Internal board examination

BACKGROUND: The Philippines is the global maritime industry's single biggest source of seafarers. This article examines how the Philippines protects the welfare of its seafarers working on board ocean-going vessels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We employed a multi-method approach to better understand the POEA-SEC as a regulatory instrument. First, we analysed Philippine legislation and regulations that are shaping the employment, welfare, and working conditions of Filipino seafarers...

Introduction Pre-analytical errors in cytology laboratories can significantly impact the accuracy of diagnostic results and turnaround times, ultimately affecting patient care. This article presents an evaluation of pre-analytical errors and proposes fostering strategies to enhance accuracy and efficiency in the cytology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital. The background discusses the importance of pre-analytical processes in ensuring reliable cytological diagnoses and the common errors encountered in specimen collection, handling, and transportation...

Objective : Board certification (BC) in clinical neuropsychology via the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology (ABCN) is a rigorous process demonstrating clinical competence to practice. While myths about BC have been addressed, barriers to BC have yet to be studied. The aim of this study was to identify barriers to BC among neuropsychology trainees and professionals. Method : Data were collected through pre-webinar surveys administered to 1202 participants across four webinars conducted between 2018 and 2021...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the intraoperative use of 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) in cardiac surgical centers, the authors created a survey aimed at evaluating the availability of equipment and the use of 3D TEE for specific surgical and interventional procedures and single-image modalities. The respondents were asked to identify the perceived impact on patient management and current limitations to its routine use. DESIGN: A multiple choice 25-question online survey submitted to the members of the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) on December 6, 2021, and closed on January 31, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Canada's Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB) uses external and internal reference pricing (IRP) to regulate patented drug list prices. PMPRB has changed external reference countries from 7 to 11 to include countries with prices closer to the OECD median. We examined the impact on the list prices for patented medicines had the amendment been implemented from 2013. METHODS: Using IQVIA MIDAS® quarterly sales data, we selected branded products that were launched in Canada in 2013-2018...

OBJECTIVE: The study aims to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of arthritis in the US using a specific generative AI tool. METHODS: The AI tool with Bing.com/copilot, designed to generate Python code, uses data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to visualize trends and uncover insights in four key areas: (1) The prevalence of arthritis in adults aged 18 years and older who have diabetes, (2) The prevalence of fair or poor health in adults aged 18 years and older who have arthritis, (3) The prevalence of activity limitations due to arthritis in adults aged 18 years and older with doctor-diagnosed arthritis, (4) The prevalence of arthritis in adults aged 18 years and older who are obese...

This paper contrasts the Irish experience of the 2008 economic crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic, and the health system responses to these shocks, from the perspective of health system leaders working across both time periods. Based on semi-structured interviews with seven senior national and international officials, the research presented here forms the qualitative component of RESTORE, a five-year research project examining health system resilience and reform, funded through the Health Research Board's Research Leader Award in Ireland...

INTRODUCTION: Mild traumatic brain injury is common in children and it can be challenging to accurately identify those in need of urgent medical intervention. The Scandinavian guidelines for management of minor and moderate head trauma in children, the Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee guideline 2016 (SNC16), were developed to aid in risk stratification and decision-making in Scandinavian emergency departments (EDs). This guideline has been validated externally with encouraging results, but internal validation in the intended healthcare system is warranted prior to broad clinical implementation...

IMPORTANCE: Many surgeons cite mentorship as a critical component of training. However, little evidence exists regarding factors associated with mentorship and the influence of mentorship on trainee education or wellness. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate factors associated with surgical trainees' perceptions of meaningful mentorship, assess associations of mentorship with resident education and wellness, and evaluate programmatic variation in mentorship. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A voluntary, anonymous survey was administered to clinically active residents in all accredited US general surgery residency programs following the 2019 American Board of Surgery In-Service Training Examination...

BACKGROUND: YouTube is a platform for many topics, including plastic surgery. Previous studies have shown poor educational value in YouTube videos of plastic surgery procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and accuracy of YouTube videos concerning gynecomastia surgery (GS). METHODS: The phrases "gynecomastia surgery" (GS) and "man boobs surgery" (MB) were queried on YouTube. The first 50 videos for each search term were examined. The videos were rated using our novel Gynecomastia Surgery Specific Score to measure gynecomastia-specific information, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) to measure understandability and actionability, and the Global Quality Scale to measure general quality...

