lower limb and they account for 20% of the 2.5 million cases complaining of chronic venous disease. Our study aims to investigate the effect of venous stenting of the deep veins on the healing of the venous ulcer. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective study conducted on prospectively recorded medical records of 78 patients with chronic deep venous diseases - C6 (either non-occlusive iliac venous lesion or post-thrombotic syndrome)...

BACKGROUND & AIM: Fast-track or enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a care pathway for surgical patients based on a multidisciplinary team approach aimed at optimising recovery without increasing risk with protocols based on scientific evidence, which is monitored continuously to ensure compliance and improvement. These protocols have been shown to reduce the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) following paediatric cardiac surgery...

BACKGROUND Exploring the factors that impact the time from symptom onset to first medical contact (S2FMC) is crucial for improving outcomes in elderly patients diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study conducted a retrospective analysis on 282 patients who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in Guangzhou City District to identify significant factors affecting S2FMC. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 282 patients with STEMI who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)...

PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and safety of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) for enabling transfemoral abdominal (EVAR), thoracic (TEVAR), and thoracoabdominal (BEVAR) endovascular aneurysm repair in patients with narrow and calcified iliac arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients treated with IVL for severe calcified and narrowed iliac access before EVAR, TEVAR, or BEVAR between November 2020 and June 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. All anatomical iliac characteristics were acquired by multi-planar reconstruction of preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA)...

PROBLEM: Arterial blood gasses (ABGs) account for an estimated 10-20% of all costs during an ICU stay. Non-clinically indicated ABGs increased costs of care, lengths of stay, ventilator days, and line days, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes in already vulnerable critically ill patients. A cardiac surgery intensive care unit (CSICU) within a large urban mid-Atlantic academic medical center accounted for 31% of the entire institution's ABG analyses between 2018-2019, was identified as a top utilizer due to inappropriate ordering practices compared to current guidelines...

BACKGROUND: Müllerian agenesis, known as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, is characterized by an absent uterus, cervix, and two-thirds proximal vagina (1). To allow sexual intercourse, dilatators-based conservative approaches and Vecchietti vaginoplasty generate progressive traction on the vaginal stump until adequate vaginal size is achieved. Other approaches create the neovagina using mucous/cutaneous, peritoneal, or ileal/sigmoid grafts or cutaneous flaps from the genitalia to fulfill a newly developed space between the bladder and rectum...

In compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, we conducted this systemic review on the prevalence, mechanism, and therapy of sleep disorder in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). After searching PubMed and Embase, 78 articles were selected for this review. This review discusses the bidirectional relationship between CVD and sleep disorders. Sleep impairment is highly prevalent in patients with CVD and mainly involves insomnia and sleep-breathing disorders. Several valuable biomarkers could be implicated in predicting sleep disorders in CVD patients, such as placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor family, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, endoglin, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, erythropoietin...

Background : Cushing's disease (CD) is associated with a specific form of metabolic syndrome that includes visceral obesity, which may affect cardiovascular hemodynamics by stimulating hypercortisolism-related metabolic activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between obesity and the hemodynamic profile of patients with CD. Methods : This prospective clinical study involved a hemodynamic status assessment of 54 patients newly diagnosed with CD with no significant comorbidities (mean age of 41 years)...