INTRODUCTION: The American Board of Surgery awards board certification after successful completion of both the Qualifying Exam and Certifying Exam. Although multiple studies have evaluated board performance at the resident level, fewer studies have evaluated board performance at the program level. METHODS: Program pass rates, available through the American Board of Surgery, for 2019-2021 were compared to program information through the American Medical Association Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database Access (FREIDA)...

INTRODUCTION: The uses of on-demand, interactive tablet-based surgical training environments are of interest as potential resources for both the acquisition and maintenance of rarely performed, critical procedures for expeditionary surgical care. This study examined the effectiveness of a tablet-based augmented reality (AR) procedural training environment for lower leg fasciotomy with a cohort of novice surgical trainees in (1) procedural knowledge, (2) tablet-based procedural skills, (3) tablet-based procedural time, and (4) procedural performance on a cadaver...

OBJECTIVES: To collect real-world data about the knowledge and self-perception of young radiologists concerning the use of contrast media (CM) and the management of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS: A survey (29 questions) was distributed to residents and board-certified radiologists younger than 40 years to investigate the current international situation in young radiology community regarding CM and ADRs. Descriptive statistics analysis was performed...

The remarkable world-changing growth of International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (globally over 35,000 IBCLCs in 2023), as the internationally recognized lactation professional since Chele Marmet conceptualized the field in 1977, demonstrates its importance for society and breastfeeding dyads. The early 1980s was a seminal time in the development of lactation care as a allied health field with specialized knowledge, study, and certification. Chele Marmet played a significant role as an innovator and activist during all these major changes...

BACKGROUND: Prior research has provided retrospective validity evidence for an abbreviated Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) to measure burnout among emergency medicine (EM) residents. We sought to provide additional validity and reliability evidence for the two-factor, six-item abbreviated CBI. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the abbreviated CBI that was administered following the 2022 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-training Examination...

INTRODUCTION: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and chronic, debilitating skin condition characterised, in its acute flare phase, by clinically severe and potentially life-threatening systemic manifestations. Data on GPP are still scanty, particularly in Europe and at a national level. To provide expert indications on several disease-related and patient-related aspects of GPP, with specific focus to the Italian context. METHODS: We conducted an iterative eDelphi study following the recommended criteria for reporting methods and results...

PURPOSE: Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a very rare chronic neurological disorder of unilateral inflammation of the cerebral cortex. Hemispherotomy provides the best chance at achieving seizure freedom in RE patients, but with significant risks and variable long-term outcomes. The goal of this study is to utilize our multicenter pediatric cohort to characterize if differences in pathology and/or imaging characterization of RE may provide a window into post-operative seizure outcomes, which in turn could guide decision-making for parents and healthcare providers...

INTRODUCTION: Comprehensive and standardized colonoscopy reports are crucial in colorectal cancer prevention, monitoring, and research. This study investigates adherence to national and international guidelines by analyzing reporting practices among 21 endoscopists in 7 German centers, with a focus on polyp reporting. METHODS: We identified and assessed German, European, American and World Health Organization provided statements to identify key elements in colonoscopy reporting...

BACKGROUND: Pharmacists are an increasing part of the primary care health care team in Scotland. Recruitment to this expanding sector has largely come from community pharmacy. However, it is unknown if these pharmacists have specific needs to perform their role within the primary care team. AIM: To explore the perceived challenges and enablers of community pharmacists transitioning into primary care pharmacist roles. METHOD: Eight pharmacists (5 female, 3 male, median age 32) across Scotland's largest regional health board who previously practised in community pharmacy participated in a recorded, semi-structured interview via Microsoft Teams® to explore their challenges and enablers of transition into primary care...

BACKGROUND: Unit-based critical care nurse leaders (UBCCNL) play a role in exemplifying ethical leadership, addressing moral distress, and mitigating contributing factors to moral distress on their units. Despite several studies examining the experience of moral distress by bedside nurses, knowledge is limited regarding the UBCCNL's experience. RESEARCH AIM: The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of Alabama UBCCNLs regarding how they experience, cope with, and address moral distress...